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N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Metidae by Heimer & Nentwig, 1982: 292 and Levi, 1986a: 93 (although not by Wunderlich, 1986: 115), but that name is unavailable in any case, as it is preoccupied in the Copepoda; see note under Araneidae regarding the placement of nephilines; includes taxa placed by Forster & Forster, 1999: 166 in the "Nanometidae," for which a formal phylogenetic argument has not yet appeared.
Transferred to other families:
Alcimosphenus Simon, 1895 -- see Araneidae.
Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 -- see Araneidae.
Louisfagea Brignoli, 1971 -- see Pimoa under Pimoidae.
Metella Fage, 1931 -- see Pimoa under Pimoidae.
Napometa Benoit, 1977 -- see Linyphiidae.
Paranesticus Mello-Leitão, 1944 -- see Dubiaranea under Linyphiidae.
Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 -- see Pimoidae.
Zygiella F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902 -- see Araneidae.
In synonymy:
Afiamalu Marples, 1955 = Dolichognatha O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 (Levi, 1981a: 277).
Anopas Archer, 1951 = Tylorida Simon, 1894 (Chrysanthus, 1975: 31).
Arundognatha Wiehle, 1963 = Tetragnatha Latreille, 1804 (Levi, 1981a: 282).
Auchicybaeus Gertsch, 1933 = Meta C. L. Koch, 1836 (Lehtinen, 1967: 217).
Capichameta Soares & Camargo, 1955 = Chrysometa Simon, 1894 (Levi, 1986a: 99).
Eucta Simon, 1881 = Tetragnatha Latreille, 1804 (Levi, 1981a: 282).
Hivaoa Berland, 1935 = Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Levi, 1980a: 64).
Landana Simon, 1883 = Dolichognatha O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 (Levi, 1981a: 277).
Mimognatha Banks, 1929 = Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Levi, 1980a: 64).
Nicholasia Bryant & Archer, 1940 = Dolichognatha O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 (Levi, 1981a: 277).
Opas O. P.-Cambridge, 1896 = Leucauge White, 1841 (Levi, 1980a: 23, contra Archer, 1951a).
Paraebius Thorell, 1894 = Dolichognatha O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 (Levi, 1981a: 277).
Plesiometa F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903 = Leucauge White, 1841 (Levi, 1980a: 23, contra Archer, 1951a).
Prolochus Thorell, 1895 = Dolichognatha O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 (Levi, 1981a: 277).
Singotypa Simon, 1894 = Phonognatha Simon, 1894 (Dondale, 1966: 1170).
Homonym replaced:
Pseudometa F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903 -- see Chrysometa.
Nomen nudum:
Chrysater Kishida (Yaginuma, in Brignoli, 1983c: 220).
mf argyra Bryant, 1945....................Hispaniola
A. a. Bryant, 1945a: 397, f. 35 (Dmf).
m bella O. P.-Cambridge, 1896 *....................Costa Rica
A. b. O. P.-Cambridge, 1896a: 213, pl. 28, f. 7 (Dm).
Cyrtognatha b. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 335.
mf bryantae Chickering, 1956....................Jamaica
A. b. Chickering, 1956b: 2, f. 1-5 (Dmf).
mf espanola Bryant, 1945....................Hispaniola
A. e. Bryant, 1945a: 399, f. 34 (Dmf).
mf insolita Chickering, 1956....................Panama
A. i. Chickering, 1956c: 2, f. 1-6 (Dmf).
f lactescens Mello-Leitão, 1947....................Brazil
A. l. Mello-Leitão, 1947c: 11, f. 25 (Df).
f lepida (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Panama
Argyroepeira l. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 7, pl. 1, f, 8 (Df).
A. l. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 437.
Cyrtognatha l. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 335.
m pachygnathoides (O. P.-Cambridge, 1894)....................Panama
Tetragnatha p. O. P.-Cambridge, 1894a: 144, pl. 18, f. 4 (Dm).
A. p. O. P.-Cambridge, 1896a: 213.
Cyrtognatha p. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 335.
mf rucilla Bryant, 1945....................Hispaniola
A. r. Bryant, 1945a: 401, f. 33 (Dmf).
Cyrtognatha r. Wunderlich, 1988: 98, f. 193 (m).
mf simoni Bryant, 1940....................Cuba
A. s. Bryant, 1940: 355, f. 122, 124-125 (Dmf).
m lucida Bryant, 1945 *....................Hispaniola
A. l. Bryant, 1945a: 403, f. 31 (Dm).
m spinosa Simon, 1895 *....................Sri Lanka
A. s. Simon, 1894a: 737 (nomen nudum).
A. s. Simon, 1895g: 151 (Dm).
f quinquemucronata Simon, 1895 *....................Sri Lanka
A. q. Simon, 1894a: 742, f. 826 (nomen nudum).
A. q. Simon, 1895g: 154 (Df).
In synonymy:
A. mexicana Banks, 1898 = A. affinis O. P.-Cambridge, 1893 (Levi, 1980a: 72).
A. vagepicta Simon, 1895 = A. affinis O. P.-Cambridge, 1893 (Levi, 1980a: 72).
mf affinis O. P.-Cambridge, 1893....................USA to Costa Rica
A. a. O. P.-Cambridge, 1893b: 110, pl. 15, f. 4 (Df).
A. vagepicta Simon, 1895g: 153 (Df).
A. mexicana Banks, 1898b: 258, pl. 15, f. 19 (Dm).
A. vagepicta Banks, 1913: 180, pl. 11, f. 14 (f).
A. vagepicta Bryant, 1945c: 208, f. 10 (Dm).
A. vagepicta Wiehle, 1967b: 193, f. 44 (f).
A. a. Levi, 1980a: 72, f. 290-308 (f, Sm).
A. a. Roth, 1985: B6-9, f. 7, 73 (m).
A. a. Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 53 (m).
A. a. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 326, f. 7A-B, 13A (m).
f boudeti Simon, 1895....................Brazil
A. b. Simon, 1895g: 153 (Df).
f formosa Keyserling, 1881 *....................Peru
A. f. Keyserling, 1881c: 271, pl. 11, f 2 (Df).
A. f. Keyserling, 1893: 268, pl. 14, f. 199 (f).
mf guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889....................Central America to Peru, St. Vincent
A. g. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 12, pl. 3, f. 3-4 (Dmf).
A. g. Keyserling, 1893: 267, pl 14, f. 198 (f).
f histrio Simon, 1895....................Brazil
A. h. Simon, 1894a: 740, f. 821 (nomen nudum).
A. h. Simon, 1895g: 152 (Df).
mf marmorata Mello-Leitão, 1948....................Guyana
A. m. Mello-Leitão, 1948: 161, f. 7 (Dmf).
f montana Bryant, 1940....................Cuba
A. m. Bryant, 1940: 348, f. 112, 115 (Df).
f rojasi Simon, 1895....................Venezuela
A. r. Simon, 1895g: 153 (Df).
j vachoni (Caporiacco, 1954)....................French Guiana
Cyrtophora v. Caporiacco, 1954: 82 (Dj).
A. v. Levi, 1997: 252 (Tj from Cyrtophora).
Transferred to other genera:
C. biologica (Chamberlin, 1925) -- see Zygiella under Araneidae.
C. branicki (Taczanowski, 1874) -- see Leucauge.
C. caudacuta (Taczanowski, 1873) -- see Mecynometa.
C. longimana (Keyserling, 1881) -- see Leucauge.
C. mariana (Keyserling, 1881) -- see Leucauge.
C. t-notata Tullgren, 1905 -- see Larinia under Araneidae.
C. tristis Mello-Leitão, 1941 -- see Dubiaranea under Linyphiidae.
In synonymy:
C. alticola (Berland, 1913, T from Meta) = C. zelotypa (Keyserling, 1883) (Levi, 1986a: 152).
C. ribeiroi (Soares & Camargo, 1955) = C. guttata (Keyserling, 1881) (Levi, 1986a: 183).
C. superans (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896) = C. alboguttata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889) (Levi, 1986a: 184).
C. uncata (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903) = C. brevipes (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889) (Levi, 1986a: 187).
Nomen dubium:
C. longipes (Keyserling, 1881c: 274, pl. 11, f. 4, mf, Peru, originally in Meta, T to Agyroepeira by Keyserling, 1893: 322, pl. 16, f. 237, here by Petrunkevitch, 1911: 330) -- Levi, 1986a: 106.
f adelis Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. a. Levi, 1986a: 134, f. 155-159 (Df).
mf alajuela Levi, 1986....................Costa Rica to Colombia
C. a. Levi, 1986a: 204, f. 711-717 (Dmf).
mf alboguttata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Mexico to Colombia
Meta a. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 2, pl. 1, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira a. Keyserling, 1893: 317, pl. 16, f. 233 (mf).
Meta superans O. P.-Cambridge, 1896a: 217, pl. 28, f. 2 (Dm).
Chrysometa a. Banks, 1898b: 258.
Pseudometa superans F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 445, pl. 42, f. 18 (m).
Pseudometa a. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 446, pl. 42, f. 21 (f).
C. a. Levi, 1986a: 184, f. 5-7, 9, 561-567 (mf, S).
C. a. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 324, f. 6F-G (m).
mf allija Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. a. Levi, 1986a: 163, f. 402-408 (Dmf).
f antonio Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. a. Levi, 1986a: 169, f. 459-462 (Df).
m aramba Levi, 1986....................Brazil
C. a. Levi, 1986a: 144, f. 231-233 (Dm).
mf aureola (Keyserling, 1884)....................Brazil, Trinidad
Zilla a. Keyserling, 1884b: 652, pl. 21, f. 4 (Df).
Zilla a. Keyserling, 1893: 300, pl. 15, f. 221 (f).
Araneus aureolus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 281.
Zygiella a. Roewer, 1942a: 886.
C. a. Levi, 1986a: 168, f. 441-446 (Tf from Zygiella, Dm).
f banos Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 135, f. 170-174 (Df).
mf bella (Banks, 1909)....................Costa Rica
Pseudometa b. Banks, 1909a: 208, pl. 6, f. 30 (Dm).
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 151, f. 293-300 (m, Df).
f bigibbosa (Keyserling, 1864)....................Colombia
Tetragnatha b. Keyserling, 1864: 144, pl. 7, f. 1-2 (Df).
Argyroepeira b. Keyserling, 1893: 330, pl. 17, f. 244 (f).
Meta b. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 361.
Leucauge b. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 273.
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 154, f. 334-340 (Tf from Leucauge).
f bolivari Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 158, f. 351-354 (Df).
mf bolivia Levi, 1986....................Bolivia, Colombia
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 204, f. 703-710 (Dmf).
mf boquete Levi, 1986....................Panama, Colombia
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 138, f. 185-191 (Dmf).
mf boraceia Levi, 1986....................Brazil, Paraguay
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 186, f. 14-15, 568-575 (Dmf).
mf brevipes (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Mexico, Guatemala
Meta b. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 1, pl. 1, f. 3 (Df).
Argyroepeira b. Keyserling, 1893: 316, pl. 16, f. 232 (f).
Pseudometa uncata F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 445, pl. 42, f. 19 (Dm).
Pseudometa b. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 445, pl. 42, f. 20 (f).
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 187, f. 581-587 (f, Sm).
f browni Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 162, f. 389-393 (Df).
f buenaventura Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 180, f. 537-541 (Df).
f buga Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 172, f. 477-481 (Df).
f butamalal Levi, 1986....................Chile
C. b. Levi, 1986a: 125, f. 90-94 (Df).
f cali Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 142, f. 219-222 (Df).
mf calima Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 201, f. 683-690 (Dmf).
mf cambara Levi, 1986....................Brazil
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 192, f. 618-623 (Dmf).
mf carmelo Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 142, f. 223-230 (Dmf).
mf cebolleta Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 182, f. 547-553 (Dmf).
mf chica Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 162, f. 382-388 (Dmf).
mf chipinque Levi, 1986....................Mexico, Guatemala
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 191, f. 612-617 (Dmf).
f choroni Levi, 1986....................Venezuela
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 141, f. 215-218 (Df).
f chulumani Levi, 1986....................Bolivia
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 134, f. 151-154 (Df).
m churitepui Levi, 1986....................Venezuela
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 206, f. 729-730 (Dm).
f claudia Levi, 1986....................Venezuela
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 182, f. 542-546 (Df).
m columbicola Strand, 1916....................Colombia
C. c. Strand, 1916b: 103 (Dm).
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 194, f. 626-627 (m).
f conspersa (Bryant, 1945)....................Hispaniola
Pseudometa c. Bryant, 1945a: 391, f. 29 (Df).
Capichameta c. Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 145, f. 252-256 (f).
mf cornuta (Bryant, 1945)....................Hispaniola
Pseudometa c. Bryant, 1945a: 392, f. 26-28 (Dmf).
Capichameta c. Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 120, f. 4, 41-46 (mf).
mf craigae Levi, 1986....................Costa Rica
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 176, f. 508-514 (Dmf).
mf cuenca Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. c. Levi, 1986a: 158, f. 355-362 (Dmf).
f decolorata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Guatemala
Meta d. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 3, pl. 1, f. 4 (Df).
Pseudometa d. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 446, pl. 42, f. 22 (f).
C. d. Levi, 1986a: 176, f. 501-505 (f).
f digua Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. d. Levi, 1986a: 188, f. 588-592 (Df).
mf distincta (Bryant, 1940)....................Cuba
Pseudometa d. Bryant, 1940: 352, f. 121, 127 (Dmf).
Capichameta d. Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
C. d. Levi, 1986a: 128, f. 106-112 (mf).
mf donachui Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. d. Levi, 1986a: 131, f. 127-133 (Dmf).
f duida Levi, 1986....................Venezuela
C. d. Levi, 1986a: 118, f. 37-40 (Df).
f eberhardi Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. e. Levi, 1986a: 140, f. 203-208 (Df).
f ecarup Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. e. Levi, 1986a: 152, f. 305-309 (Df).
mf eugeni Levi, 1986....................St. Vincent
C. e. Levi, 1986a: 194, f. 628-634 (Dmf).
f explorans (Chamberlin, 1916)....................Peru
Meta e. Chamberlin, 1916: 242, pl. 18, f. 5 (Df).
C. e. Levi, 1986a: 156, f. 341-345 (Tf from Meta).
f fidelia Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. f. Levi, 1986a: 187, f. 576-580 (Df).
mf flava (O. P.-Cambridge, 1894)....................Mexico to Brazil
Meta f. O. P.-Cambridge, 1894a: 135, pl. 18, f. 8 (Dm).
Pseudometa f. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 445, pl. 42, f. 17 (m).
C. f. Levi, 1986a: 180, f. 1-3, 8, 10-12, 530-536 (m, Df).
f flavicans (Caporiacco, 1947)....................Guyana, Surinam, Brazil
Pseudometa f. Caporiacco, 1947a: 24 (Df).
Pseudometa f. Caporiacco, 1948a: 651, f. 60 (f).
Capichameta f. Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
C. f. Levi, 1986a: 195, f. 635-639 (f).
f fuscolimbata (Archer, 1958)....................Jamaica
Metargyra f. Archer, 1958: 5, f. 1O (Df).
C. f. Levi, 1986a: 117, f. 27-31 (Tf from Metargyra).
f guadeloupensis Levi, 1986....................Guadeloupe
C. g. Levi, 1986a: 125, f. 85-89 (Df).
mf guttata (Keyserling, 1881)....................Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil
Zilla g. Keyserling, 1881b: 551, pl. 16, f. 3 (Df).
Zilla g. Keyserling, 1893: 303, pl. 15, f. 224 (f).
Araneus gemellus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 293 (replacement name).
Zygiella g. Roewer, 1942a: 887.
Capichameta ribeiroi Soares & Camargo, 1955: 579, f. 6 (Dm).
Leucauge g. Levi, 1974a: 271 (Tf from Zygiella).
Capichameta riberoi Brignoli, 1983c: 227 (lapsus).
C. g. Levi, 1986a: 183, f. 16-17, 554-560 (Tf from Leucauge, Sm).
mf hamata (Bryant, 1942)....................Puerto Rico
Pseudometa h. Bryant, 1942b: 3, f. 6, 8-9 (Dmf).
Capichameta h. Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
C. h. Levi, 1986a: 121, f. 52-58 (mf).
mf heredia Levi, 1986....................Costa Rica
C. h. Levi, 1986a: 205, f. 718-724 (mf).
m huanuco Levi, 1986....................Peru
C. h. Levi, 1986a: 166, f. 432-434 (Dm).
mf huila Levi, 1986....................Colombia, Ecuador
C. h. Levi, 1986a: 146, f. 262-268 (Dmf).
mf incachaca Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. i. Levi, 1986a: 201, f. 678-682 (Dmf).
f itaimba Levi, 1986....................Brazil
C. i. Levi, 1986a: 178, f. 519-522 (Df).
mf jayuyensis (Petrunkevitch, 1930)....................Puerto Rico
M. raripila Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 339, f. 227-229 (m, misidentified).
Meta j. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 343 (Df).
C. j. Levi, 1986a: 124, f. 78-84 (Tf from Meta, m misidentified as Meta raripila by Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 339 belongs here).
f jelskii Levi, 1986....................Peru
C. j. Levi, 1986a: 175, f. 497-500 (Df).
f jordao Levi, 1986....................Brazil
C. j. Levi, 1986a: 206, f. 725-728 (Df).
mf keyserlingi Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. k. Levi, 1986a: 130, f. 120-126 (Dmf).
mf kochalkai Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. k. Levi, 1986a: 150, f. 281-287 (Dmf).
f lancetilla Levi, 1986....................Honduras
C. l. Levi, 1986a: 191, f. 607-611 (Df).
m lapazensis Levi, 1986....................Bolivia
C. l. Levi, 1986a: 140, f. 199-202 (Dm).
mf lepida (Keyserling, 1881)....................Peru
Meta l. Keyserling, 1881c: 273, pl. 11, f. 3 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira l. Keyserling, 1893: 327, pl. 17, f. 242 (mf).
C. l. Levi, 1986a: 136, f. 180-184 (Tmf from Meta)
f linguiformis (Franganillo, 1930)....................Cuba, Jamaica
Meta l. Franganillo, 1930: 20 (Df; N.B.: omitted by Roewer).
Meta l. Franganillo, 1936c: 94, f. 47 (f).
Pseudometa l. Bryant, 1940: 353, f. 128 (Tf from Meta).
Pseudometa l. Bryant, 1945a: 393, f. 32 (f).
Capichameta l. Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
C. l. Levi, 1986a: 124, f. 73-77 (f).
mf ludibunda (Keyserling, 1893)....................Brazil, Paraguay
Argyroepeira l. Keyserling, 1893: 352, pl. 18, f. 260 (Dmf).
Meta l. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 362.
C. l. Levi, 1986a: 175, f. 491-496 (Tmf from Meta).
mf luisi Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. l. Levi, 1986a: 162, f. 394-401 (Dmf).
f machala Levi, 1986....................Ecuador, Peru
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 178, f. 515-518 (Df).
f macintyrei Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 156, f. 346-350 (Df).
f macuchi Levi, 1986....................Ecuador, Peru
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 196, f. 652-657 (Df).
mf maculata (Bryant, 1945)....................Hispaniola
Metargyra m. Bryant, 1945a: 388, f. 15 (Df).
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 126, f. 99-105 (Tf from Metargyra, Dm).
f magdalena Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 146, f. 257-261 (Df).
f malkini Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 122, f. 63-66 (Df).
f marta Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 131, f. 134-137 (Df).
m merida Levi, 1986....................Venezuela
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 166, f. 429-431 (Dm).
f minuta (Keyserling, 1883)....................Brazil
Meta m. Keyserling, 1883a: 206, pl. 15, f. 10 (Df).
Argyroepeira m. Keyserling, 1893: 321, pl. 16, f. 236 (f).
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 168, f. 13, 435-440 (Tf from Meta).
mf minza Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 159, f. 366-372 (Dmf).
mf monticola (Keyserling, 1883)....................Peru
Meta m. Keyserling, 1883a: 204, pl. 15, f. 9 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira m. Keyserling, 1893: 328, pl. 17, f. 243 (mf).
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 159, f. 363-365 (Tmf from Meta).
f muerte Levi, 1986....................Costa Rica to Colombia
C. m. Levi, 1986a: 198, f. 658-662 (Df).
f niebla Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. n. Levi, 1986a: 172, f. 472-476 (Df).
m nigroventris (Keyserling, 1879)....................Colombia or Panama
Meta n. Keyserling, 1879: 316, pl. 4, f. 17 (Dm).
Argyroepeira n. Keyserling, 1893: 350, pl. 18, f. 258 (m).
Leucauge n. Banks, 1905b: 21.
C. n. Levi, 1986a: 132, f. 143-146 (Tm from Leucauge).
mf nigrovittata (Keyserling, 1865)....................Colombia, Ecuador
Meta n. Keyserling, 1865: 833, pl. 20, f. 1-3 (Dm).
Argyroepeira n. Keyserling, 1893: 324, pl. 16, f. 238 (m).
C. n. Levi, 1986a: 179, f. 523-529 (Tm from Meta, Df).
mf nuboso Levi, 1986....................Costa Rica
C. n. Levi, 1986a: 128, f. 113-119 (Dmf).
f nuevagranada Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. n. Levi, 1986a: 170, f. 463-467 (Df).
f obscura (Bryant, 1945)....................Hispaniola
Pseudometa o. Bryant, 1945a: 394, f. 30 (Df).
Capichameta o. Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
C. o. Levi, 1986a: 145, f. 247-251 (f).
mf opulenta (Keyserling, 1881)....................Peru, Brazil
Meta o. Keyserling, 1881b: 558, pl. 16, f. 9 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira o. Keyserling, 1893: 347, pl. 18, f. 256 (mf).
C. o. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 331.
C. o. Levi, 1986a: 202, f. 691-698 (mf).
f otavalo Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. o. Levi, 1986a: 200, f. 674-677 (Df).
f palenque Levi, 1986....................Mexico to Honduras
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 198, f. 663-666 (Df).
f pecki Levi, 1986....................Jamaica
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 117, f. 23-26 (Df).
f penai Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 148, f. 269-273 (Df).
f pichincha Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 151, f. 301-304 (Df).
mf pilimbala Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 148, f. 274-280 (Dmf).
f plana Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 126, f. 95-98 (Df).
mf poas Levi, 1986....................Mexico to Panama
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 188, f. 593-600 (Dmf).
mf puebla Levi, 1986....................Mexico
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 195, f. 640-646 (Dmf).
mf purace Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. p. Levi, 1986a: 166, f. 421-428 (Dmf).
m ramon Levi, 1986....................Peru
C. r. Levi, 1986a: 194, f. 624-625 (Dm).
m raripila (Keyserling, 1893)....................Brazil
Argyroepeira r. Keyserling, 1893: 354, pl. 18, f. 261 (Dm).
Meta r. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 363.
C. r. Levi, 1986a: 124, f. 71-72 (Tm from Meta).
f rincon Levi, 1986....................Mexico
C. r. Levi, 1986a: 174, f. 487-490 (Df).
f rubromaculata (Keyserling, 1864)....................Colombia or Panama
Tetragnatha rubro-maculata Keyserling, 1864: 150, pl. 7, f. 15-16 (Df).
Argyroepeira r. Keyserling, 1893: 332, pl. 17, f. 245 (f).
C. r. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 331.
C. r. Levi, 1986a: 174, f. 482-486 (f; m of Keyserling, 1893=C. alboguttata).
f sabana Levi, 1986....................Hispaniola
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 122, f. 67-70 (Df).
mf saladito Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 140, f. 192-198 (Dmf).
f saramacca Levi, 1986....................Surinam, Venezuela, Peru
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 120, f. 47-51 (Df).
f satulla (Keyserling, 1881)....................Peru
Meta s. Keyserling, 1881b: 556, pl. 16, f. 7 (Df).
Argyroepeira s. Keyserling, 1893: 339, pl. 17, f. 250 (f).
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 136, f. 175-179 (Tf from Meta).
f satura Levi, 1986....................Costa Rica
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 150, f. 288-292 (Df).
f schneblei Levi, 1986....................Colombia, Ecuador
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 135, f. 160-164 (Df).
f serachui Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 135, f. 165-169 (Df).
f sevillano Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 134, f. 147-150 (Df).
f sicki Levi, 1986....................Brazil
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 121, f. 59-62 (Df).
f sondo Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 132, f. 138-142 (Df).
f sumare Levi, 1986....................Brazil
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 170, f. 468-471 (Df).
f sztolcmani Levi, 1986....................Peru
C. s. Levi, 1986a: 160, f. 378-381 (Df).
f tenuipes (Keyserling, 1864) *....................Colombia
Tetragnatha t. Keyserling, 1864: 147, pl. 7, f. 12-14 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira t. Keyserling, 1893: 335, pl. 17, f. 247 (mf).
C. t. Simon, 1895a: 736.
C. t. Levi, 1986a: 196, f. 647-651 (f; Keyserling's m=C. bolivia).
f tinajillas Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. t. Levi, 1986a: 160, f. 373-377 (Df).
mf troya Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. t. Levi, 1986a: 164, f. 20-22, 413-420 (Dmf).
f tungurahua Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. t. Levi, 1986a: 202, f. 699-702 (Df).
f uaza Levi, 1986....................Ecuador, Colombia
C. u. Levi, 1986a: 190, f. 601-606 (Df).
m unicolor (Keyserling, 1881)....................Colombia or Panama
Meta u. Keyserling, 1881b: 566, pl. 16, f. 15 (Dm).
Argyroepeira u. Keyserling, 1893: 349, pl. 18, f. 257 (m).
C. u. Levi, 1986a: 176, f. 506-507 (Tm from Meta).
mf universitaria Levi, 1986....................Costa Rica, Panama
C. u. Levi, 1986a: 200, f. 667-673 (Dmf).
f ura Levi, 1986....................Ecuador
C. u. Levi, 1986a: 163, f. 409-412 (Df).
mf utcuyacu Levi, 1986....................Peru
C. u. Levi, 1986a: 141, f. 209-214 (Dmf).
f valle Levi, 1986....................Colombia
C. v. Levi, 1986a: 169, f. 454-458 (Df).
mf xavantina Levi, 1986....................Brazil
C. x. Levi, 1986a: 169, f. 447-453 (Dmf).
f yotoco Levi, 1986....................Colombia, Venezuela
C. y. Levi, 1986a: 144, f. 241-246 (Df).
f yungas Levi, 1986....................Bolivia
C. y. Levi, 1986a: 118, f. 32-36 (Df).
mf yunque Levi, 1986....................Puerto Rico
C. y. Levi, 1986a: 144, f. 234-240 (Dmf).
mf zelotypa (Keyserling, 1883)....................Costa Rica to Peru
Epeira z. Keyserling, 1883a: 202, pl. 15, f. 7 (Df).
Epeira z. Keyserling, 1892: 141, pl. 7, f. 104 (f).
Araneus zelotypus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 325.
Meta alticola Berland, 1913b: 90, pl. 8, f. 31-35 (Dmf).
C. z. Levi, 1986a: 152, f. 21, 310-333 (Tf from Araneus, Sm).
f clathrata Simon, 1907....................Guinea-Bissau
C. c. Simon, 1907d: 283 (Df).
mf episinoides Simon, 1889 *....................Madagascar, Comoro Is.
C. e. Simon, 1889b: 226 (Df).
C. e. Simon, 1894a: 756, f. 834 (f).
C. e. Schmidt & Jocqué, 1986: 211, f. 6 (m).
C. e. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 330, f. 9D-E (m).
f perroti Simon, 1894....................Madagascar
C. p. Simon, 1894a: 756 (Df).
f simoni Benoit, 1962....................Congo
C. s. Benoit, 1962b: 222, f. 4-6 (Df).
f thisbe Simon, 1903....................Sri Lanka
C. t. Simon, 1903d: 24 (Df).
Transferred to other genera:
C. bella (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896) -- see Agriognatha.
C. lepida (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889) -- see Agriognatha.
C. pachygnathoides (O. P.-Cambridge, 1894) -- see Agriognatha.
C. producta Franganillo, 1930 -- see Tetragnatha.
?? aproducta Franganillo, 1926....................Cuba
C. a. Franganillo, 1926a: 52 (D; N.B.: omitted by Roewer).
f exilima Mello-Leitão, 1943....................Brazil
C. e. Mello-Leitão, 1943a: 176 (Df).
C. exillima Brignoli, 1983c: 221 (lapsus).
f globosa Petrunkevitch, 1925....................Panama
C. g. Petrunkevitch, 1925a: 123, f. 42 (Df).
m nigrovittata Keyserling, 1881 *....................Peru
C. n. Keyserling, 1881c: 276, pl. 11, f. 5 (Dm).
mf serrata Simon, 1897....................St. Vincent
C. s. Simon, 1897d: 870 (Dmf).
f pulcher melanius Rainbow, 1916....................Queensland
D. pulchra melania Rainbow, 1916a: 89, pl. 21, f. 12 (Df).
mf zelivira Keyserling, 1887 *....................Australia, Tasmania
Meta z. Keyserling, 1887a: 210, pl. 19, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
D. z. Simon, 1894a: 749.
mf deelemanae Song & Zhu, 1994 *....................China
D. d. Song & Zhu, 1994: 41, f. 6A-D (Dmf).
D. d. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 212, f. 119K-M (mf).
m bicolor Vellard, 1926....................Brazil
D. b. Vellard, 1926: 328, f. 1 (Dm).
mf limbata Simon, 1896....................Chile, Argentina
D. l. Simon, 1896c: 144 (Df).
D. bilineata Tullgren, 1901b: 216, pl. 17, f. 3 (Df).
D. pallida Tullgren, 1902: 29, pl. 3, f. 2, 2c (Dmf).
D. l. Simon, 1902h: 27.
D. l. Tanikawa, 1995b: 107, f. 20-21, 23-24 (f, Sm).
mf macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849 *....................Chile
D. m. Nicolet, 1849: 406 (Df).
D. crassipes Nicolet, 1849: 406 (Df).
D. brevipes Nicolet, 1849: 407 (Dmf).
D. longipes Nicolet, 1849: 407 (Dm).
D. m. Simon, 1889a: 217.
D. m. Simon, 1894a: 714.
D. rugosa Tullgren, 1902: 31, pl. 3, f. 3 (Df).
D. m. Tanikawa, 1995b: 106, f. 17-18 (f, S).
mf okumae Tanikawa, 1995....................Japan
D. o. Tanikawa, 1995b: 102, f. 1-13 (Dmf).
mf pumila Simon, 1888....................Madagascar
D. p. Simon, 1889b: 226 (Dm).
D. p. Simon, 1894a: 740, f. 823-824 (m).
D. p. Tanikawa, 1995b: 103, f. 19 (f).
f simoni Kauri, 1950....................South Africa
D. s. Kauri, 1950: 8, f. 6 (Df).
mf spinifera Tullgren, 1902....................Chile
D. s. Tullgren, 1902: 26, pl. 2, f. 4, pl. 3, f. 1 (Dmf).
D. s. Wunderlich, 1986: 219, f. 230-231 (m).
D. s. Tanikawa, 1995b: 110, f. 22, 25-26 (mf).
f taiwanica Tanikawa, 1995....................Taiwan
D. t. Tanikawa, 1995b: 105, f. 14-16 (Df).
D. t. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 119N (f).
In synonymy:
D. tuberculata (Keyserling, 1893) = D. pentagona (Hentz, 1850) (Bryant & Archer, 1940: 61, sub Nicholasia).
f aethiopica Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
D. a. Tullgren, 1910: 155, pl. 4, f. 90 (Df).
mf baforti (Legendre, 1967)....................Congo
Landana b. Legendre, 1967b: 93, f. 1-5 (Dmf).
mf cygnea (Simon, 1893)....................Venezuela
Landana c. Simon, 1893d: 329 (Dmf).
