type Theridion sexpunctatum Emerton, 1882; gender masculine

N.B.: originally described as a subgenus of Theridion Walckenaer, 1805; removed from the synonymy of Theridion Walckenaer, 1805 and elevated to genus by Wunderlich, 1987a: 213, contra Levi, 1957a: 19.

In synonymy:
Rugathodes lowriei (Barrows, 1945) = Rugathodes aurantius (Emerton, 1915) (Levi, 1980b: 336, sub Theridion).
Rugathodes marxi (Keyserling, 1884) = Rugathodes sexpunctatus (Emerton, 1882) (Banks, 1910: 20, sub Theridium).

Rugathodes acoreensis Wunderlich, 1992a: 415, f. 584-588 (Dmf).
Rugathodes acoreensis Wunderlich, 1993c: 684, f. 7c (m).
Rugathodes acoreensis Wunderlich, 2008b: 394, f. 565-568 (mf).
Rugathodes acoreensis Wunderlich, 2008h: 771, f. 9 (m).

Theridion aurantium Emerton, 1915a: 136, pl. 1, f. 2 (Df).
Theridion lowriei Barrows, 1945: 72, pl. I, f. 5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:061218].
Theridion (R.) aurantium Archer, 1950: 24.
Theridion aurantium Levi, 1951: 3, f. 10 (f).
Theridion aurantium Levi & Field, 1954: 444, f. 7-8 (mf).
Theridion aurantium Levi, 1957a: 93, f. 337-339, 350-352 (mf).
Theridion lowriei Levi, 1957a: 98, f. 353 (f).
Theridion aurantium Levi, 1980b: 336 (S of Theridion lowriei).
Rugathodes aurantius Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 219, f. 2453-2455 (mf).

Theridium bellicosum Simon, 1873a: 106 (Dm).
Theridion bellicosum Jackson, 1914: 123, pl. 2, f. 7, 9, 11, 14 (m).
Theridion instabile bellicosum Simon, 1914: 256, 294, f. 508 (m).
Theridion bellicosum Wiehle, 1937: 144, f. 52-59, 62a, c (m, Df).
Theridium bellicosum Tullgren, 1949: 36, f. 1 (f).
Theridion (R.) bellicosum Archer, 1950: 24.
Theridion bellicosum Locket & Millidge, 1953: 79, f. 51B, D, G-H (mf).
Theridion bellicosum Brændegaard, 1958: 29, f. 19 (f).
Enoplognatha bellicosa Denis, 1962a: 67.
Theridion bellicosum Waaler, 1966: 183, f. 1 (f).
Theridium bellicosum Tystshenko, 1971: 147, f. 439 (f).
Enoplognatha bellicosum Miller, 1971: 190, pl. XXXIII, f. 4-5 (f).
Theridion bellicosum Palmgren, 1974b: 22, f. 4.10-14 (mf).
Theridion bellicosum Roberts, 1985: 188, f. 84b (mf).
Rugathodes bellicosum Wunderlich, 1987a: 214 (Tmf from Theridion).
Theridion bellicosum Izmailova, 1989: 90, f. 70 (f).
Theridion bellicosum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 300, f. 804 (mf).
Rugathodes bellicosus Kronestedt, 1993b: 111, f. 2 (f).
Rugathodes bellicosum Wunderlich, 1993c: 684, f. 7a (m).
Theridion bellicosum Roberts, 1995: 288, f. (mf).
Rugathodes bellicosus Esyunin & Efimik, 1995: 75, f. 2-3 (f).
Rugathodes bellicosus Agnarsson, 1996: 53, f. 36A-B (mf).
Theridion bellicosum Roberts, 1998: 302, f. (mf).
Theridion bellicosum Hu, 2001: 578, f. 390.1-3 (f).
Rugathodes bellicosus Knoflach & Pfaller, 2004: 142, f. 24e (f).
Rugathodes bellicosus Trotta, 2005: 176, f. 464-465 (mf).
Rugathodes bellicosus Almquist, 2006: 86, f. 109a-g (mf).
Rugathodes bellicosus Jäger, 2006d: 4, f. 1-4a-g (f).
Rugathodes bellicosus Agnarsson, Coddington & Knoflach, 2007: 374, f. 139-144 (m).
Theridion bellicosum Le Peru, 2011: 474, f. 805 (mf).
Rugathodes bellicosus Vanuytven, 2021: 249, f. B.266b, B.267 (m).
Rugathodes bellicosus Zamani et al., 2021b: 293, f. 11K-L (f).