Landana c. Simon, 1895a: 732, f. 814-815 (m).
m ducke Lise, 1993....................Brazil
D. d. Lise, 1993: 97, f. 14-18 (Dm).
f edwardsi (Simon, 1904)....................Chile
Landana e. Simon, 1904e: 94 (Df).
m kratochvili (Lessert, 1938)....................Congo
Landana k. Lessert, 1938: 439, f. 20-25 (Dm).
f lodiculafaciens (Hingston, 1932)....................Guyana
Epeira l. Hingston, 1932: 365 (Df).
Cyrtophora l. Levi, 1995b: 209 (Tf from Araneus).
D. l. Eberhard, in Levi, 1997: 252 (Tf from Cyrtophora).
mf longiceps (Thorell, 1895)....................Myanmar
Prolochus l. Thorell, 1895: 122 (Dmf).
Prolochus l. Simon, 1895a: 932, f. 1004 (m).
m mandibularis (Thorell, 1894)....................Sumatra
Paraebius m. Thorell, 1894a: 44 (Dm).
m maturaca Lise, 1993....................Brazil
D. m. Lise, 1993: 96, f. 1-13 (Dm).
m minuscula (Mello-Leitão, 1940)....................Guyana
Cyclosa m. Mello-Leitão, 1940c: 179, f. 4-5 (Dm).
D. m. Levi, 1981a: 280 (Tm from Cyclosa).
m nietneri O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 *....................Sri Lanka
D. n. O. P.-Cambridge, 1869b: 388, pl. 12, f. 39-45 (Dm).
D. n. Simon, 1894a: 743, f. 822 (m).
mf pentagona (Hentz, 1850)....................USA to Venezuela
Epeira p. Hentz, 1850: 18, pl. 3, f. 1 (Df).
Cyrtophora tuberculata Keyserling, 1893: 265, pl. 14, f. 197 (Df).
Cyrtophora tuberculata McCook, 1894: 236, pl. 17, f. 11 (f).
D. diversa O. P.-Cambridge, 1895a: 147, pl. 20, f. 9 (Df).
D. tuberculata Simon, 1897d: 872.
Araneus pentagonus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 309.
Nicholasia p. Bryant & Archer, 1940: 61, f. 1A-B (Tf from Araneus, Sm).
D. tuberculata Kraus, 1955b: 27, f. 75 (f).
D. p. Levi, 1981a: 282, f. 1-15 (mf).
D. p. Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 50 (m).
D. p. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 326, f. 7F-G (m).
mf petiti (Simon, 1884)....................Congo, Bioko
Landana p. Simon, 1884p: 185, f. 1-5 (Dm).
Landana p. Simon, 1895a: 737, f. 812-813, 816 (m).
Landana p. Simon, 1907d: 280 (Df).
f proserpina (Mello-Leitão, 1943)....................Brazil
Landana p. Mello-Leitão, 1943a: 181 (Df).
f quadrituberculata (Keyserling, 1883)....................Peru
Meta q. Keyserling, 1883a: 207, pl. 15, f. 11 (Df).
Argyroepeira q. Keyserling, 1893: 319, pl. 16, f. 235 (f).
Mecynometa q. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 361.
D. q. Levi, 1981a: 280 (Tf from Mecynometa).
mf richardi (Marples, 1955)....................Samoa
Afiamalu r. Marples, 1955a: 495, pl. 58, f. 6-7, 10 (Dmf).
mf spinosa (Petrunkevitch, 1939)....................Panama
Landana s. Petrunkevitch, 1939c: 497, f. 1-9, 20 (Dm).
Landana s. Chickering, 1943a: 317, f. 1-8 (Df).
mf tigrina Simon, 1893....................West Indies, northern South America
D. tigrina Simon, 1893d: 330 (Dm).
D. tigrina Simon, 1894a: 740, f. 825 (m).
Nicholasia t. Archer, 1958: 4, f. 9 (removed m from S of D. tuberculata=pentagona, Df).
mf umbrophila Tanikawa, 1991....................Okinawa Is.
D. u. Tanikawa, 1991c: 38, f. 1-10 (Dmf).
In synonymy:
D. atlantica Holm, 1969 = D. argyrostilba (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876) (Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 346).
D. nipponica (Kishida, 1936, T from Glenognatha) = D. quadrimaculata Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 (Yaginuma, in Brignoli, 1983c: 220).
mf argyrostilba (O. P.-Cambridge, 1876)....................Egypt, Cameroon, Congo, St. Helena
Pachygnatha a. O. P.-Cambridge, 1876b: 573, pl. 59, f. 8 (Dmf).
Pachygnatha (D.) a. Pavesi, 1895a: 504.
D. atlantica Holm, 1969: 63, f. 1-5 (Dm).
D. atlantica Benoit, 1977i: 160, f. 69a-e (m).
D. a. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 346, f. 132-147 (mf, S).
mf bedoti Simon, 1893 *....................Borneo
D. b. Simon, 1893f: 323 (Df).
D. b. Bedot, 1909: 146 (Dm).
mf dentata Zhu & Wen, 1978....................Bangladesh to China, Japan
D. d. Zhu & Wen, 1978: 16, f. 1-9 (Dmf).
D. d. Hu, 1984: 133, f. 135.1-8 (mf).
D. d. Chen & Gao, 1990: 74, f. 93a-e (mf).
D. d. Okuma, 1991a: 15, f. 1, 2A-F, 3A (m).
D. d. Okuma et al., 1993: 31, f. 28A-C (m).
D. d. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 119O-R (m).
mf hawigtenera Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
D. h. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 490, f. 300a-e, 301a-g (Dmf).
m lobata Vellard, 1926....................Brazil
D. l. Vellard, 1926: 329, f. 2 (Dm).
mf montana Simon, 1897....................Venezuela, St. Vincent
D. m. Simon, 1897d: 868 (Dmf).
mf oceanica Berland, 1929....................Samoa
D. o. Berland, 1929b: 57, f. 41-44 (Dm).
D. o. Marples, 1955a: 490, pl. 59, f. 17 (Df).
mf quadrimaculata Bösenberg & Strand, 1906....................Russia, China, Korea, Japan
D. q. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 175, pl. 3, f. 9, pl. 15, f. 425 (Dm).
Glenognatha nipponica Kishida, 1936c: 65, f. 1-4 (Df).
D. q. Yin, 1976: 126, pl. XIII.1-12 (mf).
D. q. Paik & Namkung, 1979: 50, f. 32 (m).
D. q. Song, 1980: 129, f. 68a-h (mf).
D. q. Yaginuma, in Brignoli, 1983c: 220 (S).
D. q. Hu, 1984: 135, f. 136.1-4 (mf).
D. q. Guo, 1985: 78, f. 2-28.1-7 (mf).
D. q. Yaginuma, 1986a: 136, f. 72.2 (m).
D. q. Zhang, 1987: 91, f. 74.1-6 (mf).
D. q. Chikuni, 1989b: 90, f. 2 (m).
D. q. Feng, 1990: 103, f. 78.1-6 (m).
D. q. Chen & Gao, 1990: 75, f. 94a-e (mf).
D. q. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 121, f. 116.1-12 (mf).
D. q. Okuma, 1991a: 15, f. 3B (m).
D. q. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 43, f. 1. 26 (m).
D. q. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 120A-B, G (m).
mf tenera (Karsch, 1879)....................China, Korea, Japan
Pachygnatha t. Karsch, 1879g: 64 (Dj).
D. t. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 174, pl. 15, f. 432 (Dmf).
D. t. Yin, 1976: 126, pl. XIV.1-12 (mf).
D. t. Paik & Namkung, 1979: 50, f. 33 (m).
D. t. Song, 1980: 130, f. 69a-g (mf).
D. t. Hu, 1984: 135, f. 137.1-5 (mf).
D. t. Guo, 1985: 77, f. 2-29.1-8 (mf).
D. t. Yaginuma, 1986a: 136, f. 72.3 (m).
D. t. Zhang, 1987: 92, f. 75.1-6 (mf).
D. t. Chikuni, 1989b: 90, f. 1 (m).
D. t. Chen & Gao, 1990: 76, f. 95a-e (mf).
D. t. Okuma, 1991a: 15, f. 3C (m).
D. t. Zhao, 1993: 265, f. 125a-b (mf).
D. t. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 44, f. 2, 27 (m).
D. t. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 120C-D, H-I (m).
m upoluensis Marples, 1955....................Samoa, Niue, Aitutaki
D. u. Marples, 1955a: 491, pl. 59, f. 19-21 (Dm).
mf yiliensis Hu & Wu, 1985....................China
D. y. Hu & Wu, 1985: 95, f. 1.1-10 (Dmf).
D. y. Hu & Wu, 1989: 109, f. 85.1-10 (mf).
D. y. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 120E-F, J-K (m).
mf purpurapunctata (Urquhart, 1889) *....................New Zealand
Linyphia purpura-puncatata Urquhart, 1889a: 134 (Dmf).
Linyphia nitidulum Urquhart, 1889a: 136 (Df).
Erycina violacea Urquhart, 1891a: 151, pl. 21, f. 4, 14, 17 (Dmf).
E. p. Strand, 1912b: 346.
Eryciniola p. Bryant, 1933b: 20, pl. 4, f. 33, pl. 5, f. 49 (mf).
Eryciniola purpureopunctata Forster, 1980: 281, f. 19 (f).
Transferred to other genera:
G. nipponica Kishida, 1936 -- see Dyschiriognatha.
Homonym replaced:
G. chamberlini Caporiacco, 1947 -- see G. caporiaccoi.
m argenteoguttata (Berland, 1935)....................Marquesas Is.
Hivaoa a. Berland, 1935: 51, f. 16-19 (Dm).
mf australis (Keyserling, 1883)....................Peru
Pachygnatha a. Keyserling, 1883a: 211 (Dmf).
G. a. Simon, 1894a: 716.
m caporiaccoi Platnick, 1993....................Guyana
G. chamberlini Caporiacco, 1947a: 23 (Dm; N.B.: preoccupied by Hivaoa chamberlini Berland, 1942).
G. chamberlini Caporiacco, 1948a: 644, f. 46 (m).
G. c. Platnick, 1993c: 373 (replacement name).
m centralis Chamberlin, 1925....................Panama
G. c. Chamberlin, 1925d: 216 (Dm).
G. c. Hormiga & Döbel, 1990: 201, f. 18-24 (m).
f chamberlini (Berland, 1942)....................Austral Is.
Hivaoa c. Berland, 1942: 18, f. 7e-g (Df).
mf emertoni Simon, 1887 *....................USA
G. e. Simon, 1887d: 194 (Dm).
G. e. Simon, 1894a: 717, f. 790-791 (m).
G. e. Banks, 1913: 180, pl. 2, f. 22 (m).
G. e. Levi, 1980a: 66, f. 255-271 (m, Df).
mf foxi (McCook, 1894)....................USA to Panama
Theridium f. McCook, 1894: 402, pl. 29, f. 1 (D).
Mysmena bulbifera Banks, 1896e: 66 (Dmf).
Mysmena bulbifera Banks, 1904c: 126, pl. 7, f. 12-13 (m).
Mysmena bulbifera Barrows, 1919a: 210, f. 1-2 (mf).
Diplocephalus crumbi Petrunkevitch, 1925c: 171, pl. 8, f. 1 (Dm).
Glenognatha f. Crosby & Bishop, 1928b: 1055.
Mimognatha f. Banks, 1929: 90.
Mimognatha f. Kaston, 1945b: 7, f. 27 (f).
Mimognatha f. Kaston, 1948: 264, f. 834-835 (m).
G. f. Levi, 1980a: 68, f. 272-284 (mf).
G. f. Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 48 (m).
G. f. Breene et al., 1993: 107, f. 167A-C (mf).
m gaujoni Simon, 1895....................Ecuador
G. g. Simon, 1895g: 151 (Dm).
m gloriae (Petrunkevitch, 1930)....................Puerto Rico
Diplocephalus g. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 224, f. 72-74 (Dm).
Mimognatha g. Crosby & Bishop, 1933b: 108.
mf heleios Hormiga, 1990....................USA
G. h. Hormiga, in Hormiga & Döbel, 1990: 197, f. 1-14 (Dmf).
G. h. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 326, f. 7H-I (m).
f hirsutissima (Berland, 1935)....................Marquesas Is.
Hivaoa h. Berland, 1935: 52, f. 20-23 (Df).
m iviei Levi, 1980....................USA
G. i. Levi, 1980a: 69, f. 285-289 (Dm).
mf lacteovittata (Mello-Leitão, 1944)....................Argentina
Oedothorax lacteovittatus Mello-Leitão, 1944b: 327, f. 9 (Dm).
G. l. Ramírez, 1996b: 35, f. 1-10 (Tm from Oedothorax, Df).
mf maelfaiti Baert, 1987....................Galapagos Is.
G. m. Baert, 1987b: 141, f. 1-7 (Dmf).
m minuta Banks, 1898....................Mexico
G. m. Banks, 1898b: 218, pl. 15, f. 15 (Dm).
G. m. Hormiga & Döbel, 1990: 202, f. 25-30 (m).
f mira Bryant, 1945....................Hispaniola
G. m. Bryant, 1945a: 405 (Df).
m nigromaculata (Berland, 1933)....................Marquesas Is.
Dyschiriognatha n. Berland, 1933b: 64, f. 46-48 (Dm).
Hivaoa n. Berland, 1935: 36, 41, 50 (Tm from Dyschiriognatha).
f phalangiops (Berland, 1942)....................Austral Is.
Hivaoa p. Berland, 1942: 18, f. 7a-d (Df).
m smilodon Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon
G. s. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 348, f. 148-157 (Dm).
mf spherella Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936....................Mexico
G. s. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 66, pl. 17, f. 154-156 (Dmf).
mf quadrata Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997 *....................China
G. q. Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997: 4, f. 3A-H (Dmf).
G. q. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 120L-O, 130F (mf).
mf ornatissima (Doleschall, 1859) *....................India to China, Malaysia, New Guinea
Epeira o. Doleschall, 1859: 32, pl. 1, f. 5 (Df).
Epeira multipuncta Doleschall, 1859: 32, pl. 11, f. 1 (Df).
Epeira mammillaris Stoliczka, 1869: 236, pl. 20, f. 12 (Df).
H. multipuncta Thorell, 1877b: 371.
H. o. Simon, 1894a: 759, f. 828, 835 (f, Dm).
H. o. Chrysanthus, 1971: 41, f. 85-86 (f).
H. o. Tikader, 1982a: 106, f. 202-204 (f).
H. o. Feng, 1990: 86, f. 61.1-6 (mf).
H. o. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 334, f. 11A-B, E-F (m).
H. o. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 120P-R (mf).
f papuana Thorell, 1881....................New Guinea
H. p. Thorell, 1881: 77 (Df).
f sampitana Karsch, 1880....................Borneo
H. s. Karsch, 1880c: 381 (Df).
m guttata Bryant, 1945 *....................Hispaniola
H. g. Bryant, 1945a: 406, f. 36 (Dm).
mf nigritarsis Simon, 1897 *....................Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Panama
H. n. Simon, 1897d: 872 (Dmf).
H. n. Levi, 1986a: 209, f. 731-739 (mf).
f nossa Levi, 1986....................Brazil
H. n. Levi, 1986a: 211, f. 747 (Df).
Transferred to other genera:
L. bigibbosa (Keyserling, 1864) -- see Chrysometa.
L. culta (O. P.-Cambridge, 1869) -- see Tylorida.
L. fastigata (Simon, 1877) -- see Opadometa.
L. fastuosa (Thorell, 1877) -- see Opadometa.
L. gemmea (Hasselt, 1882) -- see Mesida.
L. grata (Guérin, 1838) -- see Opadometa.
L. guttata (Keyserling, 1880) -- see Chrysometa.
L. lepida (Keyserling, 1893) -- see Chrysometa.
L. nigroventris (Keyserling, 1880) -- see Chrysometa.
L. pumila (Thorell, 1877) -- see Mesida.
L. setigera F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903 -- see Pickardinella.
L. ventralis (Thorell, 1877) -- see Tylorida.
In synonymy:
L. aurulenta (C. L. Koch, 1845) = L. argyra (Walckenaer, 1842) (Levi, 1980a: 28).
L. blanda japonica (Thorell, 1881) = L. blanda (L. Koch, 1878) (Yaginuma, 1954a: 4).
L. mabelae Archer, 1951 = L. venusta (Walckenaer, 1842) (Levi, 1980a: 25).
L. retracta Chamberlin, 1924 = L. celebesiana (Walckenaer, 1842) (Song & Zhu, 1992b: 112).
L. subblanda Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = L. celebesiana (Walckenaer, 1842) (Song & Zhu, 1992b: 112).
L. szechuensis Schenkel, 1936 = L. blanda (L. Koch, 1878) (Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213).
L. veterascens Chamberlin, 1924 = L. celebesiana (Walckenaer, 1842) (Song, 1988: 127, sub L. retracta).
Nomen nudum:
L. coreana Kambe (Yaginuma, in Brignoli, 1983c: 226).
Nomen dubium:
L. bivertex (Workman, 1900: 125, f, Singapore, originally in Argyroepeira) -- omitted by Roewer and Bonnet.
f abbajae Strand, 1907....................Ethiopia
L. a. Strand, 1907a: 532 (Df).
L. a. Strand, 1907n: 605 (Df).
f abyssinica Strand, 1907....................Ethiopia
L. a. Strand, 1907a: 532 (Df).
L. a. Strand, 1907n: 599 (Df).
f acuminata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Central America
Argyroepeira a. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 5, pl. 1, f. 6 (Df).
Argyroepeira a. Keyserling, 1893: 364, pl. 19, f. 271 (f).
Argyroepeira a. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 442, pl. 42, f. 10 (f).
L. a. Banks, 1909a: 208.
m albomaculata (Thorell, 1899)....................Cameroon
Argyroepeira albo-maculata Thorell, 1899: 33 (Dm).
mf amanica Strand, 1907....................East Africa
L. a. Strand, 1907a: 531 (Df).
L. a. Strand, 1907n: 597 (Df).
L. a. Tullgren, 1910: 153, pl. 3, f. 78, 80, 82 (f, Dm).
f analis (Thorell, 1899)....................Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea
Argyroepeira a. Thorell, 1899: 32 (Df).
f annulipedella Strand, 1911....................Kei Is.
L. a. Strand, 1911d: 140, pl. 4, f. 8, pl. 5, f. 47 (Df).
f apicata (Thorell, 1899)....................Cameroon
Callinethis a. Thorell, 1899: 30 (Df).
f arbitrariana Strand, 1913....................Bismarck Arch.
L. a. Strand, 1913d: 116 (Df).
L. a. Strand, 1915d: 202, pl. 16, f. 46 (f).
mf argentata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1869)....................India, Sri Lanka, New Guinea
Tetragnatha a. O. P.-Cambridge, 1869b: 392, pl. 13, f. 76-82 (Dmf).
L. a. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 460.
L. a. Chrysanthus, 1975: 18, f. 76 (m).
f argentata marginata Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
L. a. m. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 460 (Df).
L. a. m. Chrysanthus, 1963: 731, f. 10, 15-17 (f).
f argentea (Keyserling, 1865)....................Mexico, Colombia
Meta a. Keyserling, 1865: 834, pl. 20, f. 6-7 (Df).
Argyroepeira a. Keyserling, 1893: 326, pl. 17, f. 241 (f).
L. a. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 442.
f argenteanigra (Karsch, 1884)....................São Tomé
Meta argentea-nigra Karsch, 1884a: 67 (Df).
L. argenteonigra Roewer, 1942a: 999.
f argentina (Hasselt, 1882)....................Singapore, Sumatra, Philippines, Taiwan
Theridion argentinum Hasselt, 1882: 34, pl. 2, f. 5 (Df).
Argyroepeira a. Thorell, 1890a: 199.
Argyroepeira a. Workman, 1896: 54, pl. 54 (f).
L. a. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 543, f. 336a-e (f).
L. a. Tso & Tanikawa, 2000: 126, f. 1-6 (mf).
f argentina nigriceps Thorell, 1890....................Malaysia
Argyroepeira a. n. Thorell, 1890d: 297 (Df).
mf argyra (Walckenaer, 1842)....................USA to Brazil
Tetragnatha a. Walckenaer, 1842: 219, pl. 19, f. 1 (Dmf).
Linyphia aurulenta C. L. Koch, 1845: 127, f. 1049 (Df).
Linyphia ornata Taczanowski, 1874: 66 (Dmf).
Meta a. Keyserling, 1881b: 563, pl. 16, f. 12 (mf).
Argyroepeira a. McCook, 1894: 243, pl. 24, f. 2-3 (mf).
Argyroepeira a. Keyserling, 1893: 343, pl. 18, f. 253 (mf).
Argyroepeira a. Simon, 1894a: 730, f. 806 (m).
Argyroepeira aurulenta Simon, 1897d: 871.
Plesiometa a. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 438, pl. 41, f. 15-16 (mf).
L. a. Banks, 1909b: 163.
L. a. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 265, f. 119-120 (mf).
L. aurulenta Archer, 1951a: 6, f. 5-6 (mf, removed from S of L. venusta).
Plesiometa a. Archer, 1951a: 7, f. 7 (m).
L. a. Levi, 1980a: 28, f. 60-71 (mf, S).
L. a. Nentwig, 1993: 121, f. 131a-c (m).
f argyrescens Benoit, 1978....................Seychelles
L. a. Benoit, 1978f: 671, f. 3E-F (Df).
L. a. Locket, 1980: 122, f. 26-28 (f).
m argyroaffinis Soares & Camargo, 1948....................Brazil
L. argyro-affinis Soares & Camargo, 1948a: 381, f. 40-42 (Dm).
f argyrobapta (White, 1841) *....................Brazil
Linyphia a. White, 1841: 473 (Df).
L. a. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 355.
f atrostricta Badcock, 1932....................Paraguay
L. a. Badcock, 1932: 14, f. 10 (Df).
mf aurocincta (Thorell, 1877)....................Sulawesi, Amboina
Meta auro-cincta Thorell, 1877b: 418 (Dmf).
Callinethis a. Thorell, 1890a: 193.
f auronotum Strand, 1907....................South Africa
L. a. Strand, 1907a: 532 (Df).
L. a. Strand, 1907n: 603 (Df).
mf aurostriata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1897)....................Mexico, Panama
Argyroepeira auro-striata O. P.-Cambridge, 1897: 230, pl. 29, f. 2-3 (Dmf).
L. a. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 441, pl. 42, f. 3-4 (mf).
f badiensis Roewer, 1961....................Senegal
L. b. Roewer, 1961b: 62, f. 20a-e (Df).
f beata (Pocock, 1901)....................India
Argyroepeira b. Pocock, 1901d: 481 (Df).
mf bengalensis Gravely, 1921....................India
L. b. Gravely, 1921b: 455, f. 8f-g (Dmf).
L. b. Tikader, 1982a: 72, f. 143-146 (f).
mf bituberculata Baert, 1987....................Galapagos Is.
L. b. Baert, 1987b: 143, f. 8-15 (Dmf).
mf blanda (L. Koch, 1878)....................Russia, China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
Meta b. L. Koch, 1878c: 743, pl. 15, f. 5 (Df).
Meta japonica Thorell, 1881: 126 (Df).
L. b. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 182, pl. 3, f. 8, pl. 15, f. 394 (f, Dm).
L. b. japonica Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 184.
L. szechuensis Schenkel, 1936b: 93, f. 33 (Df).
L. b. Nakatsudi, 1942a: 309, f. 22 (f).
L. b. Yaginuma, 1953: 28, f. 1 (f).
L. b. Yaginuma, 1954a: 2, f. 3-4, 8, 12 (mf, S).
L. b. Saito, 1959: 111, f. 134a-d (mf).
L. b. Yaginuma, 1960: 70, f. 66.2, 4 (mf).
L. b. Lee, 1966: 55, f. 18e-g (mf).
L. b. Chu & Okuma, 1970: 72, f. 3A-C (mf).
L. b. Yaginuma, 1971: 70, f. 66.2, 4 (mf).
L. b. Yin, 1976: 120, pl. I.1-12 (mf).
L. b. Song, 1980: 114, f. 58a-g (mf).
L. b. Hu, 1984: 136, f. 138.1-8 (mf).
L. b. Yaginuma, 1986a: 127, f. 68.2 (mf).
L. b. Song, 1987: 181, f. 140 (f).
L. b. Chikuni, 1989b: 91, f. 5 (mf).
L. b. Feng, 1990: 104, f. 79.1-10 (mf).
L. b. Chen & Gao, 1990: 77, f. 96a-f (mf).
L. b. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 120, f. 114.1-10 (mf).
L. b. Zhao, 1993: 266, f. 126a-d (mf).
L. b. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 46, f. 3, 28, 50 (mf).
L. b. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 121A-B, Q-R, 130G-H (mf, S).
f bontoc Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
L. b. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 544, f. 337a-e (Df).
f branicki (Taczanowski, 1874)....................Guyana
Linyphia branickii Taczanowski, 1874: 67 (Df).
Meta b. Keyserling, 1881b: 565, pl. 16, f. 14 (f).
Argyroepeira b. Keyserling, 1893: 346, pl. 18, f. 255 (f).
Chrysometa b. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 330.
L. b. Levi, 1986a: 105 (Tf from Chrysometa).
mf brevitibialis Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
L. b. Tullgren, 1910: 155, pl. 3, f. 86 (Dm).
L. b. Caporiacco, 1949a: 346, f. 15 (Df).
f cabindae (Brito Capello, 1866)....................West Africa
Tetragnatha c. Brito Capello, 1866: 86, pl. 2, f. 5 (Df).
L. c. Simon, 1907d: 277.
f camelina Caporiacco, 1940....................Ethiopia
L. c. Caporiacco, 1940c: 805, f. 20 (Df).
f camerunensis Strand, 1907....................Cameroon
L. c. Strand, 1907n: 602 (Df).
f capelloi Simon, 1903....................Equatorial Guinea
L. c. Simon, 1903e: 80 (Df).
f caucaensis Strand, 1908....................Colombia
L. c. Strand, 1908c: 1 (Df).
f caudata Hogg, 1914....................New Guinea
L. c. Hogg, 1914a: 57 (Df).
L. c. Hogg, 1915a: 455, f. 27 (f).
mf celebesiana (Walckenaer, 1842)....................India to China, Japan, Sulawesi, New Guinea
Tetragnatha c. Walckenaer, 1842: 222 (Df).
Epeira nigro-trivittata Doleschall, 1859: 39, pl. 11, f. 5 (Df).
Meta c. Simon, 1885a: 38.
Meta nigrotrivittata Simon, 1885a: 38.
Argyroepeira nigrotrivittata Thorell, 1890a: 198 (Dm).
Argyroepeira nigrotrivittata Simon, 1894a: 728, f. 801 (f).
Argyroepeira c. Simon, 1894a: 730, f. 807-808 (Dm).
L. nigrotrivittata Simon, 1905c: 61.
L. subblanda Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 184, pl. 15, f. 406 (Df).
L. c. Hogg, 1919: 89, pl. 8, f. 4 (f).
L. c. Gravely, 1921b: 454, f. 8b-c.
L. retracta Chamberlin, 1924a: 13, pl. 3, f. 25-26 (Dmf).
L. veterascens Chamberlin, 1924a: 13, pl. 3, f. 27 (Df).
L. c. Sherriffs, 1936: 111, f. 1 (f).
L. c. Roewer, 1938: 46, f. 30-31 (mf).
L. c. Nakatsudi, 1943a: 161, f. 10a-b (f).
L. subblanda Yaginuma, 1954a: 2, f. 9, 15 (f).
L. subblanda Saito, 1959: 111, f. 135a-e (f).
L. subblanda Yaginuma, 1960: 70, f. 66.5 (f).
L. c. Tikader, 1966b: 12, f. 21-23 (f).
L. c. Tikader, 1970: 42, f. 24a-c (f).
L. subblanda Yaginuma, 1971: 70, f. 66.5 (f).
L. c. Chrysanthus, 1975: 23, f. 81-87 (mf).
L. c. Tikader, 1982a: 83, f. 163-167 (mf).
L. subblanda Yaginuma, 1986a: 128, f. 68.3 (mf).
L. retracta Song, 1988: 127, f. 6A-C (mf, S).
L. subblanda Chikuni, 1989b: 91, f. 6 (mf).
L. c. Song & Zhu, 1992b: 112, f. 3C-D (S).
L. c. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 545, f. 338a-g (f).
L. c. Song, Chen & Zhu, 1997: 1708, f. 6a-d (mf).
L. subblanda Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 48, f. 5, 30, 52 (mf).
L. c. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 121C-D, 122A-B, 130I-J (mf).
m clarki Locket, 1968....................Angola
L. c. Locket, 1968: 137, f. 56A-D (Dm).
m comorensis Schmidt & Krause, 1993....................Comoro Is.
L. c. Schmidt & Krause, 1993c: 7, f. 9 (Dm).
L. c. Schmidt & Krause, 1994a: 21, f. 13 (m).
f conifera Hogg, 1919....................Sumatra
L. c. Hogg, 1919: 90, pl. 9, f. 5 (Df).
f cordivittata Strand, 1911....................Kei Is.
L. c. Strand, 1911d: 139, pl. 4, f. 9, pl. 5, f. 48 (Df).
f crucinota (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906)....................Japan
Argyrodes crucinotum Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 134, pl. 10, f. 188 (Df).
L. c. Yaginuma, 1955c: 14 (Tf from Argyrodes).
L. c. Yaginuma, 1960: 71, f. 66.7 (f).
L. c. Yaginuma, 1971: 71, f. 66.7 (f).
L. c. Yaginuma, 1986a: 128, f. 68.5 (f).
L. c. Chikuni, 1989b: 92, f. 7 (f, Dm).
f curta (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Panama
Argyroepeira c. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 6, pl. 1, f. 10 (Df).
L. c. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 443.
mf cylindrata Wang, 1991....................China
L. c. Wang, 1991a: 158, f. 21-24 (Dmf).
L. c. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121G, 122C-D, 130K (mf).
mf decorata (Blackwall, 1864)....................Paleotropical
Tetragnatha d. Blackwall, 1864b: 44 (Df).
Nephila angustata Stoliczka, 1869: 241, pl. 20, f. 7 (Df).
Tetragnatha d. O. P.-Cambridge, 1869b: 389, pl. 13, f. 61-68 (f, Dm).
Meta d. L. Koch, 1872a: 141, pl. 11, f. 5 (f).
Argyroepeira celebesiana Workman, 1896: 52, pl. 52 (f, misidentified).
L. d. Simon, 1906c: 282.
L. d. Lessert, 1915a: 23, pl. 1, f. 14-15, 22-23 (mf).
L. d. Gravely, 1921b: 451, 454, f. 8d-e (mf).
L. d. Dyal, 1935: 187, pl. 11, f. 7, pl. 16, f. 120-130 (mf).
L. d. Tikader, 1970: 41, f. d-f (f).
L. d. Chu & Okuma, 1970: 72, f. 4A-C (mf).
L. d. Chrysanthus, 1975: 23, f. 88-94 (mf).
L. d. Yin, 1976: 121, pl. III.1-5 (f).
L. d. Song, 1980: 117, f. 60a-c (f).
L. d. Tikader & Biswas, 1981: 41, f. 67-69 (f).
L. d. Tikader, 1982a: 78, f. 155-158 (f).
L. d. Hu, 1984: 138, f. 139.1-2 (f).
L. d. Guo, 1985: 81, f. 2-30.1-3 (f).
L. d. Tanikawa, 1990a: 10, f. 10-14 (mf).
L. d. Chen & Gao, 1990: 77, f. 97a-b (f).
L. d. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 539, f. 332a-g, 333a-f (mf).
L. d. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121H-I, 122E-F, 130L-M (mf).
f decorata nigricauda Schenkel, 1944....................Timor
L. d. n. Schenkel, 1944: 179, f. 4a-c (Df).
mf digna (O. P.-Cambridge, 1869)....................St. Helena
Tetragnatha d. O. P.-Cambridge, 1869d: 535, pl. 42, f. 3 (Df).
Tetragnatha indigna O. P.-Cambridge, 1869d: 536, pl. 42, f. 4 (Dmf).
Meta d. O. P.-Cambridge, 1873e: 222 (m).
L. d. Benoit, 1977j: 157, f. 68a-f (Tmf from Meta).
f ditissima (Thorell, 1887)....................Sri Lanka, Myanmar
Argyroepeira d. Thorell, 1887: 143 (Df).
f dorsotuberculata Tikader, 1982....................India
L. d. Tikader, 1982a: 74, f. 147-150 (Df).
mf dromedaria (Thorell, 1881)....................Australia, New Zealand
Meta granulata L. Koch, 1872a: 136, pl. 10, f. 5 (f, misidentified).
Meta d. Thorell, 1881: 128 (Df).
Nephila argentatum Urquhart, 1887: 92, pl. 8, f. 3 (Dmf).
L. d. Dalmas, 1917a: 371, f. 39 (mf).
f emertoni (Thorell, 1890)....................Nias Is.
Argyroepeira e. Thorell, 1890b: 22 (Df).
f eua Strand, 1911....................Tonga
L. e. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
L. e. Strand, 1915d: 201, pl. 13, f. 7, pl. 15, f. 44 (f).
f fagei Caporiacco, 1954....................French Guiana
L. f. Caporiacco, 1954: 70, f. 9 (Df).
f fasciiventris Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
L. f. Kulczyn'ski, 1911d: 119 (Df).
mf festiva (Blackwall, 1866)....................Africa
Tetragnatha f. Blackwall, 1866: 467 (Df).
Meta splendida Butler, 1882b: 765, pl. 57, f. 3 (Dmf).
L. f. Tullgren, 1910: 153, pl. 3, f. 76 (mf).
L. f. Wiehle, 1967b: 193, f. 41 (f).
f fibulata (Thorell, 1892)....................Singapore, Sumatra
Argyroepeira f. Thorell, 1892a: 224 (Df).
Argyroepeira f. Workman, 1896: 53, pl. 53 (f).
j fishoekensis Strand, 1909....................South Africa
L. f. Strand, 1909g: 571 (Dj).
mf formosa (Blackwall, 1863)....................Brazil
Tetragnatha f. Blackwall, 1863a: 42 (Df).
Meta f. Bertkau, 1880a: 81, pl. 2, f. 28 (f).
Argyroepeira f. Keyserling, 1893: 359, pl. 19, f. 267 (f, Dm).
f formosa pozonae Schenkel, 1953....................Venezuela
L. f. p. Schenkel, 1953a: 14, f. 14 (Df).
f fragilis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Guatemala, Costa Rica
Argyroepeira f. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 6, pl. 1, f. 11 (Df).
Argyroepeira f. Keyserling, 1893: 362, pl. 19, f. 269 (f).
L. f. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 442, pl. 42, f. 8 (f).
L. f. Banks, 1909a: 208.
mf frequens Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
L. f. Tullgren, 1910: 154, pl. 3, f. 84-85 (Dmf).
f funebris Mello-Leitão, 1930....................Brazil
L. f. Mello-Leitão, 1930b: 62, f. 17 (Df).
f gemminipunctata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936....................Panama
L. g. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 62, pl. 12, f. 116A (Df).
mf granulata (Walckenaer, 1842)....................Sunda Is. to Australia
Tetragnatha g. Walckenaer, 1842: 222 (Df).
Epeira orichalcea Doleschall, 1857: 420 (Df).
Epeira orichalcea Doleschall, 1859: pl. 1, f. 1 (f).
Meta tuberculata Keyserling, 1865: 831, pl. 20, f. 10 (Df).
Meta tuberculata L. Koch, 1872a: 139, pl. 11, f. 3-4 (f, Dm).
Meta orichalcea Thorell, 1878b: 92.
Meta g. Thorell, 1881: 127.
Argyroepeira g. Thorell, 1890a: 199.
L. g. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 458, pl. 19, f. 32, 37 (mf).
L. tuberculata Berland, 1929b: 61.
L. g. Berland, 1938: 169, f. 119-120 (mf).
L. g. Chrysanthus, 1963: 731, f. 9, 11-14 (mf).
L. g. Chrysanthus, 1975: 20, f. 77 (m).
L. g. Davies, 1988b: 288, f. 14 (mf).
f granulata rimitara Strand, 1911....................Kei Is.
L. g. r. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
L. g. r. Strand, 1915d: 199, pl. 13, f. 11 (f).
f hasselti (Thorell, 1890)....................Sumatra
Argyroepeira hasseltii Thorell, 1890a: 194 (Df).
mf hebridisiana Berland, 1938....................New Hebrides
L. h. Berland, 1938: 170, f. 121-125 (Dmf).
f henryi Mello-Leitão, 1940....................Brazil
L. h. Mello-Leitão, 1940h: 26, f. 4-5 (Df).
mf idonea (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Guatemala to Brazil
Argyroepeira i. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 4, pl. 1, f. 7 (Df).
Argyroepeira i. Keyserling, 1893: 363, pl. 19, f. 9 (f).
L. i. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 442, pl. 42, f. 9 (f).
L. i. Caporiacco, 1955: 319, f. 17a-b (Dm).
mf ilatele Marples, 1955....................Samoa
L. i. Marples, 1955a: 497, pl. 59, f. 8 (Df).
L. i. Marples, 1957: 392, f. 4a-b (Dm).
mf insularis (Keyserling, 1865)....................Lord Howe Is., Samoa
Meta i. Keyserling, 1865: 830, pl. 20, f. 8-9 (Dm).
Meta i. L. Koch, 1872a: 135, pl. 10, f. 7 (m, Df).
L. i. Berland, 1929b: 36.
f iraray Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
L. i. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 547, f. 339a-g (Df).
m isabela Roewer, 1942....................Bioko
L. i. Roewer, 1942b: 249, f. 5 (Dm).
f japonica (Thorell, 1881)....................Japan
Argyroepeira j. Thorell, 1881: 198 (Df).
mf kibonotensis Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
L. k. Tullgren, 1910: 153, pl. 3, f. 81, 83 (Dmf).
j lamperti Strand, 1907....................Sri Lanka
L. l. Strand, 1907k: 157, f. 8 (Dj).
f lechei Strand, 1908....................Madagascar
L. l. Strand, 1908f: 465 (Df).
f lehmannella Strand, 1908....................Colombia
L. l. Strand, 1908c: 2 (Df).
f leprosa (Thorell, 1895)....................Myanmar
Argyroepeira l. Thorell, 1895: 153 (Df).
mf levanderi (Kulczyn'ski, 1901)....................Ethiopia, Congo, South Africa
Argyroepeira levanderii Kulczyn'ski, 1901a: 3, 22, pl. 1, f. 18, 21-22, pl. 2, f. 29 (Dmf).
L. l. Tullgren, 1910: 153, pl. 3, f. 77, 79 (mf).
f linyphia Simon, 1903....................Equatorial Guinea
L. l. Simon, 1903e: 81 (Df).
f loltuna Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938....................Mexico
L. l. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938: 136, f. 14 (Df).
f lombokiana Strand, 1913....................Lombok, Banda Is.
L. l. Strand, 1913d: 116 (Df).
L. l. Strand, 1915d: 202, pl. 16, f. 45 (f).
L. l. Roewer, 1938: 50, f. 35 (f).
f longimana (Keyserling, 1881)....................Peru
Meta l. Keyserling, 1881b: 555, pl. 16, f. 6 (Df).
Argyroepeira l. Keyserling, 1893: 338, pl. 17, f. 249 (f).
Chrysometa l. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 330.
L. l. Levi, 1986a: 105 (Tf from Chrysometa).
m longipes F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903....................Mexico
L. l. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 441, pl. 41, f. 19 (Dm).
mf longula (Thorell, 1878)....................Myanmar, Sumatra to New Guinea
Meta l. Thorell, 1878b: 94 (Dm).
Meta l. Thorell, 1881: 128 (Df).
L. l. Kulczyn'ski, 1911d: 117, pl. 4, f. 7 (f).
f lugens (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896)....................Mexico, Panama
Opas l. O. P.-Cambridge, 1896a: 185, pl. 23, f. 3 (Df).
Argyroepeira l. O. P.-Cambridge, 1897: 234.
L. l. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 442, pl. 42, f. 12 (f).
mf lygisma Wang, 1991....................China
L. l. Wang, 1991a: 154, f. 7-12 (Dmf).
L. l. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121J, 122G-H, 130N-O (mf).
f macrochoera (Thorell, 1895)....................Myanmar, Sumatra
Argyroepeira m. Thorell, 1895: 152 (Df).
f macrochoera tenasserimensis (Thorell, 1895)....................Myanmar
Argyroepeira m. t. Thorell, 1895: 152 (Df).
mf magnifica Yaginuma, 1954....................China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
(illustrated, no Latin name) Kayashima, 1943a: pl. 3 (f).
L. m. Yaginuma, 1954a: 2, f. 1-2, 5-7, 11 (Dmf).
L. m. Yaginuma, 1960: 70, f. 66.1, 3 (mf).
L. m. Lee, 1966: 55, f. 19a-c (mf).
L. m. Yaginuma, 1971: 70, f. 66.1, 3 (mf).
L. m. Yin, 1976: 120, pl. II.1-6 (f).
L. m. Hikichi, 1977: 154, f. 43 (f).
L. m. Song, 1980: 116, f. 59a-c (f).
L. m. Wang, 1981: 85, f. 26A-E (f).
L. m. Hu, 1984: 138, f. 140.1-5 (f).
L. m. Yaginuma, 1986a: 127, f. 68.1 (mf).
L. m. Song, 1987: 181, f. 141 (mf).
L. m. Chikuni, 1989b: 91, f. 4 (mf).
L. m. Kim, 1990: 149, f. 1-4 (f).
L. m. Feng, 1990: 105, f. 80.1-9 (mf).
L. m. Chen & Gao, 1990: 78, f. 98a-d (mf).
L. m. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 120, f. 115.1-8 (mf).
L. m. Song, Zhu & Li, 1993: 867, f. 29A-D (mf).
L. m. Zhao, 1993: 267, f. 127a-d (mf).
L. m. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 47, f. 4, 29, 51 (mf).
L. m. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121M-N, 122I-J, 130P-Q (mf).
f mahabascapea Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
L. m. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 540, f. 334a-e (Df).
f mahurica Strand, 1913....................Bismarck Arch.
L. m. Strand, 1913d: 116 (Df).
L. m. Strand, 1915d: 203, pl. 13, f. 9, pl. 16, f. 47 (f).
m malkini Chrysanthus, 1975....................Solomon Is.
L. m. Chrysanthus, 1975: 25, f. 100-102 (Dm).
mf mandibulata F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903....................Mexico, Panama
L. m. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 440, pl. 41, f. 17-18 (Dmf).
f margaritata (Thorell, 1899)....................Cameroon
Argyroepeira m. Thorell, 1899: 33 (Df).
mf mariana (Taczanowski, 1881)....................Costa Rica, Peru
Meta m. Taczanowski, in Keyserling, 1881b: 560, pl. 16, f. 10 (Df).
Argyroepeira m. Keyserling, 1893: 345, pl. 18, f. 254 (f).
L. m. Mello-Leitão, 1943a: 183 (Tf from Chrysometa).
L. m. Eberhard & Huber, 1998: 342, f. 7, 10-12, 14-15 (f, Dm).
f medjensis Lessert, 1930....................Congo
L. m. Lessert, 1930: 625, f. 8 (Df).
mf mendanai Berland, 1933....................Marquesas Is.
L. m. Berland, 1933b: 65, f. 49-52 (Dmf).
mf meruensis Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
L. m. Tullgren, 1910: 154, pl. 4, f. 89 (Dmf).
f meruensis karagonis Strand, 1913....................East Africa
L. m. k. Strand, 1913a: 363 (Df).
f mesomelas (O. P.-Cambridge, 1894)....................Mexico
Argyroepeira m. O. P.-Cambridge, 1894a: 135, pl. 16, f. 3 (Df).
L. m. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 443, pl. 42, f. 13 (f).
mf moerens (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896)....................Mexico, Central America, Puerto Rico
Opas m. O. P.-Cambridge, 1896a: 185, pl. 23, f. 6 (Df).
Argyroepeira pulcherrima O. P.-Cambridge, 1897: 229 (Dm, misidentified).
L. m. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 441, pl. 42, f. 6-7 (f, Tm).
L. m. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 271, f. 128-130 (Df).
mf moheliensis Schmidt & Krause, 1993....................Comoro Is.
L. m. Schmidt & Krause, 1993c: 3, f. 7-8 (Dmf).
L. m. Schmidt & Krause, 1994a: 17, f. 11-12 (mf).
mf mornensis Benoit, 1978....................Seychelles
L. m. Benoit, 1978f: 669, f. 3C-D (Dmf).
f nicobarica (Thorell, 1891)....................Nicobar Is.
Callinethis n. Thorell, 1891: 44 (Df).
f nigricauda Simon, 1903....................Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea
L. n. Simon, 1903e: 82 (Df).
mf nigrocincta Simon, 1903....................West Africa, São Tomé, Bioko, Principe
L. n. Simon, 1903e: 80 (Df).
L. n. Simon, 1907d: 278 (Dm).
f nigrotarsalis (Doleschall, 1859)....................Amboina
Epeira n. Doleschall, 1859: 40, pl. 9, f. 8 (Df).
f obscurella Strand, 1913....................Central Africa
L. o. Strand, 1913a: 366 (Df).
mf ocellata (Keyserling, 1864)....................Colombia
Tetragnatha o. Keyserling, 1864: 149, pl. 7, f. 7-9 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira o. Keyserling, 1893: 336, pl. 17, f. 248 (f).
L. o. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 356.
mf opiparis Simon, 1907....................São Tomé, Principe
L. o. Simon, 1907d: 277 (Dmf).
mf papuana Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
L. p. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 457, pl. 19, f. 39 (Df).
L. p. Hogg, 1919: 88 (Dm).
L. p. Roewer, 1938: 51, f. 36 (mf).
L. p. Chrysanthus, 1975: 25, f. 95-99 (mf).
m parangscipinia Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
L. p. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 537, f. 331a-g (Dm).
mf pinarensis (Franganillo, 1930)....................Cuba
Argyroepeira. p. Franganillo, 1930: 15 (Df; N.B.: omitted by Roewer).
L. p. Franganillo, 1936c: 86, f. 41 (Dm).
f polita (Keyserling, 1893)....................Guatemala
Argyroepeira p. Keyserling, 1893: 351, pl. 18, f. 259 (Df).
L. p. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 356.
mf pondae Tikader, 1970....................India
L. p. Tikader, 1970: 44, f. 25a-d (Dmf).
L. p. Tikader, 1982a: 89, f. 175-178 (mf).
f popayanensis Strand, 1908....................Colombia
L. p. Strand, 1908b: 773 (Df).
mf prodiga (L. Koch, 1872)....................Samoa
Meta p. L. Koch, 1872a: 138, pl. 10, f. 6 (Df).
L. p. Berland, 1929b: 61 (Dm).
f profundifoveata Strand, 1906....................East Africa
L. p. Strand, 1906b: 683 (Df).
f pulcherrima (Keyserling, 1865)....................Colombia, French Guiana
Meta p. Keyserling, 1865: 832, pl. 20, f. 4 (Df; spelled pulcherima in heading, this way in legend).
Linyphia splendida Taczanowski, 1874: 69 (Df).
Meta p. Keyserling, 1881b: 565, pl. 16, f. 13.
Argyroepeira p. Keyserling, 1893: 325, pl. 16, f. 239-240 (f).
L. p. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 356.
?? pulcherrima ochrerufa (Franganillo, 1930)....................Cuba
Argyroepeira pulcherrima ochre-rufa Franganillo, 1930: 16 (D; N.B.: omitted by Roewer).
Leucauge pulcherrima ochre-rufa Franganillo, 1936c: 85.
f pusilla (Thorell, 1878)....................Amboina, Andaman Is.
Meta p. Thorell, 1878b: 97 (Df).
Argyroepeira p. Thorell, 1892b: 228.
mf quadrifasciata (Thorell, 1890)....................Nias Is., Malaysia
Argyroepeira quadri-fasciata Thorell, 1890b: 18 (Dmf).
f quadripenicillata (Hasselt, 1893)....................Sumatra
Meta q. Hasselt, 1893: 136 (Df).
L. q. Roewer, 1942a: 1004.
mf regnyi (Simon, 1897)....................West Indies
Argyroepeira r. Simon, 1897d: 871 (Dmf).
L. r. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 356.
L. r. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 267, f. 123-127 (mf).
f reimoseri Strand, 1936....................Central Africa
L. annulipedella Strand, 1913a: 365 (Df, preoccupied).
L. r. Strand, 1936: 167 (replacement name).
f roseosignata Mello-Leitão, 1943....................Brazil
L. roseo-signata Mello-Leitão, 1943a: 183, f. 20, 20a (Df).
L. r. Brignoli, 1983c: 228.
f rubrotrivittata Simon, 1906....................India
L. r. Simon, 1906c: 307 (Df).
mf russellsmithi Locket, 1980....................Comoro Is.
L. r. Locket, 1980: 122, f. 15-25 (Dmf).
f ruwenzorensis Strand, 1913....................Central Africa
L. r. Strand, 1913a: 360 (Df).
f saphes Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936....................Panama
L. s. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 60, pl. 13, f. 122A (Df).
mf scalaris (Thorell, 1890)....................Sumatra
Argyroepeira s. Thorell, 1890a: 200 (Dmf).
f semiventris Strand, 1908....................Colombia
L. s. Strand, 1908c: 2 (Df).
mf senegalensis Roewer, 1961....................Senegal
L. s. Roewer, 1961b: 60, f. 19a-f (Dmf).
f severa (Keyserling, 1893)....................Brazil
Argyroepeira s. Keyserling, 1893: 358, pl. 19, f. 266 (Df).
L. s. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 357.
f signiventris Strand, 1913....................Central Africa
L. s. Strand, 1913a: 361 (Df).
L. s. alticola Strand, 1913a: 361 (Df).
f simplex F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903....................Mexico
L. s. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 442, pl. 42, f. 11 (Df).
f soeensis Schenkel, 1944....................Timor
L. so‰ensis Schenkel, 1944: 181, f. 5a-c (Df).
L. sooensis Brignoli, 1983c: 227.
f speciosissima (Keyserling, 1881)....................Peru
Meta s. Keyserling, 1881b: 557, pl. 16, f. 8 (Df).
Argyroepeira s. Keyserling, 1893: 366, pl. 19, f. 273 (f).
L. s. Levi, 1986a: 106 (Tf from Meta).
mf sphenoida Wang, 1991....................China
L. s. Wang, 1991a: 157, f. 17-20 (Dmf).
L. s. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121O, 122K-L, 130R (mf).
mf spiculosa Bryant, 1940....................Cuba
L. s. Bryant, 1940: 360, f. 129-130 (Dmf).
f splendens (Blackwall, 1863)....................Brazil
Tetragnatha s. Blackwall, 1863a: 41 (Df).
L. s. Roewer, 1942a: 1011.
f stictopyga (Thorell, 1890)....................Sumatra
Argyroepeira s. Thorell, 1890a: 204 (Df).
f striatipes (Bradley, 1876)....................Australia
Meta s. Bradley, 1876a: 148, pl. 1, f. 8 (Df).
L. s. Roewer, 1942a: 1008.
f subadulta Strand, 1906....................Japan
L. s. Strand, in Bösenberg & Strand, 1906:: 186 (Df).
mf subgemmea Bösenberg & Strand, 1906....................Russia, China, Korea, Japan
L. s. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 185, pl. 15, f. 398 (Df).
L. subgemea Yaginuma, 1954a: 2, f. 10, 13-14 (f).
L. s. Yaginuma, 1960: 71, f. 66.6 (f).
L. s. Yaginuma, 1971: 71, f. 66.6 (f).
L. s. Yaginuma, 1986a: 128, f. 68.4 (mf).
L. s. Chikuni, 1989b: 92, f. 8 (mf).
L. s. Zhu & Wang, 1993: 92, f. 1-4 (mf).
L. s. Song, Chen & Zhu, 1997: 1709, f. 7a-b (f).
L. s. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 49, f. 6, 31, 53 (mf).
L. s. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121P, 122M-N (mf).
f superba (Thorell, 1890)....................Nias Is., Sumatra
Callinethis s. Thorell, 1890b: 15 (Df).
f synthetica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936....................Panama
L. s. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 61, pl. 13, f. 122 (Df).
mf taczanowskii (Marx, 1893)....................French Guiana
Linyphia argentea Taczanowski, 1872: 65 (Dmf, preoccupied).
Meta argentea Keyserling, 1881b: 562, pl. 16, f. 11 (f).
Argyroepeira t. Marx, in Keyserling, 1893: 341, pl. 18, f. 252 (replacement name).
L. t. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 357.
f tellervo Strand, 1913....................Central Africa
L. t. Strand, 1913a: 364 (Df).
mf termisticta Song & Zhu, 1992....................China, Taiwan
L. t. Song & Zhu, 1992b: 113, f. 1A-D, 3I-J (Dmf).
L. t. Chen, 1997: 113, f. 2A-E (mf).
L. t. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121E-F, 123A-B, 131A-B (mf).
mf tessellata (Thorell, 1887)....................India to Moluccas, Taiwan
Callinethis t. Thorell, 1887: 135 (Df).
Argyroepeira t. Pocock, 1900a: 216.
L. t. Gravely, 1921b: 455 (Dm).
L. t. Tikader, 1966b: 12, f. 24-26 (f).
L. t. Tikader, 1970: 43, f. 24g-i (f).
L. t. Tikader, 1982a: 80, f. 159-162 (f).
L. t. Tso & Tanikawa, 2000: 127,f. 7-9 (f).
f tetragnathella Strand, 1907....................Madagascar
L. t. Strand, 1907d: 730 (Df).
L. t. Strand, 1907o: 43 (Df).
m thomeensis Kraus, 1960....................São Tomé
L. t. Kraus, 1960: 95, f. 6-8 (Dm).
mf thorelli (Blackwall, 1877)....................Seychelles
Tetragnatha thorellii Blackwall, 1877: 21, pl. 2, f. 15 (Df).
Argyroepeira t. Simon, 1898c: 278.
L. t. Benoit, 1978f: 668, f. 3A-B (f, Dm).
f thorelli mauritiana (Simon, 1898)....................Mauritius
Argyroepeira t. m. Simon, 1898c: 278 (Df).
f tredecimguttata (Simon, 1877)....................Philippines
Meta tredecim-guttata Simon, 1877b: 80 (Df).
L. t. Roewer, 1942a: 1005 (after Thorell, 1890d: 297).
mf trigonosa Wang, 1991....................China
L. t. Wang, 1991a: 153, f. 1-6 (Dmf).
L. t. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121K, 123C-D, 131C-D (mf).
f tristicta (Thorell, 1891)....................Nicobar Is.
Callinethis t. Thorell, 1891: 46 (Df).
mf tuberculata Wang, 1991....................China
L. t. Wang, 1991a: 156, f. 13-16 (Dmf).
L. t. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 121L, 123F, 131E-F (mf).
f tupaqamaru Archer, 1971....................Peru
L. t. Archer, 1971: 157, f. 9 (Df).
f turbida (Keyserling, 1893)....................Brazil
Argyroepeira t. Keyserling, 1893: 357, pl. 19, f. 265 (Df).
L. t. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 357.
f uberta (Keyserling, 1893)....................Brazil
Argyroepeira u. Keyserling, 1893: 361, pl. 19, f. 268 (Df).
L. u. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 357.
mf undulata (Vinson, 1863)....................Ethiopia, East Africa, Madagascar, Rodriguez
Epeira u. Vinson, 1863: 207, 313, pl. 5, f. 3 (Dmf).
Meta rabli Karsch, 1878c: 771 (Df).
Meta antinorii Pavesi, 1883: 22 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira blanda O. P.-Cambridge, 1890b: 626, pl. 53, f. 6 (Dj).
Argyroepeira u. Pavesi, 1895a: 501.
Argyroepeira festiva Kulczyn'ski, 1901a: 20, pl. 1, f. 19-20, pl. 2, f. 28 (mf, misidentified).
mf ungulata (Karsch, 1879)....................West, East Africa, Bioko, São Tomé
Meta u. Karsch, 1879e: 834, pl. 11, f. 5 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira u. Simon, 1894a: 728, f. 802-803 (m).
L. u. Simon, 1907d: 277.
L. ungulatella Strand, 1907n: 603 (provisional name only).
mf venusta (Walckenaer, 1842)....................USA to Panama
Epeira v. Walckenaer, 1842: 90 (Dm).
Epeira hortorum Hentz, 1847: 477, pl. 31, f. 19 (Df).
Tetragnatha 5-lineata Keyserling, 1864: 145, pl. 3, f. 3-6 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira hortorum Emerton, 1884: 332, pl. 37, f. 29-32 (mf).
Argyroepeira hortorum Keyserling, 1893: 333, pl. 17, f. 246 (mf).
Argyroepeira v. McCook, 1894: 242, pl. 20, f. 1-6 (mf).
Argyroepeira hortorum Emerton, 1902: 192, f. 446-447 (f).
L. v. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 441, pl. 42, f. 1-2 (mf).
L. hortorum Banks, 1909b: 163.
L. v. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 266, f. 121-122 (mf).
L. v. Saito, 1933b: 48, pl. 3, f. 24.
L. hortorum Franganillo, 1936c: 85, f. 40 (m).
L. v. Kaston, 1948: 265, f. 836-837, 843-846 (mf).
L. mabelae Archer, 1951a: 6, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
L. v. Archer, 1951a: 6, f. 3-4 (mf).
L. v. Wiehle, 1967b: 193, f. 40, 42-43 (mf).
L. v. Levi, 1980a: 25, f. 44-59 (mf, S).
L. v. Coddington, 1990: 17, f. 55 (m).
L. v. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 324, f. 6H-I, 13H (m).
f venustella Strand, 1916....................Hispaniola
L. v. Strand, 1916b: 102 (Df).
mf vibrabunda (Simon, 1896)....................Java
Argyroepeira v. Simon, 1896a: 345 (Dmf).
f virginis (Strand, 1911)....................Aru Is.
Gea v. Strand, 1911d: 147 (Df).
L. v. Levi, 1983: 321 (Tf from Gea).
j viridecolorata Strand, 1916....................Jamaica
L. v. Strand, 1916b: 101 (Dj).
f volupis (Keyserling, 1893)....................Brazil, Paraguay
Argyroepeira v. Keyserling, 1893: 356, pl. 18, f. 264 (Df).
L. v. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 358.
j wokamara Strand, 1911....................Aru Is.
L. w. Strand, 1911d: 139, pl. 5, f. 49 (Dj).
m wulingensis Song & Zhu, 1992....................China
L. w. Song & Zhu, 1992b: 114, f. 2A-B (Dm).
L. w. Song & Li, 1997: 409, f. 12A-B (m).
L. w. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 123F-G (m).
mf acoreensis Wunderlich, 1992 *....................Azores
L. a. Wunderlich, 1992a: 360, f. 315-326 (Dmf).
Transferred to other genera:
M. quadrituberculata (Keyserling, 1883) -- see Dolichognatha.
f argyrosticta Simon, 1907....................West Africa, Congo
M. a. Simon, 1907d: 279 (Df).
f caudacuta (Taczanowski, 1873)....................Peru, Guyana
Epeira c. Taczanowski, 1873: 136, pl. 5, f. 16 (Df).
Araneus caudacutus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 284.
Chrysometa c. Mello-Leitão, 1948: 164 (Tf from Araneus).
M. c. Levi, 1991a: 178 (Tf from Chrysometa).
f caudata Mello-Leitão, 1944....................Brazil
M. c. Mello-Leitão, 1944a: 9 (Df).
f flabilis (Keyserling, 1893)....................Brazil
Argyroepeira f. Keyserling, 1893: 355, pl. 18, f. 262 (Df).
M. f. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 361.
f gemmata Simon, 1895....................Venezuela
M. g. Simon, 1894a: 737 (nomen nudum).
M. g. Simon, 1895g: 152 (Df).
f gibbosa Schmidt & Krause, 1993....................Comoro Is.
M. g. Schmidt & Krause, 1993b: 7, f. 6 (Df).
M. g. Schmidt & Krause, 1994a: 15, f. 10 (f).
mf globosa (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889) *....................Guatemala to Panama
Meta g. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 2, pl. 1, f. 5 (Df).
Argyroepeira g. Keyserling, 1893: 318, pl. 16, f. 234 (f).
M. g. Simon, 1894a: 737, f. 810.
M. g. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 443, pl. 42, f. 14 (f).
M. g. Chickering, 1963e: 180, f. 1-5 (f, Dm).
M. g. Heimer, 1990: 120, f. 32-33 (mf).
f melanoleuca Mello-Leitão, 1944....................Brazil
M. m. Mello-Leitão, 1944a: 8 (Df).
m montivaga Archer, 1958....................Jamaica
M. m. Archer, 1958: 6, f. 8 (Dm).
f paranensis (Mello-Leitão, 1937)....................Brazil
Cyclosa p. Mello-Leitão, 1937a: 7, f. 7 (Df).
M. p. Levi, 1999: 310 (Tf from Cyclosa).
f scintillans Simon, 1895....................Brazil
M. s. Simon, 1894a: 737 (nomen nudum).
M. s. Simon, 1895g: 152 (Df).
m torrei Archer, 1958....................Cuba
M. t. Archer, 1958: 5, f. 7, 11 (Dm).
f trilineata Mello-Leitão, 1940....................Brazil
M. t. Mello-Leitão, 1940h: 28, f. 9-10 (Df).
Transferred to other genera:
M. cericea (Saito, 1934) -- see Lepthyphantes under Linyphiidae.
mf ornata Chikuni, 1955 *....................Korea, Japan
M. o. Chikuni, 1955: 31, f. 2A-H, pl. 4 (Dmf).
M. o. Namkung, Paik & Yoon, 1972: 93, f. 12 (f).
M. o. Yaginuma, 1986a: 129, f. 69.1 (mf).
M. o. Chikuni, 1989b: 92, f. 9 (mf).
M. o. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 51, f. 7, 32, 54 (mf).
mf gemmea (Hasselt, 1882)....................Myanmar to Java, Taiwan
Meta g. Hasselt, 1882: 26, pl. 2, f. 4 (Df).
Argyroepeira g. Thorell, 1890a: 206.
Argyroepeira g. Thorell, 1895: 152 (Dm).
Argyroepeira g. Workman, 1896: 56, pl. 56 (f).
Leucauge g. Simon, 1905c: 61.
M. g. Chrysanthus, 1975: 27, f. 103 (Tmf from Leucauge).
M. g. Tso & Tanikawa, 2000: 129, f. 10-16 (mf).
f grayi Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea
M. g. Chrysanthus, 1975: 28, f. 111-112 (Df).
mf humilis Kulczyn'ski, 1911 *....................New Guinea
M. h. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 462, pl. 19, f. 33 (Df).
M. h. Chrysanthus, 1963: 727, f. 5-8 (f, Dm).
m matinika Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
M. m. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 533, f. 330a-h (Dm).
f mindiptanensis Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea
M. m. Chrysanthus, 1975: 30, f. 113-114 (Df).
mf pumila (Thorell, 1877)....................Sumatra to New Guinea
Meta p. Thorell, 1877b: 429 (Df).