Theridion instabile O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871a: 416, pl. 55, f. 14 (Dmf).
Phyllonethis instabilis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879d: 95.
Theridion lepidum Simon, 1881a: 64 (misidentified per Simon, 1914: 294, not Walckenaer, 1802, see Enoplognatha ovata).
Theridion lepidum Becker, 1896: (2): 85, pl. 16, f. 2 (mf; refers e.g. to Simon, 1881a: 64, therefore listed here).
Theridion lepidum Lessert, 1910b: 98, f. 79-80 (mf; misidentified per Simon, 1914: 294).
Theridion instabile Jackson, 1914: 122, pl. 2, f. 8, 10, 12-13 (mf).
Theridion instabile Simon, 1914: 256, 294, f. 507 (mf).
Theridion instabile Wiehle, 1937: 146, f. 59, 60b, d, 61-62 (mf).
Theridion (Rugathodes) instabile Archer, 1950: 24.
Theridion instabile Locket & Millidge, 1953: 77, f. 51A, C, E-F (mf).
Theridion instabile Tystshenko, 1971: 147, f. 421 (f).
Theridion instabile Roberts, 1985: 188, f. 84a (mf).
Theridion instabile Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 300, f. 803 (mf).
Rugathodes instabilis Kronestedt, 1993b: 111, f. 1 (f).
Theridion instabile Roberts, 1995: 287, f. (mf).
Theridion instabile Roberts, 1998: 302, f. (mf).
Rugathodes instabilis Trotta, 2005: 176, f. 462-463 (mf).
Rugathodes instabilis Almquist, 2006: 87, f. 110a (f).
Rugathodes instabilis Jäger, 2006d: 4, f. 1-4f-g (m).
Theridion instabile Le Peru, 2011: 479, f. 825 (mf).

Rugathodes madeirense Wunderlich, 1987a: 213, f. 566-569 (Dmf).
Rugathodes madeirensis Wunderlich, 1993c: 684, f. 7b (m).

Rugathodes minioculatus Wunderlich, 2022: 8, f. 1-3 (Df).

Theridion nigrolimbatum Yaginuma, 1972c: 22, f. 1-5 (Dmf).
Theridion nigrolimbatum Yaginuma, 1986a: 37, f. 20.6 (mf).
Theridion nigrolimbatum Chikuni, 1989b: 45, f. 66 (mf).
Rugathodes nigrolimbata Yoshida, 2001c: 173, f. 56-59 (mf, T from Theridion).
Rugathodes nigrolimbata Yoshida, 2003a: 99, f. 243-246 (mf).
Rugathodes nigrolimbata Yoshida, 2009b: 372, f. 159-162 (mf).

Theridion pico Merrett & Ashmole, 1989: 51, f. 1-8 (Dmf).
Rugathodes pico Wunderlich, 1992a: 417, f. 590-594 (mf, T from Theridion).
Rugathodes pico Wunderlich, 1993c: 684, f. 7c (m).
Rugathodes pico Wunderlich, 2008b: 394, f. 569 (m).

Theridion sexpunctatum Emerton, 1882: 12, pl. 2, f. 5 (Dmf).
Theridium marxii Keyserling, 1884a: 68, pl. 3, f. 41 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:061219].
Theridium marxii Keyserling, 1886b: 231, pl. 20, f. 285 (Dm).
Theridium sexpunctatum Banks, 1910: 20 (S of Theridion marxi).
Theridion sexpunctatum Emerton, 1915a: 137, pl. 1, f. 3 (m).
Theridion (R.) sexpunctatum Archer, 1950: 24, pl. III, f. 7 (m).
Theridion sexpunctatum Levi & Field, 1954: 444, f. 5, 9-10 (mf).
Theridion sexpunctatum Levi, 1957a: 91, f. 340-349 (mf).
Theridion sexpunctatum Kaston, 1977: 16, f. 9-10 (f).
Rugathodes sexpunctatus Wunderlich, 1987a: 213.
Rugathodes sexpunctatus Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 220, f. 2456-2458 (mf).
Rugathodes sexpunctatus Breuss, 2009: 307, f. 17 (f).
Rugathodes sexpunctatus Davidson & Merrett, 2014: 113, f. 1-10 (mf).