Meta p. Hasselt, 1882: 26 (Dm).
Argyroepeira p. Thorell, 1890a: 208.
M. p. Chrysanthus, 1975: 27, f. 104-108 (Tmf from Leucauge).
m realensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
M. r. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 533, f. 329a-g (Dm).
f wilsoni Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea, Bismarck Arch.
M. w. Chrysanthus, 1975: 28, f. 109-110 (Df).
Transferred to other genera:
M. adjuntaensis Petrunkevitch, 1930 -- see Araneus under Araneidae.
M. alticola Berland, 1913 -- see Chrysometa.
M. antrorum Simon, 1907 -- see Metellina.
M. argentiopunctata Rainbow, 1916 -- see Mesida.
M. berlandi Caporiacco, 1954 -- see Manogea under Araneidae.
M. blanda Bryant, 1945 -- see Araneus under Araneidae.
M. brasilica Soares & Camargo, 1948 -- see Manogea under Araneidae.
M. bryantae Brignoli, 1983 -- see Araneus under Araneidae.
M. chilensis Tullgren, 1902 -- see Metabus.
M. cordillera Tullgren, 1902 -- see Metabus.
M. curtisi (McCook, 1894) -- see Metellina.
M. davidi Schenkel, 1963 -- see Metleucauge.
M. dentipalpis Kroneberg, 1875 -- see Metleucauge.
M. digna (O. P.-Cambridge, 1869) -- see Leucauge.
M. echinata Tullgren, 1902 -- see Metabus.
M. espiritosantensis Soares & Camargo, 1955 -- see Manogea under Araneidae.
M. explorans Chamberlin, 1916 -- see Chrysometa.
M. fuegiana Simon, 1902 -- see Metabus.
M. gravida (O. P.-Cambridge, 1899) -- see Metabus.
M. hotteiensis Bryant, 1945 -- see Araneus under Araneidae.
M. jayuyensis Petrunkevitch, 1930 -- see Chrysometa.
M. kirgisica Bakhvalov, 1974 -- see Metellina.
M. kompirensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 -- see Metleucauge.
M. lepida Keyserling, 1882 -- see Chrysometa.
M. linguiformis Franganillo, 1930 -- see Chrysometa.
M. longipes (Nicolet, 1849) -- see Metabus.
M. ludibunda (Keyserling, 1893) -- see Chrysometa.
M. merianae (Scopoli, 1763) -- see Metellina.
M. minuta Keyserling, 1882 -- see Chrysometa.
M. monticola Keyserling, 1882 -- see Chrysometa.
M. nigrohumeralis F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1883 -- see Metabus.
M. nigrovittata Keyserling, 1865 -- see Chrysometa.
M. orientalis Spassky, 1932 -- see Metellina.
M. peckhami (McCook, 1894) -- see Metellina.
M. porteri Simon, 1898 -- see Metabus.
M. raripila (Keyserling, 1893) -- see Chrysometa.
M. reticulata (Linnaeus, 1758) -- see Metellina.
M. reticulata mengei (Blackwall, 1869) -- see Metellina mengei.
M. satulla Keyserling, 1880 -- see Chrysometa.
M. speciosissima Keyserling, 1881 -- see Leucauge.
M. torta Tullgren, 1902 -- see Metabus.
M. unicolor Keyserling, 1881 -- see Chrysometa.
M. vena Dönitz & Strand, 1906 -- see Metleucauge.
M. yunohamensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 -- see Metleucauge.
In synonymy:
M. americana Marusik & Koponen, 1992 = M. ovalis (Gertsch, 1933) (Dondale, 1995: 125).
M. canariensis Schmidt, 1975 = M. minima Denis, 1953 (Wunderlich, 1987a: 132).
M. ramblae Schmidt, 1975 = M. minima Denis, 1953 (Wunderlich, 1987a: 132).
Nomina dubia:
M. albisparsa Mello-Leitão, 1944b: 332 (m, Argentina) -- Levi, 1986a: 106.
M. preciosissima (Keyserling, 1893: 367, pl. 19, f. 274, f, Guatemala, originally in Argyroepeira) -- Levi, 1986a: 106.
M. voluptabilis (Keyserling, 1893: 356, pl. 18, f. 263, m, Brazil, originally in Argyroepeira) -- Levi, 1986a: 106.
f abdomenalis Patel & Reddy, 1993....................India
M. a. Patel & Reddy, 1993a: 1, f. 1a-d (Df).
m aerea Hogg, 1896....................Northern Territory
M. a. Hogg, 1896: 320, pl. 24, f. 4-5 (Dm).
f aurora Simon, 1901....................Argentina
M. a. Simon, 1901b: 19 (Df).
mf barreti Kulczyn'ski, 1899....................Madeira
M. b. Kulczyn'ski, 1899: 389, pl. 8, f. 79 (Dj).
M. b. Schenkel, 1938a: 29, f. 10 (Df).
M. barretti Wunderlich, 1992a: 362, f. 327-329 (f, Dm).
m baywanga Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
M. b. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 525, f. 323a-g (Dm).
f birmanica Thorell, 1898....................Myanmar
M. b. Thorell, 1898: 333 (Df).
mf bourneti Simon, 1922....................Europe to Georgia, North Africa
M. b. Simon, 1922: 199 (Dmf).
M. b. Simon, 1929: 657, 752, f. 1011-1012 (mf).
M. b. Kratochvíl, 1942: 111, f. I.2 (f).
M. b. Browning & Tams, 1944: 94, f. 1-2, 4 (mf).
M. b. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 119, f. 78A, D (mf).
M. b. Levi, 1980a: 43, f. 128-131 (mf).
M. b. Roberts, 1985: 202, f. 90e, 91e (mf).
M. b. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 62, f. 137 (mf).
M. b. Roberts, 1995: 310, f. (mf).
M. b. Bellmann, 1997: 100, f. (f).
M. b. Roberts, 1998: 323, f. (mf).
mf dolloff Levi, 1980....................USA
M. d. Levi, 1980a: 43, f. 132-135 (Dmf).
m gertschi Lessert, 1938....................Congo
M. g. Lessert, 1938: 437, f. 18-19 (Dm).
mf japonica Tanikawa, 1993....................Japan
M. menardi Yaginuma, 1986a: 124, f. 66 (mf, misidentified).
M. menardi Chikuni, 1989b: 88, f. 84 (mf, misidentified).
M. j. Tanikawa, 1993b: 98, f. 1-8 (Dmf).
mf longipalpis Pavesi, 1883....................Ethiopia
M. l. Pavesi, 1883: 19 (Dmf).
f maculata (Blackwall, 1865)....................Cape Verde Is.
Tetragnatha m. Blackwall, 1865a: 99 (Df).
M. m. Simon, 1883: 310.
mf manchurica Marusik & Koponen, 1992....................Russia
M. m. Marusik & Koponen, 1992: 138, f. 5-9, 15 (Dmf).
m melanicruciata Saito, 1939....................Japan
M. m. Saito, 1939: 7, f. 2 (2), pl. 1, f. 15 (Dm).
M. m. Saito, 1959: 101, f. 119a-c (m).
mf menardi (Latreille, 1804) *....................Europe to Korea
Aranea menardii Latreille, 1804a: 266 (Df).
Aranea novem-maculata Martini & Goeze, in Lister, 1778: 293 (D).
Aranea novemmaculata Panzer, 1804: 244, pl. 158, f. 6.
Epeira m. Latreille, 1806: 108.
M. fusca C. L. Koch, 1841a: 118, f. 685-687 (mf, misidentified).
M. m. Thorell, 1856: 98.
M. m. Westring, 1861: 78 (m).
Epeira fusca Blackwall, 1864a: 349, pl. 26, f. 252 (mf).
M. m. Thorell, 1870a: 38.
M. m. Hansen, 1882: 25, pl. 2, f. 2 (mf).
M. m. Emerton, 1884: 328, pl. 34, f. 18, pl. 37, f. 33 (mf).
M. m. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 139, pl. 6, f. 3 (mf).
M. m. McCook, 1894: 246, pl. 22, f. 4-5 (mf).
M. m. Keyserling, 1893: 313, pl. 16, f. 231 (mf).
M. m. Simon, 1894a: 735, f. 810 (m).
M. m. Becker, 1896: 60, pl. 12, f. 1 (mf).
M. m. Bösenberg, 1901: 47, pl. 3, f. 37 (mf).
M. m. Emerton, 1902: 190, f. 443-445 (mf).
M. m. Reimoser, 1929c: 62, f. 7 (mf).
M. m. Simon, 1929: 656, 751, f. 1009-1010 (mf).
M. m. Wiehle, 1931: 128, f. 4c, 5b, 205-209 (mf).
M. m. Komatsu, 1942b: 65, f. 7 (f).
M. m. Drensky, 1943: 247, f. 31 (mf).
M. m. Browning & Tams, 1944: 94, f. 3 (mf).
M. m. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 119, f. 78B-C (mf).
M. m. Komatsu, 1961a: 29, f. 18A-D (f).
M. m. Paik, Yaginuma & Namkung, 1969: 823, f. 50-51 (f).
M. m. Miller, 1971: 202, pl. XXXVII, f. 8-9 (mf).
M. m. Loksa, 1972: 72, f. 58B, 61C-D (mf).
M. m. Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 61, f. 36B (m).
M. m. Roberts, 1985: 202, f. 90d, 91d (mf).
M. m. Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 54 (m).
M. m. Heimer, 1990: 119, f. 30-31 (mf).
M. m. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 62, f. 136 (mf).
M. m. Marusik & Koponen, 1992: 140, f. 10-13, 16 (mf).
M. m. Terhivuo, 1993: 55, f. 1h (f).
M. m. Roberts, 1995: 309, f. (mf).
M. m. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 337, f. 13F-G (m).
M. m. Scharff & Coddington, 1997: 374, f. 11 (m).
M. m. Bellmann, 1997: 100, f. (f).
M. m. Roberts, 1998: 323, f. (mf).
M. m. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 53, f. 8, 33, 55 (mf).
f merianopsis Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
M. m. Tullgren, 1910: 151, pl. 3, f. 75 (Df).
f meruensis Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
M. m. Tullgren, 1910: 151, pl. 3, f. 74 (Df).
mf milleri Kratochvíl, 1942....................Balkans
M. m. Kratochvíl, 1942: 111, f. I.1, II.1-3 (Dmf; probable synonym of M. bourneti Simon, 1922, per Brignoli, 1983c: 229).
mf minima Denis, 1953....................Canary Is.
M. obscura m. Denis, 1953a: 6, f. 4 (Df).
M. m. Denis, 1962a: 82 (elevated from subspecies).
M. canariensis Schmidt, 1975a: 226, f. 6-7 (Dmf).
M. ramblae Schmidt, 1975a: 227, f. 8-9 (Df).
M. m. Wunderlich, 1987a: 132 (Sm).
M. m. Wunderlich, 1992a: 363, f. 330-332 (mf).
f mixta O. P.-Cambridge, 1885....................Yarkand
M. m. O. P.-Cambridge, 1885b: 43 (Df).
f monogrammata Butler, 1876....................Queensland
M. m. Butler, 1876a: 352, pl. 10, f. 3 (Df).
f montana Hogg, 1919....................Sumatra
M. m. Hogg, 1919: 87, pl. 8, f. 3 (Df).
j nebulosa Schenkel, 1936....................China
M. n. Schenkel, 1936b: 97, f. 34 (Dj).
f nigra Franganillo, 1920....................Portugal
M. n. Franganillo, 1920: 140 (Df).
mf nigridorsalis Tanikawa, 1994....................Japan
M. n. Tanikawa, 1994b: 66, f. 1-10 (Dmf).
f obscura Kulczyn'ski, 1899....................Canary Is., Madeira
M. merianae o. Kulczyn'ski, 1899: 389 (Df).
M. o. Denis, 1953c: 4, f. 4 (f, elevated from subspecies of M. merianae).
mf ovalis (Gertsch, 1933)....................USA, Canada
Auchicybaeus o. Gertsch, 1933c: 11, f. 15 (Df).
M. menardi Kaston, 1948: 223, f. 700-703 (m, misidentified).
M. menardi Lehtinen, 1967: 217 (S, rejected).
M. menardi Levi, 1980a: 42, f. 112-127 (mf, misidentified).
M. americana Marusik & Koponen, 1992: 138, f. 1-4, 14 (Dmf).
M. americana Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 324, f. 6A-C (m).
M. o. Dondale, 1995: 125 (removed from S of M. menardi, contra Lehtinen, 1967, S).
M. americana Griswold et al., 1998: 61, f. 10C (m).
f patagiata Simon, 1901....................Argentina
M. p. Simon, 1901b: 18 (Df).
mf qianshanensis Zhu & Zhu, 1983....................China
M. q. Zhu & Zhu, 1983b: 139, f. a-f (Dmf).
M. q. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 123H-I, L-M (mf).
mf reticuloides Yaginuma, 1958....................Korea, Japan
M. r. Yaginuma, 1958a: 26, f. 1-12 (Dmf).
M. r. Yaginuma, 1960: 69, f. 65 (mf).
M. r. Yaginuma, 1971: 69, f. 65 (mf).
M. r. Yaginuma, 1986a: 124, f. 66.3 (mf).
M. r. Chikuni, 1989b: 89, f. 85 (mf).
M. r. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 54, f. 9, 34, 56 (mf).
mf rufolineata (Urquhart, 1889)....................New Zealand
Linyphia rufo-lineata Urquhart, 1889a: 137 (Dmf).
Landana lautiuscula Dalmas, 1917a: 372, f. 40-43 (Dmf).
M. r. Bryant, 1933b: 21.
f serrana Franganillo, 1930....................Cuba
M. s. Franganillo, 1930: 20 (Df).
f simlaensis Tikader, 1982....................India
M. s. Tikader, 1982a: 91, f. 179-182 (Df).
f sinensis Schenkel, 1953....................China
M. s. Schenkel, 1953b: 30, f. 15 (Df).
mf stridulans Wunderlich, 1987....................Madeira
M. s. Wunderlich, 1987a: 130, f. 353-359 (Dmf).
mf tiniktirika Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
M. t. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 526, f. 324a-d. 325a-f, 326a-d (Dmf).
f trivittata Keyserling, 1887....................New South Wales, Victoria
M. t. Keyserling, 1887a: 213, pl. 19, f. 4 (Df).
m turbatrix Keyserling, 1887....................New South Wales
M. t. Keyserling, 1887a: 212, pl. 19, f. 3 (Dm).
mf vacillans Butler, 1876....................Rodriguez
M. v. Butler, 1876b: 441 (Dmf).
M. v. Butler, 1878a: 503, pl. 52, f. 4 (mf).
mf villiersi Denis, 1955....................Guinea
M. v. Denis, 1955c: 1031, f. 8-1O (Dmf).
f chilensis (Tullgren, 1902)....................Chile
Meta c. Tullgren, 1902: 23, pl. 1, f. 7 (Df).
M. c. Archer, 1963: 16 (Tf from Meta).
f cordillera (Tullgren, 1902)....................Chile
Meta c. Tullgren, 1902: 23, pl. 2, f. 3 (Df).
M. c. Archer, 1963: 17 (Tf from Meta).
m echinatus (Tullgren, 1902)....................Chile
Meta echinata Tullgren, 1902: 19, pl. 2, f. 1 (Dm).
M. e. Archer, 1963: 17 (Tm from Meta).
j fuegianus (Simon, 1902)....................Chile
Meta fuegiana Simon, 1902h: 26 (Dj).
M. f. Archer, 1963: 17 (Tj from Meta).
mf gravidus O. P.-Cambridge, 1899 *....................Guatemala to Panama
M. g. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899a: 299, pl. 37, f. 7 (Df).
Meta gravida F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 446.
Meta gravida Petrunkevitch, 1925a: 109, f. 19-21 (f, Dm).
M. g. Nentwig, 1993: 122, f. 141a-c (Tmf from Meta, after Archer, 1951).
f longipes (Nicolet, 1849)....................Chile
Epeira l. Nicolet, 1849: 491 (Df).
Meta l. Simon, 1900c: 51.
M. l. Archer, 1963: 16 (Tf from Meta).
f nigrohumeralis (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)....................Juan Fernandez Is.
Meta n. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899b: 18, pl. 2, f. 4-5 (Df).
M. n. Archer, 1963: 17 (Tf from Meta).
f porteri (Simon, 1900)....................Chile
Meta p. Simon, 1900c: 51 (Df).
M. p. Archer, 1963: 17 (Tf from Meta).
m tortus (Tullgren, 1902)....................Chile
Meta torta Tullgren, 1902: 21, pl. 2, f. 2 (Dm).
M. torta Archer, 1963: 17 (Tm from Meta).
mf debilis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889) *....................Mexico, Central America
Argyroepeira d. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 5, pl. 1, f. 9 (Df).
Argyroepeira d. Keyserling, 1893: 365, pl. 19, f. 272 (f).
Argyroepeira d. O. P.-Cambridge, 1896a: 218, pl. 28, f. 4-5 (f, Dm).
M. d. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 444, pl. 42, f. 15-16 (mf).
In synonymy:
M. antrorum (Simon, 1907, T from Meta) = M. segmentata (Clerck, 1757) (Loksa, 1972: 69, sub Meta).
M. peckhami (McCook, 1894, T from Araneus) = M. curtisi (McCook, 1894) (Levi, 1980a: 35, contra Levi & Field, 1954: 466).
M. reticulata (Linnaeus, 1758, T from Meta) = M. segmentata (Clerck, 1757) (Clerckian names validated by ICZN Direction 104).
mf curtisi (McCook, 1894) *....................North America
Pachygnatha c. McCook, 1894: 271, pl. 26, f. 5 (Dm).
Epeira peckhamii McCook, 1894: 189, pl. 18, f. 5-6 (Dmf).
Araneus peckhami Petrunkevitch, 1911: 308.
Meta c. Gertsch & Ivie, 1936: 20.
M. c. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941b: 14, f. 20 (Tmf from Meta).
M. c. Levi, 1980a: 35, f. 72-86, 95-98 (mf, S).
M. c. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 324, f. 6D-E, 13D-E (m).
f kirgisica (Bakhvalov, 1974)....................Central Asia
Meta kirgisicus Bakhvalov, 1974: 101, f. 6-7 (Df).
Meta k. Bakhvalov, 1982: 136, f. 1 (f).
Meta k. Bakhvalov, 1983: 86, f. 1 (f).
M. k. Marusik, 1989b: 44 (Tf from Meta).
mf mengei (Blackwall, 1870)....................Europe to Georgia
Epeira mengii Blackwall, 1870a: 398 (Dmf).
Meta segmentata m. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 139.
Meta segmentata m. Kulczyn'ski, 1899: 389, pl. 8, f. 78 (f).
Meta m. Bösenberg, 1901: 49, pl. 3, f. 40 (mf).
Meta reticulata m. Wiehle, 1931: 123, f. 198-201 (mf).
Meta reticulata m. Drensky, 1943: 247, f. 30 (mf).
Meta segmentata m. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 117, f. 76C, 77B, E (mf).
Meta m. Chrysanthus, 1953: 160, f. 1b-d, 2b, d-e, 3a-b (mf, elevated from subspecies of Meta reticulata=segmentata).
Meta m. Chrysanthus, 1955c: 59, f. 2A-D (m).
Meta segmentata m. Zamaraev, 1964: 352, f. 15B, 16B, 17 (mf).
Meta m. Wiehle, 1967b: 191, f. 33-34 (m).
Meta segmentata m. Loksa, 1972: 70, f. 60D-F (mf).
Meta m. Palmgren, 1974a: 39, f. 17a-g (mf).
Meta m. Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 64, f. 37A, C (mf).
Meta m. Punda, 1975b: 42, f. 79, 81 (mf).
M. m. Levi, 1980a: 34, f. 105-107 (Tmf from Meta).
Meta m. Roberts, 1985: 202, f. 90b, g, 91b (mf).
M. m. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 64, f. 140 (mf).
Meta m. Roberts, 1995: 308, f. (mf).
Metallina m. Agnarsson, 1996: 59, f. 45A-C (mf).
M. m. Bellmann, 1997: 98, f. (mf).
Meta m. Roberts, 1998: 322, f. (mf).
mf merianae (Scopoli, 1763)....................Europe to Georgia
Aranea m. Scopoli, 1763: 395 (D).
Aranea fusca De Geer, 1778: 335, pl. 11, f. 9-12 (Df).
Aranea fusca Olivier, 1789: 204.
Aranea antriada Walckenaer, 1802: 201 (Df).
Epeira antriada Walckenaer, 1805: 62.
Epeira inclinata Sundevall, 1833a: 250 (Df, var. b).
Meta m. C. L. Koch, 1841a: 121, f. 688-690 (Dmf).
Meta muraria C. L. Koch, 1841a: 125, f. 693-694 (Dmf).
Meta fusca Thorell, 1856: 98.
Meta fusca Westring, 1861: 76 (Dm).
Epeira antriada Blackwall, 1864a: 351, pl. 26, f. 253 (mf).
Zilla antriada Simon, 1864: 237.
Meta muraria Menge, 1866: 88, pl. 14, f. 25 (mf).
Meta m. Thorell, 1870a: 36.
Meta subterranea Lebert, 1877: 137 (Dm).
Meta m. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 139, pl. 6, f. 2 (mf).
Meta m. Simon, 1894a: 730, f. 811 (m).
Meta m. Becker, 1896: 58, pl. 11, f. 4 (mf).
Meta m. Bösenberg, 1901: 47, pl. 3, f. 38 (mf).
Meta m. Bacelar, 1929: 260, f. 13-14 (mf).
Meta m. Simon, 1929: 656, 752, f. 1007-1008 (mf).
Meta m. Wiehle, 1931: 125, f. 202-204 (mf).
Meta m. Drensky, 1943: 247, f. 31 (mf).
Meta m. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 117, f. 76D, 77C (mf).
Meta m. Miller, 1971: 201, pl. XXXVII, f. 7 (m).
Meta m. Loksa, 1972: 71, f. 61A-B (mf).
Meta m. Palmgren, 1974a: 41, f. 18a-d (mf).
Meta m. Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 61, f. 36C (m).
M. m. Levi, 1980a: 34, f. 108-111 (Tmf from Meta).
Meta m. Heimer, 1982: 45, f. 14 (m).
Meta m. Roberts, 1985: 202, f. 90c, 91c (mf).
M. m. Levy, 1987: 255, f. 57-62 (f).
M. m. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 64, f. 138 (mf).
Meta m. Roberts, 1995: 309, f. (mf).
M. m. Roberts, 1998: 322, f. (mf).
mf merianae celata (Blackwall, 1841)....................Europe
Epeira c. Blackwall, 1841: 668 (Dmf).
Epeira c. Blackwall, 1864a: 353, pl. 26, f. 254 (mf).
Meta m. c. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 139.
mf mimetoides Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941....................North America
M. m. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941b: 15, f. 19 (Df).
M. m. Levi, 1980a: 36, f. 87-94 (f, Dm).
mf orientalis (Spassky, 1932)....................Central Asia
Meta o. Spassky, 1932a: 184, f. 5-8 (Dmf).
M. o. Marusik, 1985b: 139 (Tmf from Meta).
M. o. Marusik, 1986a: 19, f. 1.1-3 (mf).
mf segmentata (Clerck, 1757)....................Palearctic (Canada, introduced)
Araneus segmentatus Clerck, 1757: 45, pl. 2, f. 6 (Dmf).
Aranea reticulata Linnaeus, 1758: 619 (D).
Aranea angulata Schrank, 1781: 525 (D).
Aranea senoculata Cyrillus, 1787: 1, pl. 8, f. 7.
Aranea s. Olivier, 1789: 206.
Aranea reticulata Olivier, 1789: 231.
Aranea inclinata Walckenaer, 1802: 201.
Epeira inclinata Walckenaer, 1805: 62.
Epeira variegata Risso, 1826: 170 (D).
Zilla reticulata C. L. Koch, 1839a: 142, f. 532-533 (mf).
Epeira inclinata Walckenaer, 1842: 82 (Dmf).
Miranda piniophila Bremi-Wolff, 1849: 1-16 (D).
Epeira s. Westring, 1851: 35.
Meta s. Westring, 1861: 80 (Dmf).
Epeira inclinata Blackwall, 1864a: 354, pl. 26, f. 255 (mf).
Meta s. Menge, 1866: 86, pl. 14, f. 24 (mf).
Zilla inclinata Sordelli, 1868: 471.
Meta s. Thorell, 1870a: 39.
Meta s. Hansen, 1882: 24, pl. 1, f. 40, pl. 2, f. 1 (mf).
Meta s. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 138, pl. 6, f. 1 (mf).
Meta s. Becker, 1896: 56, pl. 11, f. 3 (mf).
Meta s. Bösenberg, 1901: 48, pl. 3, f. 39 (mf).
Meta antrorum Simon, 1907a: 544, f. 2B (Dmf).
Meta reticulata Reimoser, 1929c: 86, f. 4 (mf).
Meta s. Simon, 1929: 653, 752, f. 1005-1006 (mf).
Meta reticulata Wiehle, 1931: 119, f. 192-197 (mf).
Meta reticulata Drensky, 1943: 247, f. 30 (mf).
Meta s. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 115, f. 75, 76B, 77A, d (mf).
Meta s. Chrysanthus, 1953: 160, f. 1a, 2a, c, 3c-d (mf).
Meta s. Saito, 1959: 101, f. 120a-c (f).
Meta s. Zamaraev, 1964: 352, f. 14, 15A, 16A (mf).
Meta s. Wiehle, 1967b: 191, f. 30, 32 (mf).
Meta s. Miller, 1971: 201, pl. XXXVII, f. 5-6 (mf).
Meta s. Loksa, 1972: 69, f. 59A, 60A-C (mf, S).
Meta s. Palmgren, 1974a: 40, f. 1a, c, 17h-m (mf).
Meta s. Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 64, f. 36A, 37B, D (mf).
Meta s. Punda, 1975b: 44, f. 75, 78, 80 (mf).
M. s. Levi, 1980a: 36, f. 99-104 (Tmf from Meta).
Meta s. Roberts, 1985: 202, f. 90a, f, 91a (mf).
M. s. Yaginuma, 1986c: 193, f. 2B, 3B, D (mf).
M. s. Levy, 1987: 254, f. 55-56 (f).
Meta s. Hu & Wu, 1989: 103, f. 79.1-2 (f).
M. s. Coddington, 1990: 14, f. 49 (m).
M. s. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 64, f. 139 (mf).
Meta s. Roberts, 1995: 307, f. (mf).
Meta s. Mcheidze, 1997: 250, f. 540-541 (m).
M. s. Bellmann, 1997: 98, f. (mf).
Meta s. Roberts, 1998: 321, f. (mf).
In synonymy:
M. vena (Dönitz & Strand, 1906, T from Meta) = M. kompirensis (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) (Yaginuma, 1955c: 16, sub Meta).
mf chikunii Tanikawa, 1992....................Taiwan, Japan
M. kompirensis Chikuni, 1989b: 88, f. 82 (mf, misidentified).
M. c. Tanikawa, 1992c: 169, f. 16-23 (Dmf).
M. chikuni Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 216, f. 123J, N-O (mf).
mf davidi (Schenkel, 1963)....................China, Taiwan
Meta d. Schenkel, 1963: 130, f. 77 (Df).
M. d. Tanikawa & Chang, 1997: 121, f. 1-6 (Tf from Meta, after Chen & Zhang, 1991: 103, Dm).
M. d. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 123K, P-Q (mf).
mf dentipalpis (Kroneberg, 1875)....................Central Asia
Meta d. Kroneberg, 1875: 6, pl. 1, f. 2 (Dmf).
Meta d. Bakhvalov, 1974: 101, f. 1-5 (mf).
M. d. Marusik, 1989b: 45 (Tmf from Meta).
mf eldorado Levi, 1980 *....................USA
M. e. Levi, 1980a: 46, f. 136-150 (Dmf).
M. e. Roth, 1985: B6-4, f. 26-27, 70 (mf).
M. e. Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 51 (m).
mf kompirensis (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906)....................Russia, China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
Meta k. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 181, pl. 11, f. 242 (Df).
Meta vena Dönitz & Strand, in Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 382, pl. 3, f. 6 (Df).
Meta k. Yaginuma, 1955c: 16 (S).
Meta k. Yaginuma, 1958a: 25, f. 16-18 (f, Dm).
Meta k. Yaginuma, 1960: 69, f. 65 (mf).
Meta k. Lee, 1966: 53, f. 18a-c (mf).
Meta k. Yaginuma, 1971: 69, f. 65 (mf).
M. k. Levi, 1980a: 46, f. 151 (Tf from Meta).
Meta k. Hu, 1984: 118, f. 117.1-3 (mf).
M. k. Yaginuma, 1986a: 124, f. 66.2 (mf).
Meta k. Chen & Gao, 1990: 64, f. 78 (f).
M. k. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 103, f. 96.1-5 (mf).
M. k. Tanikawa, 1992c: 171, f. 24-30 (mf).
M. k. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 55, f. 10, 35, 57 (mf).
M. k. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 124A. C-D (mf).
mf yaginumai Tanikawa, 1992....................Japan
Meta segmentata Yaginuma, 1986a: 124, f. 66.5 (f, misidentified).
M. y. Tanikawa, 1992c: 166, f. 8-15 (Dmf).
mf yunohamensis (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906)....................Russia, China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
Meta y. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 180, pl. 11, f. 225-229 (Df).
Meta y. Saito, 1933b: 48, pl. 3, f. 12.
Meta y. Saito, 1939: 9, f. 2 (3) (Dm).
Meta y. Nakatsudi, 1942a: 308, f. 27 (f).
Meta y. Yaginuma, 1958a: 28, f. 13-15 (mf).
Meta y. Saito, 1959: 100, f. 118a-f (f).
Meta y. Yaginuma, 1960: 69, f. 65 (mf).
Meta y. Lee, 1966: 53, f. 17k-m (mf).
Meta y. Yaginuma, 1971: 69, f. 65 (mf).
Meta y. Hikichi, 1977: 154, f. 41 (f).
M. y. Levi, 1980a: 46 (Tmf from Meta).
Meta y. Hu, 1984: 118, f. 118.1-3 (mf).
Meta y. Zhu et al., 1985: 85, f. 73a-c (f).
M. y. Yaginuma, 1986a: 125, f. 66.1 (mf).
M. y. Chikuni, 1989b: 88, f. 81 (mf).
M. y. Tanikawa, 1992c: 164, f. 1-7 (mf).
M. y. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 56, f. 11, 36, 58 (mf).
M. y. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 124B, E-F (mf).
mf zhangi Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997 *....................China
M. z. Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997: 5, f. 4A-G (Dmf).
M. z. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 124G-H, J-K (mf).
Transferred to other genera:
N. sulphurea Taczanowski, 1873 -- see Alpaida under Araneidae.
In synonymy:
N. chacoensis Badcock, 1932 (removed from S of N. clavipes) = N. sexpunctata Giebel, 1867 (Levi & Eickstedt, 1989: 46, contra Mello-Leitão, 1946b: 40).
N. dolabella Thorell, 1899 (removed from S of N. fenestrata venusta) = N. turneri Blackwall, 1833 (Benoit, 1962a: 227).
N. dubia Badcock, 1932 (removed from S of N. clavipes) = N. sexpunctata Giebel, 1867 (Levi & Eickstedt, 1989: 46, contra Mello-Leitão, 1946b: 40).
N. fontanae Holmberg, 1876 = N. sexpunctata Giebel, 1867 (Mello-Leitão, 1944b: 321).
N. inaurata seychellensis Canard, 1975 = N. inaurata madagascariensis (Vinson, 1863) (Benoit, 1978f: 673).
N. senegalensis boehmi Dahl, 1912 = M. senegalensis bragantina Brito Capello, 1867 (Benoit, 1962b: 227).
N. thomensis Benoit, 1963 = N. clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767) (Levi, 1980a: 18).
f adelaidensis Hogg, 1910....................South Australia
N. a. Hogg, 1910b: 61, pl. 18, f. 2 (Df).
mf ambigua Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
N. a. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 464, pl. 20, f. 41-42 (Dmf).
mf antipodiana (Walckenaer, 1842)....................China, Philippines to New Zealand
Epeira a. Walckenaer, 1842: 93 (Df).
N. ornata Blackwall, 1864b: 43 (Df).
N. baeri Simon, 1877b: 82 (Df).
N. holmerae Thorell, 1881: 141 (Df).
N. a. Dahl, 1912a: 35, 59, 61.
N. a. Yin et al., 1990: 2, f. 1-5 (mf).
N. a. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 563, f. 348a-h (f).
N. a. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 124I, L, S, 125A (mf).
f celebesiana Strand, 1915....................Sulawesi
N. c. Strand, 1915d: 206, pl. 13, f. 12-13, pl. 16, f. 50 (Df).
mf clavata L. Koch, 1878....................India to Japan
N. c. L. Koch, 1878c: 741, pl. 15, f. 4 (Df).
N. limbata Thorell, 1898: 335 (Df).
N. obnubila Simon, 1906c: 308 (Df).
N. c. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 190, pl. 3, f. 11, pl. 11, f. 217 (f, Dm).
N. c. Dahl, 1912a: 35, 73.
N. c. Hikichi, 1977: 154, f. 42 (f).
N. c. Tikader, 1982a: 102, f. 195-197 (f).
N. c. Hu, 1984: 119, f. 119.1-3 (mf).
N. c. Zhu et al., 1985: 84, f. 72a-c (f).
N. c. Chikuni, 1989b: 80, f. 51 (mf).
N. c. Feng, 1990: 96, f. 71.1-3 (mf).
N. c. Chen & Gao, 1990: 69, f. 88a-b (mf).
N. c. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 110, f. 104.1-3 (mf).
N. c. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 58, f. 12, 37, 59 (mf).
N. c. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 124M-N, 125B-C (mf).
f clavata cavaleriei Schenkel, 1963....................China
N. c. c. Schenkel, 1963: 134, f. 78 (Df).
N. c. cavalierei Brignoli, 1983c: 241.
mf clavatoides Schenkel, 1953....................China
N. c. Schenkel, 1953b: 27, f. 14a-b (Dmf).
mf clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767)....................USA to Argentina, São Tomé
Aranea c. Linnaeus, 1767: 1034 (Df).
Aranea spinimobilis Linnaeus, 1767: 1034 (D).
Aranea c. Fabricius, 1775: 437.
Aranea longimana Fabricius, 1781: 536 (Df).
Aranea c. Olivier, 1789: 201.
Aranea longimana Olivier, 1789: 232.
Epeira c. Hahn, 1821: 2, pl. 7, f. a-b (f).
Epeira c. Hahn, 1833a: 118, f. 89 (f, Dm).
N. plumipes C. L. Koch, 1839a: 138, f. 529 (f, misidentified).
Epeira plumipes Walckenaer, 1842: 99.
N. c. Taczanowski, 1873: 146.
N. wilderi McCook, 1894: 251, pl. 7, f. 1-2, pl. 23, f. 6-7 (Dmf).
N. wistariana McCook, 1894: 252, 255, pl. 23, f. 2-3, pl. 24, f. 1 (Dmf).
N. concolor McCook, 1894: 256, pl. 23, f. 1 (Df).
N. c. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901b: 325, pl. 7, f. 1-4 (mf).
N. c. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904: 448, pl. 42, f. 23-24 (f).
N. c. Dahl, 1912a: 46, 73, 75.
N. c. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 247, f. 101-102 (mf).
N. c. Franganillo, 1931: 220, f. 12-14 (m).
N. c. Franganillo, 1936c: 96, f. 48-49 (m).
N. c. Archer, 1958: 2 (restricts nominate subspecies to Cuba and Hispaniola).
N. thomensis Benoit, 1963a: 371, f. 1-3 (Df).
N. c. Wiehle, 1967b: 195, f. 49 (f).
N. c. Levi, 1980a: 17, f. 23-43 (mf, S; Levi, 1980a: 22, apparently considered all described subspecies of this species, and the other described Neotropical taxa, as identical, but did not formally synonymize them).
N. c. Heimer, 1982: 44, f. 13 (m).
N. c. Schult, 1983b: 156, f. 1-3 (m).
N. c. Schult & Sellenschlo, 1983: 222, f. 1-3, 7-10 (mf).
N. c. Roth, 1985: B6-6, f. 18, 67 (m).
N. c. Wunderlich, 1986: 79, f. 160-162 (m; erroneously claims this as the only Neotropical species listed in Roewer, but shows that more than one species is probably involved).
N. c. Levi & Eickstedt, 1989: 45, f. 1-4 (mf).
N. c. Higgins, 1989: 748, f. 1-4 (mf).
N. c. Coddington, 1990: 17, f. 52 (m).
N. c. Nentwig, 1993: 122, f. 138a-b (m).
N. c. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 323, f. 5G-I, 10A-C (m).
mf clavipes fasciculata (De Geer, 1778)....................USA to Argentina
Aranea f. De Geer, 1778: 316, pl. 39, f. 1-4 (Df).
N. f. C. L. Koch, 1838: 30, f. 354 (f).
N. c. C. L. Koch, 1838: 31, f. 355 (f).
N. c. McCook, 1894: 255, pl. 24, f. 1 (f).
N. c. f. Archer, 1958: 3, f. 1-2 (mf).
mf clavipes vespucea (Walckenaer, 1842)....................Argentina
Epeira v. Walckenaer, 1842: 98 (Df).
Epeira janeira Walckenaer, 1842: 100 (Df).
Araneus janeirus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 298.
N. vespuca Dahl, 1912a: 46, 74 (Dm).
N. riverai Brèthes, 1918: 216-218 (Df).
mf comorana Strand, 1916....................Comoro Is.
N. c. Strand, 1916d: 120 (Dmf).
N. c. Schmidt & Jocqué, 1986: 206, f. 1-3 (mf).
mf cornuta (Pallas, 1772)....................Guyana
Aranea cornuta Pallas, 1772: 44, pl. 3, f. 13 (Df).
N. cornuta F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901b: 325, pl. 7, f. 5 (f).
N. clavipes c. Dahl, 1912a: 46, 74.
N. c. Archer, 1958: 3, f. 3-6 (f, Dm, elevated from subspecies of N. clavipes).
mf constricta Karsch, 1879....................Tropical Africa
N. c. Karsch, 1879e: 834, pl. 11, f. 4 (Df).
N. lucasi Simon, 1887a: 270 (Df).
N. baculigera Thorell, 1899: 36 (Dm).
N. c. Dahl, 1912a: 42, 55.
mf edulis (Labillardière, 1799)....................Australia, New Caledonia
Aranea e. Labillardière, 1799: 239, pl. 12, f. 4-6 (Df).
Epeira e. Walckenaer, 1842: 93.
N. imperatrix L. Koch, 1872a: 159, pl. 13, f. 3 (Df).
N. e. Thorell, 1875e: 131.
N. eremiana Hogg, 1896: 318, pl. 24, f. 3 (Df).
N. e. Dahl, 1912a: 35, 69, 71.
N. e. Berland, 1931b: 670, f. 16-19 (f, Dm).
N. e. Uhl & Vollrath, 1998: 39, f. 1-4 (mf).
f fenestrata Thorell, 1859....................South Africa
N. f. Thorell, 1859: 299 (Df).
N. pilipes f. Strand, 1907n: 608.
N. f. Dahl, 1912a: 42, 65, 67.
N. pilipes f. Benoit, 1962b: 225, 231 (subspecies range).
f fenestrata fuelleborni Dahl, 1912....................East Africa
N. f. f. Dahl, 1912a: 67 (Df).
N. pilipes fuelleborni Benoit, 1963b: 29 (removed from S of N. f. venusta).
mf fenestrata venusta (Blackwall, 1865)....................West, Central Africa
Epeira pilipes Lucas, 1858: 416 (40), pl. 13, f. 7 (f, misidentified).
N. v. Blackwall, 1865b: 345 (Df).
N. dasycnemis Gerstäcker, 1873: 498 (Df).
N. obsoleta Gerstäcker, 1873: 498 (Df).
N. f. v. Dahl, 1912a: 42, 66, 79 (m).
N. f. Lessert, 1936: 242, f. 38 (m).
N. pilipes pilipes Benoit, 1962b: 225, 231 (subspecies range).
mf inaurata (Walckenaer, 1842)....................Mauritius, Rodriguez, Réunion
Epeira i. Walckenaer, 1842: 94 (Df).
Epeira geniculata Walckenaer, 1842: 96 (Df).
Epeira i. Vinson, 1863: 183, 310, pl. 5, f. 1 (f).
Epeira nigra Vinson, 1863: 187, 311, pl. 6, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
N. ardentipes Butler, 1876b: 443 (Df).
N. ardentipes Butler, 1878a: 503, pl. 52, f. 1 (f).
N. nigra Strand, 1906h: 51.
Araneus geniculatus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 293.
N. i. Dahl, 1912a: 57.
N. i. Derouet & Dresco, 1956: 9, f. 1-4 (m).
mf inaurata madagascariensis (Vinson, 1863)....................South Africa to Seychelles
Epeira m. Vinson, 1863: 191, 311, pl. 7, f. 1 (Df).
N. cothurnata Gerstäcker, 1873: 499 (Df).
N. argyrotoxa Gerstäcker, 1873: 502 (Df).
N. m. Thorell, 1875e: 134.
N. m. Karsch, 1879e: 841, pl. 11, f. 7-9 (Dm).
N. i. m. Dahl, 1912a: 57, 72.
N. m. Bonnet, 1929b: 513, pl. 2, f. 1-10 (mf).
N. m. Benoit, 1962a: 231 (elevated to species, rejected).
N. m. Wiehle, 1960c: 462, f. 7 (f).
N. m. Wiehle, 1967b: 195, f. 47, 50 (mf).
N. m. Wiehle, 1967c: 199, f. 13 (f).
N. i. seychellensis Canard, 1975: 778 (Df).
N. i. m. Benoit, 1978f: 673 (S).
N. i. Saaristo, 1978: 119, f. 203-210 (mf).
N. i. m. Schult & Sellenschlo, 1983: 222, f. 6, 13-14 (mf).
N. i. m. Schmidt & Jocqué, 1986: 209, f. 4-5 (f).
f kuhlii Doleschall, 1859....................India to Sulawesi
Epeira k. Doleschall, 1859: 27, pl. 9, f. 7 (Df).
N. k. Thorell, 1887: 150.
N. k. Tikader, 1982a: 104, f. 198-201 (removed f from S of N. pilipes).
mf laurinae Thorell, 1881....................China to Solomon Is.
Epeira imperialis Doleschall, 1857: 413 (Df; preoccupied by Walckenaer, 1805).
Epeira imperialis Doleschall, 1859: 28, pl. 12, f. 2 (j).
N. imperialis Thorell, 1878b: 118.
N. l. Thorell, 1881: 142 (Df).
N. imperialis Dahl, 1912a: 36, 59 (Dm).
N. imperialis Liao, Chen & Song, 1984: 69, f. 1A-C (mf).
N. imperialis Song, 1987: 173, f. 133 (mf).
N. imperialis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 124O-P, 125D (mf).
f laurinae novemmecklenburgiae (Strand, 1911)....................South Pacific Is.
N. imperialis n. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
f meridionalis Hogg, 1910....................South Australia
N. m. Hogg, 1910b: 59, pl. 18, f. 1 (Df).
f meridionalis hermitis Hogg, 1914....................South Australia
N. m. h. Hogg, 1914b: 72, pl. 4, f. 2 (Df).
mf pilipes (Fabricius, 1793) *....................China, Philippines to Australia
Aranea longipes Fabricius 1781: 545 (Df; preoccupied by Fuesslin, 1775).
Aranea maculata Fabricius, 1793: 424 (D, preoccupied by Olivier, 1789).
Aranea p. Fabricius, 1793: 425 (Df).
Aranea sebae Walckenaer, 1802: 55 (Df).
Epeira chrysogaster Walckenaer, 1805: 53 (D).
N. maculata Leach, 1815: 134, pl. 110 (f).
N. fuscipes C. L. Koch, 1839a: 136, f. 528 (Df).
Epeira chrysogaster Walckenaer, 1842: 92 (Df).
Epeira fuscipes Walckenaer, 1842: 97.
Epeira doreyana Walckenaer, 1842: 100 (Df).
Epeira caliginosa Walckenaer, 1842: 100 (Df).
N. ornata Adams, 1847: 291 (Df).
Epeira penicillum Doleschall, 1857: 413 (Df).
Epeira chrysogaster Doleschall, 1859: 27, pl. 14, f. 2, pl. 11, f. 2 (f).
Epeira harpyia Doleschall, 1859: 28, pl. 14, f. 1 (Df).
N. chrysogaster O. P.-Cambridge, 1871b: 620, pl. 49, f. 3-4 (f, Dm).
Meta ornata L. Koch, 1872a: 134, pl. 11, f. 6 (j).
N. fuscipes L. Koch, 1872a: 156, pl. 13, f. 1 (f).
N. pecuniosa L. Koch, 1872a: 157, pl. 13, f. 2 (Df).
N. aurosa L. Koch, 1872a: 160, pl. 13, f. 4 (Df).
N. procera L. Koch, 1872a: 162, pl. 14, f. 1 (Df).
N. sulphurosa L. Koch, 1872a: 163, pl. 14, f. 2 (Df).
N. tenuipes L. Koch, 1872a: 165, pl. 13, f. 5 (Df).
N. maculata McCook, 1894: 254, pl. 23, f. 4 (f).
N. maculata Simon, 1894a: 755, f. 832-833 (mf).
N. submaculata Strand, 1906c: 30 (Df).
N. maculata Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 193, pl. 11, f. 208 (f).
N. maculata Dahl, 1912a: 35, 52.
N. maculata Saito, 1959: 117, f. 140a-d (f).
N. maculata Chrysanthus, 1959: 197, f. 2, 11, 24 (f).
N. maculata Chrysanthus, 1960: 23, f. 3-4 (m).
N. maculata Wiehle, 1967b: 195, f. 51 (f).
N. maculata Levi, 1980a: 17, f. 16-22 (mf).
N. maculata Tikader, 1982a: 97, f. 187-190 (f).
N. p. Schult & Sellenschlo, 1983: 222, f. 4-5, 11-12 (mf).
N. maculata Wunderlich, 1986: 197, f. 163 (m).
N. maculata Song, 1987: 174, f. 134 (mf).
N. p. Barrion et al., 1988: 248, f. 1, 2a-e (f).
N. maculata Chikuni, 1989b: 80, f. 52 (mf).
N. maculata Hu & Wu, 1989: 106, f. 81.1-3 (mf).
N. maculata Feng, 1990: 97, f. 72.1-5 (mf).
N. maculata Chen & Zhang, 1991: 111, f. 105.1-4 (mf).
N. maculata Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 560, f. 346a-c, 347a-e (mf).
N. p. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 124Q-R, 125E (mf).
f pilipes annulipes Thorell, 1881....................Indonesia
N. maculata a. Thorell, 1881: 146 (Df).
f pilipes flavornata Merian, 1911....................Sulawesi
N. maculata f. Merian, 1911: 195 (Df).
f pilipes hasselti (Doleschall, 1859)....................Java
Epeira hasseltii Doleschall, 1859: 27, pl. 13, f. 5 (Df).
N. maculata h. Hogg, 1915a: 440.
j pilipes jalorensis (Simon, 1901)....................India
N. maculata j. Simon, 1901k: 58 (Dj).
f pilipes lauterbachi (Dahl, 1912)....................New Guinea
N. maculata l. Dahl, 1912a: 53 (Df).
f pilipes malagassa (Strand, 1907)....................Madagascar
N. maculata m. Strand, 1907a: 533 (Df).
N. maculata m. Strand, 1907n: 609 (Df).
f pilipes novaeguineae (Strand, 1906)....................New Guinea
N. maculata n. Strand, 1906d: 261 (Df).
f pilipes piscatorum Vis, 1911....................Queensland
N. maculata p. Vis, 1911: 167 (Df).
f pilipes walckenaeri (Doleschall, 1857)....................Java
Epeira w. Doleschall, 1857: 413 (Df).
Epeira w. Doleschall, 1859: pl. 1, f. 4, pl. 2, f. 4 (f).
N. w. Thorell, 1877b: 447.
N. maculata w. Hogg, 1915a: 441.
f pictithorax Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
N. p. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 469, pl. 20, f. 40 (Df).
mf plumipes (Latreille, 1804)....................New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia
Aranea p. Latreille, 1804a: 275 (Df).
N. cunninghamii MacLeay, 1827: 468 (D).
N. venosa L. Koch, 1867b: 183 (Df).
N. prolixa L. Koch, 1872a: 149, pl. 12, f. 2 (Df).
N. victorialis L. Koch, 1872a: 150, pl. 12, f. 3 (Df).
N. nigritarsis L. Koch, 1872a: 152, pl. 12, f. 4 (Df).
N. flagellans L. Koch, 1872a: 153, pl. 12, f. 5-6 (Dmf).
N. venosa L. Koch, 1872a: 148, pl. 12, f. 1 (j).
N. labillardierii Thorell, 1875e: 130, pl. 25, f. 1-2 (Df).
N. p. Blackwall, 1877: 19, pl. 2, f. 13 (Dm).
N. insularis Keyserling, 1887a: 215, pl. 19, f. 5 (Df).
N. fletcheri Rainbow, 1895: 347, pl. 22, f. 1 (Df).
N. edwardsii Rainbow, 1895: 349, pl. 22, f. 2 (Df).
N. ventricosa Rainbow, 1895: 351, pl. 23, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
N. ornata Rainbow, 1896a: 320, pl. 18, f. 1 (Df).
N. picta Rainbow, 1896a: 321, pl. 19, f. 1 (Df).
N. nigritarsis insulicola Pocock, 1900b: 160 (D).
N. p. Dahl, 1912a: 35, 60.
N. prolixa Strand, 1915d: 206, pl. 16, f. 49 (mf).
N. p. Berland, 1924a: 218, f. 121 (m).
N. p. Berland, 1931b: 671, f. 12-15 (mf).
N. p. Chrysanthus, 1971: 42, f. 87-91 (mf).
N. p. Davies, 1988b: 296, f. 19 (mf).
f robusta Tikader, 1962....................India
N. r. Tikader, 1962b: 566 (Df).
N. r. Tikader, 1982a: 100, f. 191-194 (f).
f sarasinorum Merian, 1911....................Sulawesi
N. s. Merian, 1911: 198, pl. 9, f. 10-11 (Df).
mf senegalensis (Walckenaer, 1842)....................West Africa to Ethiopia
Epeira s. Walckenaer, 1842: 94 (Df).
Epeira aubryi Lucas, 1858: 412 (36) (Df).
Epeira armillipes Doumerc, 1864: 231, pl. 5, f. 1 (Df).
N. grayii Blackwall, 1865a: 96 (Df).
N. aubryi Brito Capello, 1866: 85, pl. 2, f. 3 (Df).
N. s. Simon, 1885d: 371 (Dm).
N. s. calabarensis Strand, 1908c: 2 (Df).
N. s. Dahl, 1912a: 43, 69.
N. s. Berland, 1936: 84, f. 30 (m).
N. s. Clausen, 1987: 147, f. 1 (m).
N. s. Reiche, 1992: 10, f. 3 (m).
mf senegalensis annulata (Thorell, 1859)....................Namibia, South Africa
N. a. Thorell, 1859: 299 (Df).
N. lineata Thorell, 1859: 299 (Df).
N. transvaalica Pocock, 1892c: 180, pl. 5, f. 4 (Df).
N. s. windhukensis Strand, 1906h: 52 (Df).
N. s. a. Dahl, 1912a: 43, 69, 72 (Dm).
mf senegalensis bragantina Brito Capello, 1886....................Central Africa
N. b. Brito Capello, 1867: 11, pl. 2, f. 4 (Df).
N. s. b. Dahl, 1912a: 43, 70, 72.
N. s. boehmi Dahl, 1912a: 69, 72 (Dmf).
N. s. b. Benoit, 1962b: 227 (S).
f senegalensis hildebrandti Dahl, 1912....................Madagascar
N. s. h. Dahl, 1912a: 69, 72 (Df).
f senegalensis huebneri Dahl, 1912....................East Africa
N. s. h. Dahl, 1912a: 70, 72 (Df).
f senegalensis keyserlingi (Blackwall, 1865)....................Congo, East Africa
N. kyserlingii Blackwall, 1865b: 343 (Df).
N. hymenaea Gerstäcker, 1873: 497, pl. 18, f. 11 (Df).
N. s. k. Pocock, 1898e: 434.
N. s. k. Dahl, 1912a: 43, 69, 71.
f senegalensis nyikae Pocock, 1898....................East Africa
N. s. n. Pocock, 1898e: 435 (Df).
f senegalensis schweinfurthi Simon, 1890....................Yemen
N. schweinfurthi Simon, 1890a: 105 (Df).
N. s. s. Canard & Dresco, 1975: 790, f. 1-4 (f, subspecific name removed from S of N. sumptuosa).
mf sexpunctata Giebel, 1867....................Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
N. sexpunctata Giebel, 1867a: 325 (Df).
N. fontanae Holmberg, 1876: 18 (Df).
N. chacoensis Badcock, 1932: 16, f. 11 (Dmf; N.B.: omitted by Roewer).
N. dubia Badcock, 1932: 17 (Df).
N. sexpunctata Mello-Leitão, 1941d: 155, f. 51 (m).
N. s. Mello-Leitão, 1944b: 321 (removed f from S of N. clavipes vespucea, S).
N. s. Levi & Eickstedt, 1989: 46, f. 5-15 (f, Sm).
mf sumptuosa Gerstäcker, 1873....................East Africa, Socotra
N. s. Gerstäcker, 1873: 501, pl. 18, f. 12 (Df).
N. amoenula Gerstäcker, 1873: 500 (Df).
N. bennetti O. P.-Cambridge, 1898b: 387, pl. 31, f. 2 (Df).
N. s. Pocock, 1903g: 189, pl. 14, f. 2 (f, Dm).
N. s. Dahl, 1912a: 43, 69, 71 (Df).
f tetragnatoides (Walckenaer, 1842)....................Samoa, Tonga, Fiji
Epeira t. Walckenaer, 1842: 100 (Df).
Epeira durvilla Walckenaer, 1842: 103 (Df).
N. tetragnathoides Dahl, 1912a: 35, 60.
mf turneri Blackwall, 1833....................West, Central Africa
N. t. Blackwall, 1833: 350 (Df).
Epeira femoralis Lucas, 1858: 414, pl. 12, f. 4 (Df).
N. vittata Keyserling, 1864: 142, pl. 5, f. 1-2 (Df).
N. femoralis Pocock, 1899e: 848.
N. femoralis Simon, 1903e: 83 (Dm).
N. femoralis carbonaria Simon, 1903e: 83 (Df).
N. femoralis obscurascens Strand, 1906h: 5 (Df).
N. femoralis fuscipes Strand, 1906h: 50 (Df).
N. t. Dahl, 1912a: 42, 62, 79 (m).
N. dolabella Thorell, 1899: 37 (Dm).
N. t. Benoit, 1962b: 227 (S).
N. t. Canard & Dresco, 1975: 793, f. 5-9 (m).
f turneri orientalis Benoit, 1964....................Central, East Africa
N. t. o. Benoit, 1964b: 317 (Df).
f vitiana (Walckenaer, 1847)....................Indonesia, Sulawesi, to Fiji, Tonga
Epeira v. Walckenaer, 1847a: 471 (Df).
N. wallacei Thorell, 1877b: 449 (Df).
N. piepersii Thorell, 1877b: 451 (Df).
N. piepersii Merian, 1911: 197, pl. 9, f. 8-9.
N. v. Dahl, 1912a: 36, 59, 61.
f borbonica (Vinson, 1863)....................Mauritius, Bourbon, Rodriguez, Réunion
Epeira b. Vinson, 1863: 170, 309, pl. 4, f. 1 (Df).
Nephila instigans Butler, 1876b: 442 (Df).
Nephila instigans Butler, 1878a: 504, pl. 52, f. 10 (f).
N. cruentata b. Dahl, 1912a: 77.
N. b. Benoit, 1963a: 369 (elevated from subspecies of N. cruentata).
mf borbonica livida (Vinson, 1863)....................Madagascar, Comoro Is., Seychelles
Epeira l. Vinson, 1863: 175, 310, pl. 14, f. 1 (Df).
Nephila cruentata Lenz, 1891: 180, pl. 2, f. 19 (f, Dm, misidentified).
N. cruentata l. Dahl, 1912a: 77.
N. b. l. Benoit, 1963a: 368 (T from subspecies of N. cruentata).
N. b. l. Schmidt & Jocqué, 1986: 209, f. 7-9 (mf).
mf cruentata (Fabricius, 1775)....................Tropical Africa & America
Aranea c. Fabricius, 1775: 439 (Df).
Epeira diadela Walckenaer, 1842: 54 (Df).
Epeira brasiliensis Walckenaer, 1842: 101 (Df).
Epeira azzara Walckenaer, 1842: 102 (Df).
Nephila genualis Gerstäcker, 1873: 503 (Df).
Nephila borbonica mossambicensis Karsch, 1878a: 319, pl. 1, f. 3 (Df).
Nephila brasiliensis Bertkau, 1880a: 83, pl. 2, f. 29 (f).
N. c. Simon, 1887a: 271.
Araneus diadelus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 289.
N. c. Dahl, 1912a: 47, 77, 79 (Dm).
Nephila c. chiloangensis Strand, 1918: 109 (Df).
N. c. Lessert, 1936: 244, f. 39 (m).
N. c. Saaristo, 1978: 120, f. 211-223 (mf).
N. c. Roberts, 1983: 284, f. 222-224 (m).
N. c. Schmidt & Jocqué, 1986: 209, f. 10-11 (mf).
N. c. Levi & Eickstedt, 1989: 48, f. 16-25 (mf, S).
N. c. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 323, f. 5E-F, 12A-E (m).
mf hirta Taczanowski, 1873....................French Guiana
N. h. Taczanowski, 1873: 149 (Df).
f kenmorei Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
N. k. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 565, f. 349a-j (Df).
mf malabarensis (Walckenaer, 1842) *....................India to Philippines, Australia
Epeira m. Walckenaer, 1842: 103 (Df).
Epeira anama Walckenaer, 1842: 102 (Df).
Epeira malabarica Doleschall, 1857: 420 (Df).
Epeira rhodosternon Doleschall, 1859: 40, pl. 12, f. 6 (Df).
Nephila rivulata O. P.-Cambridge, 1871b: 618, pl. 49, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
N. schmeltzii L. Koch, 1872a: 144, pl. 11, f. 7 (Df).
N. hofmanni L. Koch, 1872a: 145, pl. 11, f. 8 (Df).
N. m. Thorell, 1878b: 123 (m).
N. m. papuana Thorell, 1881: 156 (Df).
Nephila urna Hasselt, 1882: 28, pl. 4, f. 12-14 (Dm).
Nephila m. Simon, 1894a: 745, f. 827 (m).
N. rainbowi Hogg, 1899: 141, pl. 13, f. 1 (Df).
Nephila m. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 192, pl. 11, f. 216 (f).
Nephila m. Dahl, 1912a: 46, 49.
Nephila m. Chrysanthus, 1959: 199, f. 4, 8, 28 (f).
Nephila m. Wiehle, 1967b: 195, f. 48 (m).
Nephila m. Chrysanthus, 1971: 42, f. 92-93 (m).
Metepeira andamanensis Tikader, 1977a: 181, f. 12A-C (Df).
Nephila m. Tikader, 1982a: 95, f. 183-186 (f, S).
Nephila m. Millidge, 1988c: 258, f. 24 (m).
N. m. Davies, 1988b: 296, f. 20 (mf).
N. m. Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989a: 624, f. 11-14 (f).
Nephila m. Yin et al., 1990: 3, f. 6-9 (mf).
N. m. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 565, f. 350a-c (f).
N. m. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 217, f. 125F-I (mf).
f niahensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989....................Borneo
N. n. Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989a: 626, f. 15-16 (Df).
mf sasakii Tanikawa, 2001....................Japan
O. s. Tanikawa, 2001: 19, f. 2-8 (Dmf).
In synonymy:
O. fastuosa (Thorell, 1877, T from Leucauge) = O. fastigata (Simon, 1877) (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 540, sub Leucauge).
mf fastigata (Simon, 1877)....................India to Philippines, Sulawesi
Meta f. Simon, 1877b: 79, pl. 3, f. 10 (Df).
Meta fastuosa Thorell, 1877b: 413 (Df).
Meta elegans Thorell, 1877b: 416 (Df).
Callinethis elegans Thorell, 1887: 134.
Callinethis fastuosa Thorell, 1890a: 193.
Callinethis elegans Thorell, 1895: 156 (Dm).
Argyroepeira fastigiata Simon, 1894a: 732, f. 817 (f).
Callinethis elegans Workman & Workman, 1894: 22, pl. 22 (f).
Argyroepeira f. Pocock, 1900a: 216.
Leucauge fastigiata Simon, 1905c: 61.
Argyroepeira fastuosa Merian, 1911: 188.
Leucauge fastuosa Roewer, 1938: 48, f. 32 (f).
O. fastigiata Archer, 1951a: 9 (Tmf from Leucauge).
Leucauge f. Tikader, 1982a: 76, f. 151-154 (f).
Leucauge f. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 540, f. 335a-f (f, S).
f fastigata korinchica (Hogg, 1919)....................Sumatra
Leucauge f. k. Hogg, 1919: 89 (Df).
mf grata (Guérin, 1838) *....................Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Is.
Epeira g. Guérin, 1838b: 51 (Df).
Epeira coccinea Doleschall, 1857: 421 (Df).
Epeira coccinea Doleschall, 1859: 5, pl. 1, f. 2 (f).
Meta coccinea Thorell, 1878b: 89.
Meta coccinea Keyserling, 1887a: 208, pl. 18, f. 8 (f).
Leucauge g. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 454, pl. 19, f. 30-31, 36, 38 (f, Dm).
Leucauge g. Berland, 1938: 168, f. 112-118 (mf).
Leucauge g. Roewer, 1938: 49, f. 34 (f).
O. g. Archer, 1951a: 8, f. 10, 13-14 (Tmf from Leucauge).
Leucauge g. Chrysanthus, 1963: 729, f. 18-23 (m).
Leucauge g. Chrysanthus, 1975: 21, f. 78-80 (f).
f grata anirensis (Strand, 1911)....................Anir Is.
Leucauge g. a. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
Leucauge g. a. Strand, 1915d: 200, pl. 13, f. 5 (f).
f grata bukaensis (Strand, 1911)....................New Ireland, Solomon Is.
Leucauge g. b. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
Leucauge g. b. Strand, 1915d: 200, pl. 13, f. 2 (f).
f grata maitlandensis (Strand, 1911)....................New Ireland
Leucauge g. m. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
Leucauge g. m. Strand, 1915d: 200, pl. 13, f. 6 (f).
f grata mathiasensis (Strand, 1911)....................St. Mathias Is.
Leucauge g. m. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
Leucauge g. m. Strand, 1915d: 200, pl. 13, f. 8 (f).
f grata salomonum (Strand, 1911)....................Solomon Is.
Leucauge g. s. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
Leucauge g. s. Strand, 1915d: 200, pl. 13, f. 10, pl. 15, f. 41 (f).
f grata squallyensis (Strand, 1911)....................Squally Is.
Leucauge g. s. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
Leucauge g. s. Strand, 1915d: 199, pl. 13, f. 3, pl. 15, f. 43 (f).
f grata tomaensis (Strand, 1911)....................New Britain
Leucauge g. t. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
Leucauge g. t. Strand, 1915d: 200, p. 13, f. 4, pl. 15, f. 42 (f).
f cavernicola (Thorell, 1878)....................Amboina
Meta c. Thorell, 1878b: 102 (Df).
O. c. Simon, 1894a: 736.
f elberti Strand, 1911....................Timor
O. e. Strand, 1911b: 204 (Df).
O. e. Strand, 1915d: 197, pl. 16, f. 48 (f).
mf lagenifera (Urquhart, 1888)....................New Zealand
Linyphia l. Urquhart, 1888: 111, pl. 11, f. 4 (Df).
Tetragnatha herbigrada Urquhart, 1890c: 253 (Dmf).
Tetragnatha arborea Urquhart, 1891a: 172, pl. 24, f. 9 (Dmf).
O. australis Simon, 1899b: 423 (Df).
O. herbigrada Dalmas, 1917a: 369, f. 38 (mf).
O. l. Bryant, 1933b: 21.
mf listeri Gravely, 1921....................India
O. l. Gravely, 1921b: 449, f. 7c (Dmf).
mf lorentzi Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
O. lorentzii Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 451, pl. 19, f. 27, 29, 34-35 (Dmf).
mf marmorea Pocock, 1901....................India
O. m. Pocock, 1901d: 479 (Df).
O. m. Gravely, 1921b: 448, f. 7a-b (f, Dm).
f monulfi Chrysanthus, 1971....................New Guinea
O. m. Chrysanthus, 1971: 40, f. 82-84 (Df).
m phrygiana Simon, 1901....................Malaysia
O. p. Simon, 1901k: 56 (Dm).
f pilatrix (Thorell, 1878)....................Amboina
Meta p. Thorell, 1878b: 99 (Df).
O. p. Simon, 1895a: 730, f. 805 (f).
mf sarasini Berland, 1924....................New Caledonia
O. s. Berland, 1924a: 210, f. 108-112 (Dmf).
f trappensis Schenkel, 1953....................China
O. t. Schenkel, 1953b: 32, f. 16a-c (Df).
mf vethi (Hasselt, 1882) *....................Malaysia, Sumatra, Java
Pachygnatha vethii Hasselt, 1882: 32 (Dm).
O. v. Thorell, 1890a: 209 (Df).
O. v. Simon, 1895a: 736, f. 798-800.
mf vorkampiana Strand, 1907....................Madagascar
O. v. Strand, 1907d: 730 (Dmf).
O. v. Strand, 1907o: 39 (Dmf).
mf africana Strand, 1906....................Ethiopia
P. a. Strand, 1906b: 616 (Dm).
P. a. Strand, 1908l: 29 (Df).
m amurensis Strand, 1907....................Russia
P. a. Strand, 1907k: 147 (Dm).
mf atromarginata Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon
P. a. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 340, f. 100-111 (Dmf).
mf autumnalis Marx, 1884....................USA, Canada, Cuba
P. a. Marx, in Keyserling, 1884b: 660, pl. 21, f. 10 (Dm).
P. a. Emerton, 1884: 337, pl. 34, f. 22, pl. 40, f, 9 (m, Df).
P. a. McCook, 1894: 268, pl. 26, f. 1-2 (mf).
P. a. Kaston, 1948: 266, f. 840, 849 (m).
P. a. Gertsch, 1979: 90, f. 3F (m).
P. a. Levi, 1980a: 58, f. 152-153, 155, 158-159, 202-213 (mf).
P. a. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 326, f. 7J-L (m).
mf bonneti Senglet, 1973....................Spain
P. b. Senglet, 1973a: 302, f. 6-8, 17-18 (Dmf).
mf brevis Keyserling, 1884....................USA, Canada
P. b. Keyserling, 1884b: 658 (D).
P. b. Emerton, 1884: 336, pl. 34, f. 21, pl. 40, f. 8, 10 (mf).
P. b. McCook, 1894: 267, pl. 26, f. 9, 19 (mf).
P. b. Kaston, 1948: 267, f. 841, 857 (m).
P. xanthostoma Kaston, 1977: 35 (S, rejected).
P. b. Levi, 1980a: 54, f. 178-189 (mf).
m calusa Levi, 1980....................USA
P. c. Levi, 1980a: 62, f. 251-254 (Dm).
mf clercki Sundevall, 1823 *....................Holarctic
P. clerckii Sundevall, 1823: 16 (Dmf).
Theridion maxillosum Hahn, 1826: pl. 15, f. B (Df).
Manduculus ambiguus Blackwall, 1833: 111 (Dmf).
Theridion maxillosum Hahn, 1834: 37, f. 122 (f).
Manduculus ambiguus Blackwall, 1834b: 359, pl. 3, f. 3-5 (mf).
Linyphia maxillosa Walckenaer, 1842: 267 (in part).
Linyphia c. Walckenaer, 1842: 270.
P. maxillosa Doleschall, 1852: 636.
P. listeri C. L. Koch, 1845: 142, f. 1064 (m, misidentified).
P. c. Blackwall, 1864a: 318, pl. 22, f. 233 (mf).
P. c. Menge, 1866: 95, pl. 16, f. 28 (mf).
P. c. Thorell, 1870a: 75.
P. c. Hansen, 1882: 28, pl. 2, f. 4 (mf).
P. c. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 141, pl. 6, f. 4 (mf).
P. c. Simon, 1894a: 716, f. 793 (m).
P. c. Becker, 1896: 68, pl. 13, f. 1 (mf).
P. c. Bösenberg, 1901: 56, pl. 4, f. 50 (mf).
P. c. Simon, 1929: 644, 748, f. 989-990 (mf).
P. c. Reimoser, 1932: 62, f. 6 (mf).
P. c. Drensky, 1943: 248, f. 32-34 (mf).
P. sewardi Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 64, f. 76-78 (Dmf).
P. c. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 106, f. 71, 72, 73A, D (mf).
P. c. Chrysanthus, 1955c: 56, f. 1A-D (m).
P. c. Wiehle, 1963a: 61, f. 12, 99-106 (mf).
P. c. Namkung, 1964: 40, f. 31 (f).
P. c. Azheganova, 1968: 92, f. 197-200, 220 (mf).
P. c. Tyschchenko, 1971: 202, f. 609 (f).
P. c. Palmgren, 1974a: 52, f. 26a-b, g (mf).
P. c. Punda, 1975b: 12, f. 15 (m).
P. c. Brignoli, 1978o: 288, f. 8 (f).
P. c. Paik & Namkung, 1979: 51, f. 34.1-2 (mf).
P. c. Song, 1980: 132, f. 70a-f (mf).
P. c. Levi, 1980a: 59, f. 226-237 (mf, S).
P. c. Heimer, 1982: 46, f. 16 (m).
P. c. Hu, 1984: 139, f. 142.1-6 (mf).
P. c. Roberts, 1985: 199, f. 88g, 89g (mf).
P. c. Guo, 1985: 82, f. 2-31.1-4 (mf).
P. c. Wunderlich, 1985b: 327, f. 7-10 (m).
P. c. Yaginuma, 1986a: 129, f. 69.2 (mf).
P. c. Chikuni, 1989b: 90, f. 3 (m).
P. c. Hu & Wu, 1989: 111, f. 86.1-8 (mf).
P. c. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 58, f. 121 (mf).
P. c. Roberts, 1995: 300, f. (mf).
P. c. Mcheidze, 1997: 285, f. 645-649 (mf).
P. c. Roberts, 1998: 314, f. (mf).
P. c. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 60, f. 13, 38, 60 (mf).
mf clerckoides Wunderlich, 1985....................Balkans
P. c. Wunderlich, 1985b: 325, f. 1-6 (Dmf).
mf degeeri Sundevall, 1830....................Palearctic
P. degeerii Sundevall, 1830: 24 (Dmf).
Theridion vernale Hahn, 1834: 38, f. 123 (Df).
Linyphia d. Walckenaer, 1842: 269.
Manduculus vernalis Blackwall, 1843: 125.
P. d. C. L. Koch, 1845: 143, f. 1065 (m).
P. clerckii C. L. Koch, 1845: 146, f. 1067 (f, misidentified).
Theridion rufithorax Lucas, 1846: 259, pl. 16, f. 8 (Df).
P. vernalis Doleschall, 1852: 636.
P. d. Blackwall, 1864a: 321, pl. 22, f. 235 (mf).
Eucharium rufithorax Simon, 1864: 168.
P. d. Menge, 1866: 98, pl. 16, f. 30 (mf).
P. d. Thorell, 1870a: 76.
P. d. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 141, pl. 6, f. 6 (mf).
P. d. Becker, 1896: 65, pl. 12, f. 2 (mf).
P. d. Bösenberg, 1901: 57, pl. 4, f. 52 (mf).
P. d. Simon, 1929: 644, 748, f. 992-993 (mf).
P. d. Drensky, 1943: 249, f. 32-34 (mf).
P. d. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 110, f. 73B (m).
P. d. Wiehle, 1963a: 72, f. 115-124 (mf).
P. d. Tyschchenko, 1971: 202, f. 607 (m).
P. d. Miller, 1971: 198, pl. XXXVI, f. 22-23 (mf).
P. d. Palmgren, 1974a: 52, f. 26e-f, i (mf).
P. d. Punda, 1975b: 47, f. 89-91 (mf).
P. d. Ledoux & Canard, 1981: 12, f. 27 (m).
P. d. Roberts, 1985: 199, f. 88h, 89h (mf).
P. d. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 58, f. 120 (mf).
P. d. Roberts, 1995: 301, f. (mf).
P. d. Mcheidze, 1997: 286, f. 693 (m).
P. d. Roberts, 1998: 315, f. (mf).
m degeeri dysdericolor Jocqué, 1977....................Morocco
P. d. d. Jocqué, 1977c: 333 (Dm).
mf dorothea McCook, 1894....................USA, Canada
P. d. McCook, 1894: 270, pl. 26, f. 3-4 (Dmf).
P. d. Bryant, 1933a: 176, pl. 4, f. 37-41 (mf).
P. kuratai Levi, 1951: 15, f. 29-31 (Dmf).
P. kuratai Levi & Field, 1954: 452, f. 38, 43-44 (m).
P. d. Levi & Field, 1954: 452, f. 39-41 (removed mf from S of P. autumnalis).
P. d. Levi, 1980a: 56, f. 190-201 (mf, S).
mf furcillata Keyserling, 1884....................USA
P. f. Keyserling, 1884b: 662, pl. 21, f. 11 (Df).
P. f. McCook, 1894: 271, pl. 28, f. 3 (f).
P. f. Banks, 1913: 180, pl. 11, f. 3 (m).
P. f. Bryant, 1933a: 177, pl. 4, f. 38-39 (mf).
P. f. Kaston, 1948: 267, f. 842, 858 (removed mf from S of P. brevis).
P. f. Levi, 1980a: 53, f. 154, 156-157, 162-177 (mf).
P. f. Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 47 (m).
m goedeli Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon
P. g. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 343, f. 123-126 (Dm).
mf hexatracheata Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon
P. h. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 332, f. 52-65 (Dmf).
mf jansseni Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon
P. j. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 343, f. 112-122 (Dmf).
m kiwuana Strand, 1913....................Congo
P. k. Strand, 1913a: 355 (Dm).
P. k. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 326, f. 1-6 (m).
mf leleupi Lawrence, 1952....................Cameroon, Congo, Malawi, Zimbabwe
P. l. Lawrence, 1952b: 8, f. 4a-c (Df).
P. l. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 329, f. 33-51 (f, Dm).
mf listeri Sundevall, 1830....................Palearctic
P. l. Sundevall, 1830: 23 (Dmf).
Manduculus limatus Blackwall, 1841: 667 (Dmf).
Linyphia crocea Walckenaer, 1842: 266 (Df).
Linyphia manducula Walckenaer, 1847a: 482 (Df).
P. l. Blackwall, 1864a: 320, pl. 22, f. 234 (mf).
P. l. Menge, 1866: 96, pl. 16, f. 29 (mf).
Linyphia pentophthalmica Giebel, 1869c: 303 (Dm).
P. l. Thorell, 1870a: 75.
P. l. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 141, pl. 6, f. 5 (mf).
P. l. Simon, 1894a: 709, f. 785 (m).
P. l. Becker, 1896: 67, pl. 12, f. 3 (mf).
P. l. Bösenberg, 1901: 56, pl.4 , f. 51 (mf).
P. l. Simon, 1929: 644, 748, f. 991 (mf).
P. l. Drensky, 1943: 249, f. 32-34 (mf).
P. l. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 110, f. 73C, E (mf).
P. l. Wiehle, 1963a: 67, f. 107-114 (mf).
P. l. Tyschchenko, 1971: 202, f. 606, 608 (mf).
P. l. Miller, 1971: 197, pl. XXXVI, f. 21-22, pl. XXXVII, f. 4 (mf).
P. l. Palmgren, 1974a: 52, f. 26c-d, h (mf).
P. l. Brignoli, 1978o: 288, f. 7 (f).
P. l. Forster, 1980: 281, f. 17 (f).
P. l. Roberts, 1985: 199, f. 88i, 89i (mf).
P. l. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 58, f. 122 (mf).
P. l. Thaler, 1991b: 48, f. 4-6, 10-11, 16-17 (mf).
P. l. Roberts, 1995: 300, f. (mf).
P. l. Mcheidze, 1997: 285, f. 650-652 (mf).
P. l. Roberts, 1998: 314, f. (mf).
m longipes Simon, 1894....................Madagascar
P. l. Simon, 1894a: 717 (Dm).
P. l. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 329, f. 28-32 (m).
mf mucronata Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
P. m. Tullgren, 1910: 147, pl. 3, f. 68 (Df).
P. m. Caporiacco, 1949a: 351, f. 18a-b (Dm).
P. m. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 327, f. 12-15 (f; N.B.: m of Caporiacco, 1949 probably belongs to P. procincta).
mf mucronata comorana Schmidt & Krause, 1993....................Comoro Is.
P. m. c. Schmidt & Krause, 1993a: 9, f. 13-14 (Dmf; N.B.: figures in Schmidt and Krause, 1993c).
P. m. c. Schmidt & Krause, 1994a: 8, f. 4-5 (mf).
m ochongipina Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
P. o. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 492, f. 302a-j (Dm).
mf okuensis Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon
P. o. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 337, f. 90-99 (Dmf).
f opdeweerdtae Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon
P. o. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 343, f. 127-131 (Df).
mf palmquisti Tullgren, 1910....................Kenya, Tanzania
P. palmqvisti Tullgren, 1910: 146, pl. 3, f. 67 (Dmf).
P. palmqvisti Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 327, f. 16-27 (mf).
mf procincta Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon, Kenya
P. p. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 337, f. 82-89 (Dmf).
f rotunda Saito, 1939....................Japan
P. r. Saito, 1939: 61, f. 4(7), pl. 1, f. 12 (Df).
f ruanda Strand, 1913....................Rwanda
P. r. Strand, 1913a: 356 (Df).
P. r. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 326, f. 7-11 (f).
mf simoni Senglet, 1973....................Spain
P. s. Senglet, 1973a: 301, f. 1-5, 15-16 (Dmf).
mf sundevalli Senglet, 1973....................Portugal
P. s. Senglet, 1973a: 304, f. 9-11, 19-20 (Dmf).
mf terilis Thaler, 1991....................Switzerland, Austria, Italy
P. t. Thaler, 1991b: 48, f. 1-3, 7-9, 12-14 (Dmf).
mf tristriata C. L. Koch, 1845....................USA, Canada
P. t. C. L. Koch, 1845: 145, f. 1066 (Df).
P. t. Keyserling, 1884b: 656, pl. 11, f. 3 (mf).
P. t. McCook, 1894: 270, pl. 26, f. 6, pl. 28, f. 1 (mf).
P. t. Emerton, 1909: 202, pl. 5, f. 6 (mf).
P. t. Muma, 1943: 99, pl. XIV, f. 6 (m).
P. t. Kaston, 1948: 266, f. 838-839, 847-848 (m).
P. t. Levi, 1980a: 60, f. 238-250 (mf).
mf tullgreni Senglet, 1973....................Portugal
P. t. Senglet, 1973a: 305, f. 12-14, 21-22 (Dmf).
f vorax Thorell, 1895....................Myanmar
P. v. Thorell, 1895: 137 (Df).
mf xanthostoma C. L. Koch, 1845....................USA, Canada
P. x. C. L. Koch, 1845: 145, f. 1066 (Df).
P. x. Keyserling, 1884b: 659, pl. 21, f. 9 (Dm).
P. x. McCook, 1894: 269, pl. 26, f. 7-8 (mf).
P. mccooki Banks, 1916: 79 (Dmf).
P. x. Levi, 1980a: 58, f. 160-161, 214-225 (mf).
mf zappa Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994....................Cameroon, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa
P. z. Bosmans & Bosselaers, 1994: 332, f. 66-81 (Dmf).
f jugularis Simon, 1895 *....................Sierra Leone
P. j. Simon, 1895a: 930 (Df).
mf teres Thorell, 1895 *....................Myanmar
P. t. Thorell, 1895: 196 (Dmf).
mf bifurcochelis Schmidt & Krause, 1993 *....................Comoro Is.
P. b. Schmidt & Krause, 1993b: 3, f. 2-4 (Dmf).
P. b. Schmidt & Krause, 1994a: 11, f. 6-8 (mf).
Transferred to other genera:
P. acanthopus (Simon, 1907) -- see Singafrotypa.
In synonymy:
P. wagneri (Rainbow, 1896, T from Araneus) = P. graeffei (Keyserling, 1865) (Dondale, 1966: 1171).
mf graeffei (Keyserling, 1865) *....................Australia
Epeira graeffii Keyserling, 1865: 811, pl. 19, f. 12-13 (Df; patronym for Graeffe).
P. g. Simon, 1894a: 748, f. 829-831 (f).
Epeira wagneri Rainbow, 1896a: 325, pl. 19, f. 2 (Df).
P. g. Dondale, 1966: 1171, f. 5A-G (f, Sm).
P. g. Davies, 1988b: 288, f. 10 (mf).
P. g. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 323, f. 5K, 8A-G (m).
mf graeffei neocaledonica Berland, 1924....................New Caledonia
P. g. n. Berland, 1924a: 213, f. 113-117 (Dmf).
f guanga Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
P. g. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 522, f. 321a-g, 322a-e (Df).
mf joannae Berland, 1924....................New Caledonia
P. j. Berland, 1924a: 213, f. 118-120 (Dmf).
mf melania (L. Koch, 1871)....................Australia, Tasmania
Epeira m. L. Koch, 1871: 100, pl. 8, f. 3 (Df).
Meta m. Keyserling, 1887a: 207, pl. 18, f. 7 (Dm).
Singotypa m. Simon, 1894a: 749.
P. m. Dondale, 1966: 1172, f. 5H-O (mf).
P. m. Hickman, 1967: 56, f. 99-102 (mf).
mf melanopyga (L. Koch, 1871)....................Australia, Tasmania
Epeira m. L. Koch, 1871: 97, pl. 8, f. 2 (Df).
Singotypa melanopygia Rainbow, 1916a: 87, pl. 21, f. 9 (Dm).
f pallida (Dalmas, 1917)....................Western Australia
Singotypa p. Dalmas, 1917b: 435 (Dm).
f vicitra Sherriffs, 1928....................India
P. v. Sherriffs, 1928: 183, f. 1-2 (Df).
m setigera (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903) *....................Mexico
Leucauge s. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 441, pl. 42, f. 5 (Dm).
P. s. Archer, 1951a: 9, f. 11-12 (Tm from Leucauge).
mf gracilis Bryant, 1923....................Antigua
P. g. Bryant, 1923: 11, pl. 1, f. 3 (Dmf).
mf spinosa (O. P.-Cambridge, 1870) *....................Sri Lanka
Oeta s. O. P.-Cambridge, 1870d: 739, pl. 44, f. 7 (Dm).
Oeta s. Simon, 1894a: 524, f. 528-532 (m, Df).
S. s. Strand, 1934: 273 (replacement generic name).
S. s. Wunderlich, 1986: 216, f. 214.
f acanthopus (Simon, 1907) *....................Congo, Bioko
Singotypa a. Simon, 1907d: 281 (Df).
Singotypa a. Lessert, 1930: 626, f. 9 (f).
S. a. Benoit, 1962b: 219 (Tf from Singotypa=Phonognatha).
f goliath Benoit, 1963....................Ivory Coast
S. g. Benoit, 1963b: 30, f. 1-2 (Df; N.B.: omitted by Brignoli).
m concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1993 *....................Comoro Is.
S. c. Schmidt & Krause, 1993a: 7, f. 1 (Dm).
S. c. Schmidt & Krause, 1994a: 7, f. 3 (m).
Transferred to other genera:
T. lineata Blackwall, 1862 -- see Microlinyphia under Linyphiidae.
T. lutea Walckenaer, 1842 -- see Lyssomanes under Salticidae.
T. perlongipes O. P.-Cambridge, 1872 -- see Zygiometella.
In synonymy:
T. aduncata Wang, 1991 = T. hasselti Thorell, 1890 (Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221).
T. alba F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903 = T. laboriosa Hentz, 1850 (Chickering, 1957d: 329).
T. amplidens Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = T. tropica O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 (Chickering, 1957d: 347).
T. andina Taczanowski, 1878 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 291).
T. anirensis Strand, 1915 = T. biseriata Thorell, 1881 (Okuma, 1987: 66).
T. antillana Simon, 1897 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 291).
T. apheles Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = T. mexicana Keyserling, 1865 (Chickering, 1957d: 306, 333; f allotype = T. nitens, sub T. antillana).
T. aptans Chamberlin, 1920 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 292).
T. banksi McCook, 1894 = T. guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 (Chickering, 1957b: 11).
T. borealis L. Koch, 1879 = T. dearmata Thorell, 1873 (Holm, 1973: 98).
T. casula Walckenaer, 1842 = T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 113).
T. cliens Chamberlin, 1924 = T. nigrita Lendl, 1886 (Song, 1988: 126; Chamberlin's f = T. maxillosa, as per Okuma, 1983: 72).
T. conformans Chamberlin, 1924 = T. maxillosa Thorell, 1895 (Zhu, 1983: 39, sub T. japonica).
T. convexa Banks, 1898 = T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (Chickering, 1957a: 1).
T. culicivora Walckenaer, 1842 = T. elongata Walckenaer, 1805 (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 111).
T. dentigera F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903 = T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (Chickering, 1957b: 12).
T. eitapensis Strand, 1913 = T. ceylonica O. P.-Cambridge, 1869 (Okuma, 1987: 48).
T. elmora Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 292).
T. festina Bryant, 1945 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Chickering, 1957b: 12-13, sub T. antillana; f allotype = T. tenuissima (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889).
T. filiformis (Audouin, 1826) = T. flava (Audouin, 1826) (Simon, 1881a: 5).
T. fraterna Banks, 1898 = T. guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 (Chickering, 1957a: 1).
T. galapagoensis Banks, 1902 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 291).
T. groenlandica Thorell, 1872 = T. extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Braendegaard, 1946: 54, after Jackson, 1930).
T. haitiensis Bryant, 1945 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Chickering, 1957b: 2, sub T. antillana).
T. harrodi Levi, 1951 = T. dearmata Thorell, 1873 (Levi, 1981a: 300).
T. heatwolei Chrysanthus, 1975 = T. bituberculata L. Koch, 1867 (Okuma, 1987: 46).
T. hotingchiehi Schenkel, 1963 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Song, 1987: 185).
T. intermedia Banks, 1898 = T. guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 (Levi, 1981a: 296).
T. japonica Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = T. maxillosa Thorell, 1895 (Okuma, 1983: 72).
T. kaestneri (Crome, 1954) = T. reimoseri (Rosca, 1939) (Blick, Sammorey & Martin, 1993: 29, after Fuhn & Oltean, 1970).
T. laudativa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936 = T. guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942a: 62).
T. limnocharis Seeley, 1928 = T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (Levi, 1981a: 302).
T. listeri Gravely, 1921 = T. maxillosa Thorell, 1895 (Okuma, 1983: 72).
T. mackenziei Gravely, 1921 = T. vermiformis Emerton, 1884 (Okuma, 1983: 77).
T. maderiana Schenkel, 1938 (described as subspecies of T. extensa) = T. extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Wunderlich, 1992a: 363).
T. mandibulata bidentata Gravely, 1921 = T. boydi O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 (Okuma, 1983: 70).
T. manitoba Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = T. extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 65).
T. marianna Archer, 1940 = T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (Levi, 1981a: 302).
T. maxillosa insignita Strand, 1911 = T. maxillosa Thorell, 1895 (Chrysanthus, 1975: 8).
T. munda Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929 = T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (Levi, 1981a: 302).
T. nigrita niccensis Strand, 1906 = T. praedonia L. Koch, 1878 (Ono, 1981c: 5, contra Ono, 1975a: 20).
T. nitens crossae (Hogg, 1911) = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Parrott, 1946: 82).
T. nitens kullmanni Wiehle, 1962 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Wunderlich, 1992a: 365, contra Okuma, 1983: 70).
T. numa Levi & Levi, 1955 = T. laboriosa Hentz, 1850 (Levi, 1981a: 308).
T. pelusia (Audouin, 1826) = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 291).
T. peninsulana Banks, 1898 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 291).
T. pinea Seeley, 1928 = T. viridis Walckenaer, 1842 (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 113).
T. producta (Franganillo, 1930, T from Cyrtognatha) = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Bonnet, 1959: 4318, sub T. antillana).
T. propioides Schenkel, 1936 = T. maxillosa Thorell, 1895 (Okuma, 1983: 73).
T. punctipes Westring, 1874 = T. dearmata Thorell, 1873 (Tullgren, 1947: 139).
T. quadridens Dondale, 1966 = T. demissa L. Koch, 1872 (Okuma, 1987: 50, contra Saaristo, 1978: 124).
T. rusticana Chickering, 1959 = T. extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Levi, 1981a: 298).
T. sanctitata Walckenaer, 1842 = T. elongata Walckenaer, 1805 (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 111).
T. seminola Gertsch, 1936 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 292).
T. seneca Seeley, 1928 = T. guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 (Chickering, 1957b: 11).
T. shikokiana Yaginuma, 1960 = T. vermiformis Emerton, 1884 (Okuma, 1983: 77).
T. siduo Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = T. tropica O. P.-Cambridge, 1889 (Chickering, 1957d: 347).
T. soaresi Camargo, 1950 = T. longidens Mello-Leitão, 1945 (Camargo, 1953: 312).
T. sociella Chamberlin, 1924 = T. praedonia L. Koch, 1878 (Song, 1988: 123).
T. steckleri Gertsch & Ivie, 1936 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 292).
T. trapezoides Walckenaer, 1842 = T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1842 (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 113).
T. valoka Chrysanthus, 1975 = T. biseriata Thorell, 1881 (Okuma, 1987: 66).
T. vicina Simon, 1897 = T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) (Levi, 1981a: 291).
Homonyms replaced:
T. bidens Mello-Leitão, 1943 -- see T. bidentata.
T. intermedia Franganillo, 1936 -- see T. franganilloi.
T. parva Bryant, 1947 -- see T. bryantae.
T. tullgreni Caporiacco, 1947 -- see T. caporiaccoi.
Nomina dubia:
T. aurata Walckenaer, 1842: 215 (f, USA) -- Seeley, 1928: 103.
T. lacerta Walckenaer, 1842: 224 (f, USA) -- Levi, 1981a: 310.
T. walckenaeri Roewer, 1942a: 994 (replacement name for T. flava Walckenaer, 1842: 217, f, USA, preoccupied by Audouin, 1826 sub Uloborus) -- Seeley, 1928: 103.
mf acuta Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. a. Gillespie, 1992b: 8, f. 29-42 (Dmf).
T. a. Gillespie, 1994: 167, f. 40-44, 47 (m).
f aenea Cantor, 1842....................China
T. a. Cantor, 1842: 492 (Df).
mf albida Gillespie, 1994....................Hawaii
T. a. Gillespie, 1994: 163, f. 16-30, 45 (Dmf).
f americana Simon, 1905....................Chile, Argentina
T. extensa Nicolet, 1849: 516, pl. 4, f. 5 (f, misidentified).
T. a. Simon, 1905e: 10 (Df).
f amoena Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. a. Okuma, 1987: 43, f. 3A-E (Df).
f anamitica Walckenaer, 1842....................Vietnam
T. a. Walckenaer, 1842: 208 (Df).
mf andamanensis Tikader, 1977....................Andaman Is.
T. a. Tikader, 1977a: 175, f. 10A-E (Dmf).
mf andonea Lawrence, 1927....................Namibia
T. a. Lawrence, 1927: 28, pl. 3, f. 62, pl. 4, f. 77 (Dmf).
m angolaensis Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988....................Angola
T. a. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 219, f. 1A-I (Dm).
f anguilla Thorell, 1877....................Java, Sulawesi, New Guinea, Australia
T. a. Thorell, 1877b: 443 (Df).
Eucta a. Keyserling, 1887a: 227, pl. 20, f. 7 (f).
f angulata Hogg, 1914....................Western Australia
T. a. Hogg, 1914b: 70, pl. 1, f. 1 (Df).
mf argentinensis Mello-Leitão, 1931....................Argentina
T. a. Mello-Leitão, 1931c: 95, f. 1-3 (Dmf).
m argyroides Mello-Leitão, 1945....................Argentina
T. a. Mello-Leitão, 1945b: 243, f. 20-21 (Dm).
f armata Karsch, 1891....................Sri Lanka
T. a. Karsch, 1891: 287 (Df).
m atriceps Banks, 1898....................Mexico
T. a. Banks, 1898b: 248, pl. 15, f. 13 (Dm).
f atristernis Strand, 1913....................Central Africa
T. a. Strand, 1913a: 359 (Df).
f australis (Mello-Leitão, 1945)....................Argentina
Eucta a. Mello-Leitão, 1945b: 237 (Df).
f baculiferens Hingston, 1927....................Myanmar
T. b. Hingston, 1927: 292 (Df).
f beccarii Caporiacco, 1947....................Guyana
T. b. Caporiacco, 1947a: 24 (Df).
f bemalcuei Mello-Leitão, 1939....................Paraguay
T. b. Mello-Leitão, 1939e: 67, f. 42-44 (Df).
f bengalensis Walckenaer, 1842....................India
T. b. Walckenaer, 1842: 223 (Df).
mf bicolor White, 1841....................Tasmania
T. b. White, 1841: 475 (Dmf).
m bidentata Roewer, 1951....................Chile
T. bidens Mello-Leitão, 1943d: 136, f. 1-3 (Dm, preoccupied).
T. b. Roewer, 1951: 456 (replacement name).
mf biseriata Thorell, 1881....................New Guinea, New Britain, Queensland
T. b. Thorell, 1881: 139 (Df).
T. anirensis Strand, 1915d: 196, pl. 15, f. 37 (Df).
T. b. Chrysanthus, 1975: 4, f. 1-3 (f).
T. valoka Chrysanthus, 1975: 17, f. 62-67 (Dm).
T. b. Okuma, 1987: 66, f. 18A-K (mf, S).
f bishopi Caporiacco, 1947....................Guyana
T. b. Caporiacco, 1947a: 24 (Df).
mf bituberculata L. Koch, 1867....................Japan, New Guinea, Australia
T. b. L. Koch, 1867b: 184 (Dj).
T. b. L. Koch, 1872a: 183, pl. 15, f. 5 (Df).
T. b. Keyserling, 1887a: 220, pl. 20, f. 2 (Dm).
T. heatwolei Chrysanthus, 1975: 13, f. 51-53 (Df).
T. b. Okuma, 1987: 46, f. 5A-K (mf, S).
T. b. Tanikawa, 1996: 152, f. 1-14 (mf).
f boeleni Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea
T. b. Chrysanthus, 1975: 11, f. 39-44 (Df).
f bogotensis Keyserling, 1865....................Colombia
T. b. Keyserling, 1865: 854, pl. 21, f. 5 (Df).
mf boninensis Okuma, 1981....................Japan
T. b. Okuma, 1981: 141, f. 1-9 (Dmf).
T. b. Okuma, 1988b: 173, f. 5A-H (m).
mf boydi O. P.-Cambridge, 1898....................Mexico to Brazil, Sardinia, Africa, Nepal
T. b. O. P.-Cambridge, 1898b: 389, pl. 31, f. 4 (Df).
T. b. Lessert, 1915a: 14, pl. 1, f. 7, 13 (f).
T. mandibulata bidentata Gravely, 1921b: 442, f. 3c, f (Dmf).
T. nitens Lawrence, 1927: 27, pl. 3, f. 61, pl. 4, f. 77 (mf, misidentified).
T. b. Okuma, 1983: 70, f. 1A-L (mf, S T. nitens kullmani, rejected).
T. b. Okuma, 1988c: 208, f. 20A-L (mf).
T. b. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 223, f. 4A-L (mf).
T. b. Okuma, 1992: 221, f. 1A-L (mf).
mf boydi praedator Tullgren, 1910....................Tanzania, Comoro Is.
T. p. Tullgren, 1910: 147, pl. 3, f. 69 (Dm).
T. b. p. Schmidt & Krause, 1993b: 6, f. 5 (m T. p. removed from S of T. b., placed as subspecies, Df).
mf brachychelis Caporiacco, 1947....................Tanzania, Kenya
T. b. Caporiacco, 1947d: 145, f. 19 (Dmf).
mf branda Levi, 1981....................USA
T. b. Levi, 1981a: 314, f. 167-175, pl. 7g-h (Dmf).
T. b. Coddington, 1990: 16, f. 46 (m).
mf brevignatha Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. b. Gillespie, 1992a: 185, f. 29-41, 155-156 (Dmf).
T. b. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
m bryantae Roewer, 1951....................Puerto Rico
T. parva Bryant, 1947b: 186, f. 5, 8 (Dm, preoccupied).
T. b. Roewer, 1951: 456 (replacement name).
T. parva Chickering, 1957b: 13, f. 12-13 (m).
j caffra (Strand, 1909)....................South Africa
Eucta c. Strand, 1909g: 569 (Dj).
mf cambridgei Roewer, 1942....................Mexico, Central America, Puerto Rico
Eugnatha gracilis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 11, pl. 2, f. 1-2 (Dmf; preoccupied by Lucas, 1838 sub Tetragnatha).
T. gracilis F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 434, pl. 41, f. 10-11 (mf).
T. c. Roewer, 1942a: 988 (replacement name).
f caporiaccoi Platnick, 1993....................Guyana
T. tullgreni Caporiacco, 1947a: 24 (Df; N.B.: preoccupied by Lessert, 1915).
T. c. Platnick, 1993c: 381 (replacement name).
mf caudata Emerton, 1884....................North, Central America, Cuba, Jamaica
T. c. Emerton, 1884: 335, pl. 39, f. 16, 22 (Df).
Eucta c. Banks, 1893a: 132 (Dm).
Eugnatha lacerta McCook, 1894: 266, pl. 24, f. 5-6, pl. 28, f. 5 (mf, dubious identification).
Eucta c. Comstock, 1912: 415, f. 428 (mf).
T. c. Seeley, 1928: 107, pl. 1, f. 5-10 (mf).
T. c. Chickering, 1957d: 308, f. 7-11 (removed mf from S of T. lacerta).
T. c. Chickering, 1959: 479, f. 1-8 (mf).
T. c. Chickering, 1962: 430, f. 7-13 (mf).
T. c. Levi, 1981a: 310, f. 140-148, pl. 7b-c (mf).
T. c. Okuma, 1992: 222, f. 2A-E (f).
mf caudicula (Karsch, 1879)....................Russia, China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
Eugnatha c. Karsch, 1879g: 66, pl. 1, f. 4 (Dmf).
Eucta c. Simon, 1881a: 7.
T. c. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 179, pl. 15, f. 408 (Df).
Eucta c. Crome, 1954: 427. f. 4-5, 7, 9 (mf).
Eucta c. Saito, 1959: 110, f. 132a-h (mf).
T. c. Paik & Namkung, 1979: 52, f. 35 (f).
T. c. Hu, 1984: 140, f. 143.1-3 (f).
T. javana Hu, 1984: 145, f. 148.1-6 (mf, misidentified).
T. javana Guo, 1985: 86, f. 2-35.1-10 (mf, misidentified).
T. c. Hu & Wu, 1985: 96, f. 2.1-12 (mf).
T. c. Okuma, 1988b: 167, f. 1A-L (mf).
T. c. Chikuni, 1989b: 94, f. 16 (m).
T. c. Hu & Wu, 1989: 112, f. 87.1-12 (mf).
T. c. Chen & Gao, 1990: 79, f. 99a-e (mf).
T. c. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 58, f. 2-11 (mf).
T. c. Chen, 1997: 115, f. 3A-F (f).
T. c. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 63, f. 14, 39, 61, 70-71 (mf).
T. c. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 125J, L-O (mf).
mf caudifera (Keyserling, 1887)....................New South Wales
Eucta c. Keyserling, 1887a: 226, pl. 20, f. 6 (Dmf).
T. c. Okuma, 1987: 57, f. 12A-L (mf).
m cavaleriei Schenke1, 1963....................China
T. c. Schenkel, 1963: 121, f. 72a-d (Dm).
T. cavalierei Brignoli, 1983c: 223.
mf cephalothoracis Strand, 1906....................Ethiopia
T. c. Strand, 1906b: 616 (Df).
T. c. Caporiacco, 1940c: 813, f. 24 (Dm).
mf ceylonica O. P.-Cambridge, 1869....................South Africa, Sri Lanka to Philippines, New Britain
Meta gracilis Stoliczka, 1869: 244, pl. 19, f. 2 (Df; preoccuied by Lucas 1838 sub Tetragnatha).
T. c. O. P.-Cambridge, 1869b: 394, pl. 13, f. 83-88 (Dmf).
T. latifrons Thorell, 1877b: 434 (Dmf).
T. fronto Thorell, 1890a: 214 (Df).
T. tridens Thorell, 1898: 328 (Dm).
T. gracilis Pocock, 1900a: 214 (Dmf).
T. gracilis Merian, 1911: 181, f. K-P.
T. eitapensis Strand, 1913d: 115 (Dm).
T. eitapensis Strand, 1915d: 196, pl. 15, f. 40 (m).
T. gracilis Gravely, 1921b: 427, 436, f. 1 (mf).
T. c. Okuma, 1968b: 99, f. 2A-F (m).
T. eitapensis Chrysanthus, 1975: 6, f. 4-7 (m).
T. c. Okuma, 1976: 45, f. 1-9 (mf).
T. c. Okuma, 1977: 32, f. 10-11 (m).
T. c. Yaginuma, 1986a: 133, f. 71.4 (m).
T. c. Okuma, 1987: 48, f. 6A-I (mf, S).
T. c. Okuma, 1988b: 170, f. 3A-L (mf).
T. c. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 227, f. 5A-L (mf).
T. c. Okuma et al., 1993: 43, f. 39A-G (mf).
T. c. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 513, f. 315a-g, 316a-m (mf).
T. c. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 125K, P-S (mf).
mf chauliodus (Thorell, 1890)....................Myanmar to New Guinea, Japan
Limoxera c. Thorell, 1890d: 292 (Dmf).
T. c. Gravely, 1921b: 425.
T. c. Okuma, 1987: 62, f. 15A-E (f).
T. c. Okuma, 1988c: 196, f. 11A-L (f, Dm).
T. c. Tanikawa, 1990a: 9, f. 1-9 (mf).
T. c. Okuma et al., 1993: 44, f. 40A-G (mf).
T. c. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126A, G, W-X, 127A-B (mf).
f chinensis (Chamberlin, 1924)....................China
Eucta c. Chamberlin, 1924a: 12, pl. 3, f. 24 (Df).
f chrysochlora (Audouin, 1826)....................Egypt
Eugnatha c. Audouin, 1826: 324 (Df).
T. c. Simon, 1929: 750.
f cladognatha Bertkau, 1880....................Brazil
T. c. Bertkau, 1880a: 79, pl. 2, f. 27 (Df).
mf clavigera Simon, 1887....................Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Congo
T. c. Simon, 1887a: 272 (Dmf).
T. c. Simon, 1894a: 718, f. 797.
mf cochinensis Gravely, 1921....................India
T. c. Gravely, 1921b: 442, f. 4a-b (Dmf).
f coelestis Pocock, 1901....................India
T. c. Pocock, 1901d: 478 (Df).
mf cognata O. P.-Cambridge, 1889....................Guatemala to Panama
T. c. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 7, pl. 2, f. 10-11 (Dmf).
T. c. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 433, pl. 41, f. 3-4 (mf).
T. c. Chickering, 1957d: 310, f. 12-18 (mf).
T. c. Okuma, 1992: 223, f. 3A-H (m).
mf confraterna Banks, 1909....................Costa Rica, Panama
T. c. Banks, 1909a: 207, pl. 6, f. 34 (Dmf).
T. c. Chickering, 1957d: 312, f. 19-26 (mf).
T. c. Okuma, 1992: 223, f. 4A-N (mf).
f conica Grube, 1861....................Russia
T. c. Grube, 1861: 162 (Df).
Eucta c. Wesolowska, 1988b: 409, f. 20-23 (f).
f coreana Seo & Paik, 1981....................Korea, China
T. c. Seo & Paik, 1981: 88, f. 1-7 (Df).
T. c. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 64, f. 15, 62, 72 (f).
f crassichelata Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea
T. c. Chrysanthus, 1975: 13, f. 48-50 (Df).
mf cuneiventris Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. c. Simon, 1900a: 475, pl. 19, f. 3 (Dmf).
T. c. Okuma, 1988d: 77, f. 1A-L (m).
mf cylindracea (Keyserling, 1887)....................Queensland, New South Wales
Eugnatha c. Keyserling, 1887a: 224, pl. 20, f. 5 (Dmf).
mf cylindrica Walckenaer, 1842....................New Guinea, Australia, Fiji
T. c. Walckenaer, 1842: 210 (D).
T. c. Keyserling, 1865: 842, pl. 20, f. 18-19 (Df).
T. c. L. Koch, 1872a: 181, pl. 15, f. 3 (Dm).
Eugnatha c. Keyserling, 1887a: 226.
T. c. Okuma, 1987: 61, f. 14A-K (mf).
f cylindriformis Lawrence, 1952....................Congo
T. c. Lawrence, 1952b: 9, f. 5a-c (Df).
mf dearmata Thorell, 1873....................Holarctic
T. extensa d. Thorell, 1873: 462, 639 (D; N.B.: name omitted by Roewer, synonyms listed by him under T. punctipes).
T. punctipes Westring, 1874: 25 (Dj).
T. borealis L. Koch, 1879c: 5 (Dj).
T. extensa punctipes Kulczyn'ski, 1885: 26 (Df).
T. major Kulczyn'ski, in Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 145 (Dmf; S per Simon, 1929, see Bonnet).
T. punctipes Bösenberg, 1901: 61, pl. 4, f. 59 (Df).
T. punctipes Simon, 1929: 648, 650, 750, f. 997 (f, Dm).
T. d. Tullgren, 1947: 139, f. 32-44 (mf, S).
T. harrodi Levi, 1951: 17, f. 32-37 (Dmf).
T. harrodi Levi & Field, 1954: 452, f. 42, 45-48 (m).
T. harrodi Chickering, 1959: 484, f. 22-25 (mf).
T. d. Wiehle, 1963a: 41, f. 65-74 (mf).
T. d. Holm, 1973: 98 (S).
T. d. Palmgren, 1974a: 49, f. 22g, 23d, 24c, 25d (mf).
T. harrodi Kaston, 1977: 35, f. 28 (m).
T. d. Levi, 1981a: 300, f. 65-73, pl. 5f (mf, S).
T. d. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 62, f. 130 (mf).
T. d. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 58, f. 59-61 (f).
T. d. Roberts, 1995: 305, f. (mf).
T. d. Roberts, 1998: 318, f. (mf).
f decipiens Badcock, 1932....................Paraguay
T. d. Badcock, 1932: 13, f. 9 (Df).
f delumbis Thorell, 1891....................Nicobar Is.
T. d. Thorell, 1891: 39 (Df).
mf demissa L. Koch, 1872....................South Africa, Australia to Tonga
T. d. L. Koch, 1872a: 185, pl. 16, f. 1 (Df).
T. d. Keyserling, 1887a: 221, pl. 20, f. 3 (Dm).
T. quadridens Dondale, 1966: 1175, f. 4A-E (Dmf).
T. d. Okuma, 1987: 50, f. 7A-K (mf, S).
T. d. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 227, f. 6A-M (mf).
m dentatidens Simon, 1907....................Sierra Leone, Congo
T. d. Simon, 1907d: 273 (Dm).
m desaguni Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
T. d. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 497, f. 305a-j (Dm).
f determinata Karsch, 1891....................Sri Lanka
T. d. Karsch, 1891: 288 (Df).
mf digitata O. P.-Cambridge, 1899....................Mexico, Costa Rica
T. d. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899a: 299, pl. 36, f. 11-12 (Dmf).
T. d. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 435, pl. 41, f. 14 (mf).
mf earmra Levi, 1981....................USA
T. e. Levi, 1981a: 294, f. 35-45, pl. 5c (Dmf).
m eberhardi Okuma, 1992....................Panama
T. e. Okuma, 1992: 225, f. 5A-I (Dm).
mf elongata Walckenaer, 1842....................North, Central America, Cuba, Jamaica
T. e. Walckenaer, 1805: 69 (nomen nudum).
T. e. Walckenaer, 1842: 211 (Dmf).
T. fulva Walckenaer, 1842: 212 (Df).
T. fimbriata Walckenaer, 1842: 213 (Dmf).
T. culicivora Walckenaer, 1842: 214 (Dm).
T. sanctitata Walckenaer, 1842: 214 (Dm).
T. violacea Walckenaer, 1842: 218 (Df).
T. armigera Blackwall, 1846a: 81 (Df).
T. grallator Hentz, 1850: 26, pl. 4, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
T. grallator Keyserling, 1865: 850, pl. 21, f. 24-27 (f).
T. grallator Emerton, 1884: 334, pl. 39, f. 1-6 (mf).
T. e. McCook, 1894: 260, pl. 25, f. 1-2 (mf).
T. grallator Emerton, 1902: 201, f. 461, 465 (mf).
T. e. Comstock, 1912: 411, f. 424-425 (mf).
T. e. Seeley, 1928: 109, pl. 1, f. 11-13, pl. 2, f. 14-16 (mf).
T. e. Muma, 1943: 100, pl. XIV, f. 8 (m).
T. e. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 111 (S).
T. e. Chickering, 1959: 480, f. 9-12 (mf).
T. e. Chickering, 1962: 431, f. 14-20 (mf).
T. e. Levi, 1981a: 300, f. 74-89, pl. 5g-i (mf).
T. e. Okuma, 1992: 226, f. 6A-J (mf).
f elongata debilis Thorell, 1877....................USA
T. e. d. Thorell, 1877c: 479 (Df).
mf elongata principalis Thorell, 1877....................USA
T. e. p. Thorell, 1877c: 477 (Dmf).
m elongata undulata Thorell, 1877....................USA
T. e. u. Thorell, 1877c: 477 (Dm).
f elyunquensis Petrunkevitch, 1930....................Jamaica, Puerto Rico
T. e. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 292, f. 159-161 (Df).
T. e. Chickering, 1962: 433, f. 21-23 (f).
mf esakii Okuma, 1988....................Taiwan
T. e. Okuma, 1988a: 71, f. 1A-K (Dmf).
T. e. Okuma, 1988c: 187, f. 4A-K (mf).
T. e. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126B, H, 127C-F (mf).
mf ethodon Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936....................Panama, Puerto Rico, Barbados
T. e. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 64, pl. 17, f. 144-146 (Dmf).
T. e. Chickering, 1957d: 316, f. 27-31 (m; f of Chamberlin & Ivie = T. tenuissima).
T. e. Okuma, 1992: 228, f. 7A-H (m, Df).
mf eumorpha Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. e. Okuma, 1987: 44, f. 4A-K (Dmf).
mf eurychasma Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. e. Gillespie, 1992b: 6, f. 15-28, 86 (Dmf).
mf exigua Chickering, 1957....................Jamaica
T. e. Chickering, 1957b: 3, f. 1-5 (Dmf).
T. e. Chickering, 1962: 435, f. 24-29 (mf).
mf exquista Saito, 1933....................Japan
T. e. Saito, 1933c: 275, f. 2 (Df).
T. e. Saito, 1934b: 338, pl. 13, f. 26, pl. 15, f. 71 (Dm).
T. e. Saito, 1959: 117, f. 141a-e (m).
mf extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) *....................Holarctic, Madeira
Aranea e. Linnaeus, 1758: 621 (Df).
Aranea e. Linnaeus, 1761: 489 (D).
Aranea solandri Scopoli, 1763: 397 (D).
Aranea mouffeti Scopoli, 1763: 398 (D).
Aranea e. Fabricius, 1775: 431 (D).
Aranea e. De Geer, 1783: 236, pl. 19, f. 1 (D).
Aranea e. Olivier, 1789: 204 (D).
Aranea prima Herrich-Schäffer, 1804: 49, f. 7 (D).
Aranea secunda Herrich-Schäffer, 1804: 49, f. 8 (D).
Aranea quarta Herrich-Schäffer, 1804: 49, f. 9 (D).
T. rubra Risso, 1826: 168 (Df).
T. e. Sundevall, 1833a: 256 (Dmf).
T. e. Hahn, 1834: 43, f. 129 (mf).
T. gibba C. L. Koch, 1837b: 5 (D).
T. chrysochlora Walckenaer, 1842: 208 (Df).
T. arundinis Bremi-Wolff, 1849: 1-16.
T. e. Blackwall, 1864a: 367, pl. 28, f. 265 (mf).
T. e. Keyserling, 1865: 844, pl. 21, f. 19-22 (mf).
T. fluviatilis Keyserling, 1865: 852, pl. 21, f. 10 (Df).
T. nowickii L. Koch, 1870: 13 (Dmf).
T. groenlandica Thorell, 1872b: 151 (Dj).
T. e. Hansen, 1882: 25, pl. 2, f. 3 (mf).
T. e. Emerton, 1884: 333, pl. 39, f. 9-10 (mf).
T. e. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 144, pl. 6, f. 7 (mf).
T. e. McCook, 1894: 259, pl. 25, f. 3-5 (mf).
T. e. Becker, 1896: 62, pl. 13, f. 2 (mf).
T. e. Bösenberg, 1901: 57, 59, pl. 4, f. 53, 55 (mf).
T. solandri Bösenberg, 1901: 57, 59, pl. 4, f. 53, 55 (mf).
T. e. Emerton, 1902: 201, f. 459-462, 466 (mf).
T. e. Kulczyn'ski, 1903b: 647, pl. 1, f. 11 (m).
T. e. Lessert, 1910b: 288, f. 150-152 (mf).
T. solandri Lessert, 1910b: 292, f. 159-161 (mf).
T. e. Reimoser, 1928: 105, f. 3 (mf).
T. e. Seeley, 1928: 113, pl. 2, f. 17-20 (mf).
T. e. Simon, 1929: 648, 651, 749, f. 998-999 (mf).
T. extensa maderiana Schenkel, 1938a: 28, f. 9 (Dmf).
T. e. Wiehle, 1939: 376, f. 1-2, 14-16, 35-36, 42, 48-49 (mf).
T. manitoba Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942a: 61, f. 153-158 (Dmf).
T. e. Braendegaard, 1946: 54 (S).
T. e. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 65 (S).
T. e. Tullgren, 1947: 130, f. 1-4, 7-11, 16-17, 19-20 (mf).
T. e. Chrysanthus, 1949b: 353, f. 9 (m).
T. e. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 100, f. 64A-B, 66A, 67A, 68A, 69B (mf).
T. e. Locket, Millidge & La Touche, 1958: 140, f. 3c-d (f).
T. e. Saito, 1959: 117, f. 142a-g (mf).
T. rusticana Chickering, 1959: 489, f. 36-40 (Dmf).
T. e. Wiehle, 1963a: 12, f. 1-4, 10, 13-18 (mf).
T. e. Wiehle, 1967b: 186, f. 6-7 (mf).
T. e. Azheganova, 1968: 94, f. 205-207, 222 (mf).
T. e. Palmgren, 1974a: 47, f. 22a-c, 23a-b, 24a, 25a-b (mf).
T. e. Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 61, f. 36D (m).
T. e. Yin, 1976: 123, pl. VII.1-9 (f).
T. e. Levi, 1981a: 298, f. 56-64, pl. 5e (mf).
T. e. Hu, 1984: 142, f. 145.1-3 (f).
T. e. Roberts, 1985: 198, f. 88a, 89a (mf).
T. e. Guo, 1985: 83, f. 2-33.1-4 (f).
T. e. Zhu et al., 1985: 89, f. 77a-f (m).
T. e. Zhang, 1987: 93, f. 76.1-7 (f).
T. maderiana Wunderlich, 1987a: 128 (elevated from subspecies of T. extensa).
T. e. Okuma, 1988b: 177, f. 8A-K (mf).
T. e. Okuma, 1989: 53, f. 2A (m).
T. e. Chikuni, 1989b: 95, f. 19 (m).
T. e. Chen & Gao, 1990: 80, f. 100a-c (f).
T. e. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 60, f. 124 (mf).
T. e. Wunderlich, 1992a: 363 (S).
T. e. Zhao, 1993: 270, f. 129a-f (m).
T. e. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 58, f. 25-31 (mf).
T. e. Roberts, 1995: 302, f. (mf).
T. e. Agnarsson, 1996: 57, f. 43A-C (mf).
T. e. Mcheidze, 1997: 289, f. 663-667 (mf).
T. e. Roberts, 1998: 316, f. (mf).
T. e. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 65, f. 16, 40, 63, 73-74 (mf).
T. e. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126I, 127G-J (m).
mf extensa brachygnatha Thorell, 1873....................Sweden, Russia
T. b. Thorell, 1873: 463 (Dmf).
T. e. b. Kulczyn'ski, 1885: 5.
?? extensa contigua Franganillo, 1909....................Portugal
T. e. c. Franganillo, 1909: 185 (D).
f extensa maracandica Charitonov, 1951....................Russia, Central Asia
T. e. m. Charitonov, 1951: 211 (Df).
f extensa pulchra Kulczyn'ski, 1891....................Hungary
T. e. p. Kulczyn'ski, in Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 14 (Df).
mf fallax Thorell, 1881....................Indonesia
T. f. Thorell, 1881: 134 (Dm).
T. f. Gravely, 1921b: 426 (Df).
f farri Chickering, 1962....................Jamaica
T. f. Chickering, 1962: 435, f. 30-33 (Df).
mf filiciphilia Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. f. Gillespie, 1992b: 10, f. 43-56, 87 (Dmf).
mf filiformata Roewer, 1942....................Guyana
T. filiformis Taczanowski, 1872: 111 (Dmf; preoccupied by Audouin, 1826 sub Eugnatha).
T. f. Roewer, 1942a: 989 (replacement name).
T. filiformis Caporiacco, 1948a: 644, f. 47-49 (m).
f filigastra Mello-Leitão, 1943....................Brazil
T. f. Mello-Leitão, 1943a: 192, f. 23 (Df).
m filipes Schenkel, 1936....................China
T. f. Schenkel, 1936b: 88, f. 30 (Dm).
mf filum Simon, 1907....................Congo, Bioko, São Tomé
Eucta f. Simon, 1895a: 725 (nomen nudum).
T. f. Simon, 1907d: 276 (Dmf).
f flagellans Hasselt, 1882....................Sumatra
T. f. Hasselt, 1882: 27, pl. 4, f. 11 (Df).
f flava (Audouin, 1826)....................Egypt
Uloborus flavus Audouin, 1826: 322, pl. 2, f. 1 (Df).
Eugnatha filiformis Audouin, 1826: 327, pl. 2, f. 4 (Df).
Uloborus filiformis Walckenaer, 1842: 230.
Uloborus flavescens Simon, 1864: 245 (lapsus).
T. filiformis Keyserling, 1865: 843, pl. 20, f. 20 (f).
T. flava Simon, 1881a: 5 (S).
Eugnatha f. Simon, 1929: 750.
mf flavida Urquhart, 1891....................New Zealand
T. f. Urquhart, 1891a: 177 (Dmf).
T. f. Dalmas, 1917a: 366, f. 34-35 (mf).
f fletcheri Gravely, 1921....................India
T. f. Gravely, 1921b: 440, f. 3a (Df).
f foai Simon, 1902....................Central, East Africa
T. f. Simon, 1902f: 514 (Df).
f foliferens Hingston, 1927....................Nicobar Is.
T. f. Hingston, 1927: 293 (Df).
f foliifera Simon, 1898....................Seychelles
T. f. Simon, 1898d: 377 (Df).
mf foveata Karsch, 1891....................Sri Lanka, Laccadive Is., Maldive Is.
T. f. Karsch, 1891: 289 (Df).
T. f. Strand, 1911d: 145 (Dm).
mf fragilis Chickering, 1957....................Panama
T. f. Chickering, 1957d: 317, f. 32-38 (Dmf).
f franganilloi Brignoli, 1983....................Cuba
T. intermedia Franganillo, 1936c: 93, f. 46 (Df, preoccupied).
T. f. Brignoli, 1983c: 225 (replacement name).
f friedericii Strand, 1913....................New Guinea
T. f. Strand, 1913d: 115 (Df).
T. f. Strand, 1915d: 194, pl. 15, f. 38 (f).
mf fuerteventurensis Wunderlich, 1992....................Canary Is.
T. f. Wunderlich, 1992a: 363, f. 333-340 (Dmf).
mf gemmata L. Koch, 1872....................Queensland
T. g. L. Koch, 1872a: 186, pl. 16, f. 2 (Dmf).
mf geniculata Karsch, 1891....................Sri Lanka to Thailand
T. g. Karsch, 1891: 286 (Df).
T. g. Gravely, 1921b: 426, 441, f. 3b (f).
T. g. Okuma, 1988c: 198, f. 13A-L (f, Dm).
mf gertschi Chickering, 1957....................Panama
T. g. Chickering, 1957d: 321, f. 39-45 (Dmf).
T. g. Okuma, 1992: 228, f. 8A-J (mf).
f gibbula Roewer, 1942....................French Guiana
T. gibba Taczanowski, 1873: 113 (Df; preoccupied by C. L. Koch, 1837).
T. g. Roewer, 1942a: 989 (replacement name).
m graciliventris Schenkel, 1963....................China
T. g. Schenkel, 1963: 125, f. 74a-f (Dm).
f gracillima (Thorell, 1890)....................Sumatra
Limoxera g. Thorell, 1890a: 227 (Df).
T. g. Gravely, 1921b: 427.
f granti Pocock, 1903....................Socotra
T. g. Pocock, 1903g: 186 (Df).
mf grenda Roberts, 1983....................Aldabra
T. g. Roberts, 1983: 247, f. 103-113 (Dmf).
m gressitti Okuma, 1988....................Borneo
T. g. Okuma, 1988a: 75, f. 4A-H (Dm).
T. g. Okuma, 1988c: 197, f. 12A-H (m).
f gressittorum Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. g. Okuma, 1987: 65, f. 17A-E (f).
mf guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889....................North, Central America, Cuba, Jamaica
T. g. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 8, pl. 2, f. 6-7 (Dmf).
T. banksi McCook, 1894: 262, pl. 25, f. 6, pl. 28, f. 4 (Dm).
T. fraterna Banks, 1898b: 247, pl. 15, f. 11 (Dmf).
T. intermedia Banks, 1898b: 247, pl. 15, f. 14 (Dm; preoccupied).
T. g. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 431, pl. 40, f. 12-13 (mf).
T. banksi F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 435 (replacement name for T. intermedia Banks, but itself preoccupied).
T. tepicana Strand, 1908e: 232 (replacement name for T. banksi F. O. P.-Cambridge).
T. seneca Seeley, 1928: 134, pl. 4, f. 44-48 (Dmf).
T. laudativa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936b: 15, f. 33-35 (Dmf).
T. g. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942a: 62, f. 159 (S).
T. g. Chickering, 1957a: 1 (S).
T. g. Chickering, 1957b: 11 (S).
T. g. Chickering, 1957d: 326, f. 46-53 (mf).
T. g. Chickering, 1959: 482, f. 13-21 (mf).
T. g. Chickering, 1962: 438, f. 34-40 (mf).
T. g. Kaston, 1977: 35, f. 27 (m).
T. g. Levi, 1981a: 296, f. 46-55, pl. 5d (mf, S).
T. g. Okuma, 1992: 228, f. 9A-G (mf).
m hamata Thorell, 1898....................Myanmar
T. h. Thorell, 1898: 326 (Dm).
mf hasselti Thorell, 1890....................Bangladesh to China, Sulawesi
T. hasseltii Thorell, 1890d: 217 (Df).
T. h. Merian, 1911: 185, f. C-J (f, Dm).
T. h. Okuma, 1988c: 190, f. 6A-K (mf).
T. aduncata Wang, 1991a: 159, f. 25-30 (Dmf).
T. h. Okuma et al., 1993: 42, f. 38A-G (mf).
T. h. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126C, J, 127K-L (mf).
f hasselti birmanica Sherriffs, 1919....................Myanmar
T. h. b. Sherriffs, 1919: 231 (Nf).
mf hastula Simon, 1907....................Sierra Leone, Gabon, Principe
T. h. Simon, 1907d: 267 (Dmf).
f hawaiensis Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. h. Simon, 1900a: 470, pl. 19, f. 4 (Df).
T. h. Okuma, 1988d: 78, f. 2A-G (f).
mf hirashimai Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. h. Okuma, 1987: 25, 26A-K (Dmf).
m hiroshii Okuma, 1988....................Taiwan
T. h. Okuma, 1988a: 72, f. 2A-E (Dm).
T. h. Okuma, 1988c: 183, f. 1A-H (m).
T. h. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126K, 127M-N (m).
f huahinensis Berland, 1942....................Society Is.
T. h. Berland, 1942: 19, f. 8a-d (Df).
f hulli Caporiacco, 1955....................Venezuela
T. h. Caporiacco, 1955: 320 (Df).
m infuscata Benoit, 1978....................Seychelles
T. i. Benoit, 1978f: 667, f. 2D-E (Dm).
mf insularis Okuma, 1987....................Lord Howe Is.
T. i. Okuma, 1987: 67, f. 19A-I (Dmf).
f insulata Hogg, 1913....................Falkland Is.
T. i. Hogg, 1913: 41, pl. 2, f. 6 (Df).
mf insulicola Okuma, 1987....................Lord Howe Is.
T. i. Okuma, 1987: 80, f. 28A-K (Dmf).
jj iridescens Stoliczka, 1869....................India
T. i. Stoliczka, 1869: 246, pl. 18, f. 3 (Djj).
mf iriomotensis Okuma, 1991....................Okinawa Is.
T. i. Okuma, 1991b: 43, f. 1A-G, 2A-E (Dmf).
mf isidis (Simon, 1880)....................Europe to Sumatra
Eugnatha i. Simon, 1880g: 98 (Df).
Eucta gallica Simon, 1881a: 6 (Df).
Eucta lutescens Lendl, 1886: 121, pl. 1, f. 1-2, pl. 2, f. 11-15 (Dmf).
Eucta lutescens Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 146, pl. 6, f. 15 (mf).
Eucta i. Lessert, 1915a: 20, pl. 1, f. 19-21 (mf).
Eucta i. Simon, 1929: 652, 751.
Eucta lutescens Azheganova, 1968: 91, f. 203-204, 215-217 (mf).
Eucta i. Morano & Ferrández, 1985b: 27, f. 1-7 (f).
Eucta i. Mcheidze, 1997: 286, f. 654-658 (mf).
m iwahigensis Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
T. i. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 507, f. 312a-k (Dm).
mf jaculator Tullgren, 1910....................Africa to New Guinea, Barbados, Trinidad
T. j. Tullgren, 1910: 150, pl. 3, f. 73 (Dmf).
T. j. Okuma, 1984: 87, f. 1A-H (m).
T. j. Okuma, 1987: 55, f. 11A-L (mf).
T. j. Okuma, 1988c: 194, f. 10A-L (mf).
T. j. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 231, f. 7A-L (mf).
T. j. Okuma, 1992: 230, f. 10A-I (m; may be senior S of T. argyroides and T. lewisi).
T. j. Okuma et al., 1993: 36, f. 32A-G (mf).
mf javana (Thorell, 1890)....................Africa to Japan, Philippines, Indonesia
Eucta j. Thorell, 1890a: 236 (Dm).
Eucta j. Thorell, 1895: 146 (Df).
Eucta j. Gravely, 1922: 1047, pl. 2, f. 4 (f).
Eucta j. Saito, 1933b: 47, pl. 3, f. 28.
Eucta j. Chrysanthus, 1963: 733, f. 30-35 (f).
T. j. Okuma, 1968b: 100, f. 4A-F (m).
T. j. Yin, 1976: 125, pl. XI.1-13 (mf).
T. j. Song, 1980: 128, f. 67a-h (mf).
T. j. Okuma, 1984: 88, f. 2A-L (mf).
T. j. Yaginuma, 1986a: 133, f. 71.2 (m).
T. j. Okuma, 1988b: 169, f. 2A-L (mf).
T. j. Chen & Gao, 1990: 80, f. 101a-e (mf).
T. j. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 126, f. 120.1-12 (mf).
T. j. Vungsilabutr, 1988: 68, f. 2A-H (mf).
T. j. Okuma et al., 1993: 36, f. 31A-G (mf).
T. j. Zhao, 1993: 271, f. 130a-d (mf).
T. j. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 494, f. 303a-f, 304a-f (mf).
T. j. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126L, 127O-Q (m).
m jejuna (Thorell, 1897)....................Myanmar
Limoxera j. Thorell, 1897b: 5 (Dm).
T. j. Gravely, 1921b: 429.
mf josephi Okuma, 1988....................Singapore
T. j. Okuma, 1988a: 76, f. 5A-L (Dmf).
T. j. Okuma, 1988c: 210, f. 21A-L (mf).
m jubensis Pavesi, 1895....................Ethiopia
T. j. Pavesi, 1895a: 502 (Dm).
mf kamakou Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. k. Gillespie, 1992a: 195, f. 81-94, 159-160 (Dmf).
T. k. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
mf kauaiensis Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. k. Simon, 1900a: 472, pl. 19, f. 9 (Dmf).
T. k. Okuma, 1988d: 79, f. 3A-J (m).
T. k. Gillespie, 1992a: 192, f. 68-80, 161 (mf).
T. k. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
m kea Gillespie, 1994....................Hawaii
T. k. Gillespie, 1994: 165, f. 31-39, 46 (Dm).
mf keyserlingi Simon, 1890....................Samoa, Fiji, New Hebrides
T. mandibulata Keyserling, 1865: 848, pl. 21, f. 6-9 (mf, misidentified).
T. k. Simon, 1890c: 134 (Dmf).
?? khanjahani Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 1996....................Bangladesh
T. k. Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 1996b: 54, f. ?? (D??, paper not seen).
m kiwuana Strand, 1913....................Central Africa
T. k. Strand, 1913a: 358 (Dm).
mf klossi Hogg, 1919....................Sumatra
T. k. Hogg, 1919: 85, pl. 7, f. 2 (Dmf).
mf kochi Thorell, 1895....................Polynesia
T. mandibulata L. Koch, 1872a: 194, pl. 17, f. 2-3 (mf, misidentified).
T. k. Thorell, 1895: 140 (Dmf).
mf kolosvaryi Caporiacco, 1949....................Kenya
T. k. Caporiacco, 1949a: 349, f. 17a-c (Dmf).
mf labialis Nicolet, 1849....................Chile
T. l. Nicolet, 1849: 520 (Dm).
T. l. Keyserling, 1865: 851, pl. 21, f. 11-13 (m, Df).
mf laboriosa Hentz, 1850....................North, Central America
T. l. Hentz, 1850: 27, pl. 4, f. 3 (Dm).
T. l. Keyserling, 1865: 841, pl. 20, f. 16-17 (m, Df).
T. illinoiensis Keyserling, 1879: 318, pl. 4, f. 18 (Df).
T. l. Emerton, 1884: 334, pl. 39, f. 7-8, 11, 19, pl. 40, f. 7 (mf).
T. l. McCook, 1894: 262, pl. 25, f. 7-8 (mf).
T. l. Emerton, 1902: 202, f. 463, 467 (mf).
T. alba F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 432, pl. 40, f. 15 (Df).
T. seydi Strand, 1908e: 230 (Df).
T. l. Seeley, 1928: 123, pl. 2, f. 25-29, pl. 3, f. 30-31 (mf).
T. l. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 289, f. 154-155 (mf).
T. l. Muma, 1943: 100, pl. XIV, f. 9 (m).
T. l. Kaston, 1948: 269, f. 850-851, 859-861 (m).
T. numa Levi & Levi, 1955: 37, f. 19-23 (Dmf).
T. l. Chickering, 1957d: 329, f. 54-59 (mf, S).
T. l. Chickering, 1959: 486, f. 26-30 (mf).
T. l. Levi, 1981a: 308, f. 16-22, 120-128, pl. 6h-i (mf, S).
T. l. Coddington, 1990: 14, f. 45 (m).
T. l. Okuma, 1992: 231, f. 11A-F (m).
T. l. Breene et al., 1993: 108, f. 168A-C (mf).
T. l. Scharff & Coddington, 1997: 372, f. 9 (m).
T. l. Griswold et al., 1998: 61, f. 10A (m).
m laminalis Strand, 1907....................East Africa
T. l. Strand, 1907a: 531 (Dm).
T. l. Strand, 1907n: 593 (Dm).
mf lamperti Strand, 1906....................Ethiopia
T. l. Strand, 1906b: 617 (Dmf).
m lancinans Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
T. l. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 447, pl. 19, f. 21-22 (Dm).
mf laqueata L. Koch, 1872....................Japan to South Pacific Is.
T. l. L. Koch, 1872a: 190, pl. 16, f. 5 (Dmf).
T. l. Okuma, 1979b: 3, f. 1-10 (mf).
T. l. Okuma, 1980: 75, f. 1-11 (mf).
T. l. Yaginuma, 1986a: 133, f. 70.8 (m).
T. l. Okuma, 1988c: 193, f. 8A-H (mf).
mf latro Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
T. l. Tullgren, 1910: 148, pl. 3, f. 70 (Dmf).
T. l. Okuma, 1984: 90, f. 3A-J (mf).
mf lauta Yaginuma, 1959....................Hong Kong, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
T. l. Yaginuma, 1959b: 11, f. 1-7 (Dmf).
T. l. Paik & Namkung, 1979: 53, f. 37.1-2 (mf).
T. l. Yaginuma, 1986a: 131, f. 70.6 (m).
T. l. Okuma, 1988c: 200, f. 14A-K (mf).
T. l. Chikuni, 1989b: 93, f. 11 (m).
T. l. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 66, f. 17, 41, 64, 75-76 (mf).
T. l. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126D, M, 127R-U (mf).
f lea Bösenberg & Strand, 1906....................Russia, Korea, Japan
T. l. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 178, pl. 15, f. 407 (Df).
T. l. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 67, f. 65 (f).
mf lepida Rainbow, 1916....................Queensland
T. l. Rainbow, 1916a: 81, pl. 21, f. 1-3 (Dmf).
m levii Okuma, 1992....................Mexico
T. l. Okuma, 1992: 231: f. 12A-H (Dm).
m lewisi Chickering, 1962....................Jamaica
T. l. Chickering, 1962: 439, f. 41-48 (Dm).
f linearis Nicolet, 1849....................Colombia, Chile
T. l. Nicolet, 1849: 517 (Df).
T. l. Keyserling, 1865: 853, pl. 21, f. 23 (Dm).
f lineatula Roewer, 1942....................Malaysia
Limoxera lineata Thorell, 1890a: 224 (Df; preoccupied by Blackwall, 1862a sub Tetragnatha).
T. lineata Simon, 1905c: 61.
T. l. Roewer, 1942a: 982 (replacement name).
f linyphioides Karsch, 1878....................Mozambique
T. l. Karsch, 1878a: 317, pl. 1, f. 2 (Df).
m llavaca Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
T. l. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 497, f. 306a-i (Dm).
m longidens Mello-Leitão, 1945....................Argentina, Brazil
T. l. Mello-Leitão, 1945b: 244, f. 22-23 (Dm).
T. soaresi Camargo, 1950b: 240, pl. I, f. 3-4, pl. IV, f. 6-8 (Dm).
T. l. Camargo, 1953: 312 (S).
mf luculenta Simon, 1907....................Guinea-Bissau
T. l. Simon, 1907d: 269 (Dmf).
m luteocincta Simon, 1908....................Western Australia
T. l. Simon, 1908d: 420 (Dm).
T. l. Dalmas, 1917a: 367, f. 33 (m).
m mabelae Chickering, 1957....................Panama, Trinidad
T. m. Chickering, 1957d: 330, f. 60-64 (Dm).
T. m. Okuma, 1992: 233, f. 13A-H (m).
mf macilenta L. Koch, 1872....................Australia to Hawaii
T. m. L. Koch, 1872a: 192, pl. 16, f. 6, pl. 17, f. 1 (Dmf).
T. m. Berland, 1929b: 60, f. 45-51 (mf).
T. m. Chrysanthus, 1975: 10, f. 30-38 (mf).
T. m. Okuma, 1987: 63, f. 16A-J (mf).
mf macracantha Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. m. Gillespie, 1992a: 188, f. 42-54, 157 (Dmf).
T. m. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
f macrops Simon, 1907....................Principe
T. m. Simon, 1907d: 271 (Df).
m maeandrata Simon, 1908....................Western Australia
T. m. Simon, 1908d: 421 (Dm).
?? major Holmberg, 1876....................Argentina
T. m. Holmberg, 1876: 16 (D).
mf maka Gillespie, 1994....................Hawaii
T. m. Gillespie, 1994: 163, f. 1-15 (Dmf).
mf makiharai Okuma, 1977....................Russia, Japan, Ryukyu Is.
T. m. Okuma, 1977: 27, f. 1-9 (Dmf).
T. m. Yaginuma, 1986a: 133, f. 71.1 (m).
T. m. Okuma, 1988b: 172, f. 4A-K (mf).
T. m. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 61, f. 12-16 (m).
mf mandibulata Walckenaer, 1842....................West Africa, Bangladesh to Philippines, Australia
T. m. Walckenaer, 1842: 211 (Dmf).
T. minax Blackwall, 1877: 20, pl. 2, f. 14 (Dmf).
T. minatoria Simon, 1877b: 83 (Dm).
T. leptognatha Thorell, 1877b: 441 (Df).
T. m. Pocock, 1900a: 215, f. 67 (mf).
T. m. Simon, 1900a: 468, pl. 19, f. 7 (mf).
T. m. Gravely, 1921b: 429, 441 f. 1d, 3d-e (mf).
T. m. Roewer, 1938: 51, f. 37-38 (mf).
T. m. Chrysanthus, 1963: 733, f. 24-26, 36-39 (mf).
T. m. Okuma, 1968a: 40, f. 1-8 (f).
T. m. Okuma, 1968b: 101, f. 6A-G (m).
T. m. Yin, 1976: 124, pl. IV.1-12 (mf).
T. m. Saaristo, 1978: 121, f. 224-231 (f).
T. m. Song, 1980: 123, f. 64a-h (mf).
T. m. Yin, Wang & Hu, 1983: 34, f. 2B, 5A (m).
T. m. Hu, 1984: 146, f. 149.1-10 (mf).
T. m. Okuma, 1983: 70, f. 2A-L (mf).
T. m. Okuma, 1987: 85, f. 32A-J (mf).
T. m. Okuma, 1988c: 204, f. 17A-J (mf).
T. m. Chen & Gao, 1990: 81, f. 102a-e (mf).
T. m. Vungsilabutr, 1988: 71, f. 5A-I (mf).
T. m. Okuma et al., 1993: 39, f. 35A-G (mf).
T. m. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 516, f. 317a-e, 318a-h (mf).
T. m. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126N, 127V-Y (m).
mf maralba Roberts, 1983....................Aldabra
T. m. Roberts, 1983: 250, f. 114-123 (Dmf).
m margaritata L. Koch, 1872....................Queensland
T. m. L. Koch, 1872a: 172, pl. 14, f. 3 (Dm).
mf marginata (Thorell, 1890)....................Myanmar to New Caledonia
Limoxera m. Thorell, 1890a: 230 (Df).
T. m. Gravely, 1921b: 430.
T. m. Saaristo, 1978: 124, f. 232-241 (f, Dm, S T. quadridens, rejected; possible S of T. demissa).
mf marquesiana Berland, 1935....................Marquesas Is.
T. m. Berland, 1935: 58, f. 42-46 (Dmf).
f mawambina Strand, 1913....................Central Africa
T. m. Strand, 1913a: 356 (Df).
mf maxillosa Thorell, 1895....................South Africa, Bangladesh to Philippines, New Hebrides
T. m. Thorell, 1895: 139 (Df).
T. japonica Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 177, pl. 15, f. 409 (Dmf).
T. m. insignita Strand, 1911d: 138 (Df).
T. m. Gravely, 1921b: 430 (Dm).
T. listeri Gravely, 1921b: 443, f. 4c-d (Dmf).
T. conformans Chamberlin, 1924a: 9, pl. 2, f. 13-15 (Dmf).
T. japonica Saito 1933b: 46, pl. 3, f. 21.
T. propioides Schenkel, 1936b: 89, f. 31 (Dmf).
T. japonica Saito 1939: 57, f. 9 (1) (mf).
T. japonica Saito, 1959: 118, f. 143a-d (f).
T. japonica Lee, 1966: 57, f. 20a-d (f).
T. japonica Okuma, 1968b: 100, f. 3A-G (m).
T. m. Chrysanthus, 1975: 8, f. 14-21 (mf, S).
T. cliens Yin, 1976: 122, pl. V.1-12 (mf).
T. japonica Yin, 1976: 122, pl. VI.1-12 (mf).
T. japonica Song et al., 1976: 38, f. 3A-I (m).
T. japonica Paik & Namkung, 1979: 52, f. 36 (f).
T. japonica Song, 1980: 118, f. 61a-k (mf).
T. m. Okuma, 1983: 72, f. 3A-J (mf, S).
T. japonica Zhu, 1983: 39 (S).
T. cliens Hu, 1984: 141, f. 144.1-6 (mf).
T. japonica Hu, 1984: 143, f. 146-147 (mf).
T. cliens Guo, 1985: 83, f. 2-32.1-5 (mf).
T. japonica Guo, 1985: 86, f. 2-34.1-9 (mf).
T. japonica Zhu et al., 1985: 90, f. 78a-f (m).
T. m. Yaginuma, 1986a: 130, f. 70.2 (m).
T. m. Okuma, 1987: 83, f. 30A-J (mf).
T. m. Song, 1987: 184, f. 143 (m).
T. m. Zhang, 1987: 95, f. 77.1-7 (mf).
T. m. Okuma, 1988c: 206, f. 18A-J (mf).
T. m. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 231, f. 8A-J (mf).
T. m. Song, 1988: 124, f. 2A-E (m).
T. m. Chikuni, 1989b: 95, f. 18 (m).
T. m. Hu & Wu, 1989: 113, f. 88.1-7 (mf).
T. m. Feng, 1990: 106, f. 81.1-10 (mf).
T. m. Chen & Gao, 1990: 81, f. 103a-e (mf).
T. m. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 125, f. 119.1-12 (mf).
T. m. Vungsilabutr, 1988: 73, f. 7A-I (mf).
T. m. Song, Zhu & Li, 1993: 868, f. 30A-F (m).
T. m. Okuma et al., 1993: 37, f. 33A-G (mf).
T. diensens Zhao, 1993: 267, f. 128a-d (mf, lapsus for T. cliens).
T. m. Zhao, 1993: 273, f. 131a-f (m).
T. m. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 509, f. 313a-f, 314a-i (mf).
T. m. Song, Chen & Zhu, 1997: 1710, f. 8a-f (m).
T. m. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 67, f. 18, 42, 66, 77-78 (mf).
T. m. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 221, f. 126O, 128A-D (m).
f mertoni Strand, 1911....................Aru Is.
T. m. Strand, 1911d: 137, pl. 5, f. 45 (Df).
mf mexicana Keyserling, 1865....................Mexico to Panama
T. m. Keyserling, 1865: 854 (Df).
T. longa O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 9, pl. 2, f. 4-5 (Dmf).
T. m. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 434, pl. 41, f. 8-9 (mf).
T. apheles Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 64, pl. 17, f. 151-153 (Dm).
T. m. Chickering, 1957d: 333, f. 65-70 (mf, S).
T. m. Okuma, 1992: 234, f. 14A-I (m).
mf micrura Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea, Solomon Is.
T. m. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 450, pl. 19, f. 25-26, 28 (Dm).
T. m. Chrysanthus, 1975: 6, f. 8-13 (m).
T. m. Okuma, 1987: 59, f. 13A-L (mf).
m minitabunda O. P.-Cambridge, 1872....................Syria
T. m. O. P.-Cambridge, 1872a: 296 (Dm).
mf modesta Hirst, 1911....................Seychelles
T. m. Hirst, 1911: 385, f. 2 (Df).
T. m. Benoit, 1978f: 666, f. 2A-C (Dm).
f modica Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
T. m. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 449, pl. 19, f. 23 (Df).
m mohihi Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. m. Gillespie, 1992a: 205, f. 142-152, 165 (Dm).
mf montana Simon, 1874....................Palearctic
T. extensa Menge, 1866: 90, pl. 15, f. 26 (mf, misidentified).
T. m. Simon, 1874a: 157, pl. 2, f. 16 (Dmf).
T. extensa deserticola Lendl, 1886: 140, pl. 1, f. 7-8, pl. 3, f. 36-40, pl. 4, f. 41-43, pl. 5, f. 56 (Dmf).
T. extensa montana Lendl, 1886: 144, pl. 4, f. 44-47, 53, pl. 5, f. 55 (Dmf).
T. solandri Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 145, pl. 6, f. 5 (mf, misidentified).
T. m. Bösenberg, 1901: 58, pl. 4, f. 54 (mf).
T. solandri Kulczyn'ski, 1903b: 647, pl. 1, f. 12 (m).
T. m. Simon, 1929: 648, 749, f. 1000-1001, 1004 (mf).
T. m. Wiehle, 1939: 376, f. 7-9, 24-26, 37, 45, 52-53 (mf).
T. solandri Tullgren, 1947: 144, f. 45-54 (mf).
T. m. Locket & Millidge, 1951: 41, f. 14A-D (m).
T. m. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 102, f. 64C, F, 67B, 68B, 69A, E (mf).
T. m. Wiehle, 1963a: 23, f. 31-41 (mf).
T. solandri Azheganova, 1968: 94, f. 208-211, 223 (mf).
T. solandri Palmgren, 1974a: 51, f. 22i-j, 23e, 24e, 25e-f (mf).
T. m. Roberts, 1985: 199, f. 88c, 89c (mf).
T. m. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 60, f. 127 (mf).
T. m. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 61, f. 63-65 (f).
T. m. Roberts, 1995: 303, f. (mf).
T. m. Mcheidze, 1997: 288, f. 659-661 (m).
T. m. Yoward, 1998: 10, f. 1 (f).
T. m. Roberts, 1998: 317, f. (mf).
m montana timorensis Schenkel, 1944....................Timor
T. m. t. Schenkel, 1944: 178, f. 3 (Dm).
mf monticola Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. m. Okuma, 1987: 72, f. 22A-K (Dmf).
f moulmeinensis Gravely, 1921....................Myanmar
T. m. Gravely, 1921b: 439, f. 2 (Df).
f multipunctata Urquhart, 1891....................New Zealand
T. m. Urquhart, 1891a: 176 (Df).
mf nana Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. n. Okuma, 1987: 68, f. 20A-K (Dmf).
m necatoria Tullgren, 1910....................East Africa
T. n. Tullgren, 1910: 149, pl. 3, f. 72 (Dm).
f nepaeformis Doleschall, 1859....................Java
T. n. Doleschall, 1859: 46, pl. 16, f. 1 (Df).
mf nero Butler, 1876....................Rodriguez
T. n. Butler, 1876b: 442, pl. 52, f. 3 (Dmf).
mf netrix Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. n. Simon, 1900a: 468, pl. 19, f. 6 (Dmf).
T. n. Okuma, 1988d: 80, f. 4A-P (mf).
f nigricans Dalmas, 1917....................New Zealand
T. n. Dalmas, 1917a: 368 (Df).
mf nigrigularis Simon, 1898....................Seychelles
T. n. Simon, 1898d: 377 (Df).
T. n. Benoit, 1978f: 663, f. 1A-C (Dm).
mf nigrita Lendl, 1886....................Palearctic
T. n. Lendl, 1886: 134, pl. 1, f. 5-6, pl. 3, f. 27-28 (Dmf).
T. n. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 144, pl. 6, f. 8 (mf).
T. n. Bösenberg, 1901: 60, pl. 4, f. 57 (mf).
T. n. Kulczyn'ski, 1903b: 647, pl. 1, f. 13-14 (m).
T. n. Lessert, 1910b: 291, f. 156-158 (mf).
T. cliens Chamberlin, 1924a: 12, pl. 3, f. 21-23 (Dm; not f, =T. maxillosa).
T. n. Simon, 1929: 649, 750, f. 1002-1003 (mf).
T. n. Schenkel, 1936b: 92, f. 32 (f).
T. n. Wiehle, 1939: 376, f. 5-6, 27-29, 39, 46, 56-57 (mf).
T. n. Tullgren, 1947: 147, f. 55-62 (mf).
T. n. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 104, f. 64E, 65A, 67C, 68E-F, 69F (mf).
T. n. Wiehle, 1963a: 28, f. 44-51 (mf).
T. n. Palmgren, 1974a: 46, f. 23g, 25h-i (f).
T. n. Ono, 1975a: 16, f. 5-7 (m).
T. n. Roberts, 1985: 199, f. 88f, 89f (mf).
T. n. Song, 1988: 126, f. 5A-C (m, S).
T. n. Chen & Gao, 1990: 82, f. 104a-e (mf).
T. n. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 132, f. 125.1-12 (mf).
T. n. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 60, f. 128 (mf).
T. n. Song, Zhu & Li, 1993: 868, f. 31A-C (m).
T. n. Roberts, 1995: 304, f. (mf).
T. n. Roberts, 1998: 318, f. (mf).
T. n. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 222, f. 126L, P, 128E-F (m).
mf niokolona Roewer, 1961....................Senegal
T. n. Roewer, 1961b: 57, f. 17a-g (Dmf).
mf nitens (Audouin, 1826)....................Cosmotropical
Eugnatha n. Audouin, 1826: 323, pl. 2, f. 2 (Df).
Eugnatha pelusia Audouin, 1826: 325, pl. 2, f. 3 (Dmf).
T. gracilis Lucas, 1838: 43, pl. 6, f. 8 (Df).
T. n. Walckenaer, 1842: 209.
T. pelusia Walckenaer, 1842: 210.
Deinagnatha dandridgei White, 1846: 180, pl. 2, f. 5 (Dm).
T. deinognatha Walckenaer, 1842: 478 (Dm).
T. n. Keyserling, 1865: 845, pl. 21, f. 1-4 (mf).
T. ferox L. Koch, 1872a: 173, pl. 14, f. 4-5 (Dmf).
T. gulosa L. Koch, 1872a: 176, pl. 14, f. 6, pl. 15, f. 1 (Dmf).
T. molesta O. P.-Cambridge, 1872a: 295 (Dm).
T. ejuncida Simon, 1874a: 160 (Dm).
T. andina Taczanowski, 1878b: 144, pl. 1, f. 2 (Dmf).
T. typica Urquhart, 1890c: 251, pl. 17, f. 6-7 (Dmf).
T. antillana Simon, 1897d: 868 (Dmf).
T. vicina Simon, 1897d: 869 (Dm).
T. peninsulana Banks, 1898b: 246, pl. 15, f. 12 (Dmf).
T. n. Simon, 1929: 646, 748, f. 994-995 (mf).
T. galapagoensis Banks, 1902c: 61, pl. 1, f. 10 (Dmf).
T. antillana F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 433, pl. 41, f. 5-6 (mf).
T. ferox crossae Hogg, 1911: 300, f. 92 (Dmf).
T. aptans Chamberlin, 1920b: 41, pl. 4, f. 7-8 (Dm).
T. eremita Chamberlin, 1924b: 645, f. 89-90 (Dm).
T. antillana Seeley, 1928: 105, pl. 1, f. 1-4 (mf).
T. antillana Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 281, f. 141-147 (mf).
Cyrtognatha producta Franganillo, 1930: 17 (D; N.B.: omitted by Roewer, S per Bonnet, 1959: 4318, footnote 43).
T. seminola Gertsch, 1936a: 10, f. 22-23 (Dm).
T. steckleri Gertsch & Ivie, 1936: 19, f. 31-33 (Dmf).
T. elmora Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942a: 62, f. 160 (Df).
T. festina Bryant, 1945a: 407, f. 38-41 (Dm; f=T. tenuissima).
T. haitiensis Bryant, 1945a: 408, f. 37 (Df).
T. n. Parrott, 1946: 82 (S).
T. antillana Chickering, 1957b: 2, 12-13 (S).
T. antillana Chickering, 1957d: 306, f. 1-6 (mf, S).
T. antillana Bücherl, 1959: 293, f. 14-18 (m).
T. antillana Chickering, 1962: 428, f. 1-6 (mf).
T. n. Wiehle, 1962: 377, f. 6a, 7-8, 12-13 (m).
T. nitens kullmanni Wiehle, 1962: 379, f. 1-5, 6b, 9-11, 14-15 (Dmf).
T. hotingchiehi Schenkel, 1963: 127, f. 75a-e (Dm).
T. n. Okuma, 1968a: 40, f. 9-16 (f).
T. n. Okuma, 1968b: 102, f. 7A-E (m).
T. n. Yin, 1976: 123, pl. VIII.1-12 (mf).
T. n. Song et al., 1976: 39, f. 4A-H (m).
T. n. Song, 1980: 122, f. 63a-h (mf).
T. n. Levi, 1981a: 291, f. 23-34, pl. 5a-b (mf, S).
T. n. Okuma, 1983: 75, f.4A-L (mf).
T. n. Hu, 1984: 146, f. 150-151 (mf).
T. n. Guo, 1985: 89, f. 2-36.1-7 (mf).
T. n. Yaginuma, 1986a: 135, f. 72.1 (m).
T. n. Okuma, 1987: 84, f. 31A-I (mf).
T. n. Song, 1987: 185, f. 144 (m, S).
T. n. Zhang, 1987: 96, f. 78.1-6 (mf).
T. n. Okuma, 1988c: 207, f. 19A-K (mf).
T. n. Davies, 1988b: 282, f. 8 (mf).
T. n. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 231, f. 9A-K (mf).
T. n. Feng, 1990: 107, f. 82.1-11 (mf).
T. n. Chen & Gao, 1990: 83, f. 105a-e (mf).
T. n. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 127, f. 121.1-13 (mf).
T. n. Vungsilabutr, 1988: 72, f. 6A-I (mf).
T. n. Okuma, 1992: 235, f. 15A-L (mf).
T. n. Wunderlich, 1992a: 365, f. 341-344 (mf, S).
T. n. Okuma et al., 1993: 45, f. 41A-G (mf).
T. n. Zhao, 1993: 276, f. 132a-c (m).
T. n. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 518, f. 319a-f, 320a-i (mf).
T. n. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 222, f. 126Q-R, 128G-H (m).
mf nitidiuscula Simon, 1907....................West Africa
T. n. Simon, 1907d: 268 (Dmf).
mf nitidiventris Simon, 1907....................Guinea-Bissau
T. n. Simon, 1907d: 274 (Dmf).
f notophilla Boeris, 1889....................Peru
T. n. Boeris, 1889: 129 (Df).
m noumeensis Berland, 1924....................New Caledonia
T. n. Berland, 1924a: 207, f. 96-103 (Dm).
mf novia Simon, 1901....................Malaysia
T. n. Simon, 1901k: 55 (Dmf).
f nubica Denis, 1955....................Niger
T. n. Denis, 1955b: 130, f. 32-36 (Df).
mf obscuriceps Caporiacco, 1940....................Ethiopia
T. o. Caporiacco, 1940c: 811, f. 23 (Dmf).
mf obtusa C. L. Koch, 1837....................Palearctic
T. o. C. L. Koch, 1837b: 5 (D).
T. epeirides Walckenaer, 1842: 223 (Df).
T. gibbosa Walckenaer, 1847b: 64 (Df).
T. o. Westring, 1861: 86 (Df).
T. o. Menge, 1866: 93, pl. 15, f. 27 (mf).
T. o. Thorell, 1873: 459.
T. chrysochlora Simon, 1874a: 161, pl. 2, f. 17 (mf, misidentified).
T. o. Lendl, 1886: 148, pl. 1, f. 10, pl. 4, f. 48-50, pl. 5, f. 54 (f).
T. o. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 145, pl. 6, f. 10 (mf).
T. chrysochlora Becker, 1896: 64, pl. 14, f. 2 (mf, misidentified).
T. o. Bösenberg, 1901: 60, pl. 4, f. 56 (mf).
T. o. Kulczyn'ski, 1903b: 648, pl. 1, f. 16-17 (m).
T. o. Lessert, 1910b: 295, f. 162-163 (mf).
T. o. Simon, 1929: 648, 769, f. 996 (mf).
T. o. Wiehle, 1939: 376, f. 10-11, 20-23, 38, 44, 54-55, 60 (mf).
T. o. Tullgren, 1947: 138, f. 25-31 (mf).
T. o. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 104, f. 64G, 65B, 66B, 67D, 68D, 69D (mf).
T. o. Wiehle, 1963a: 37, f. 52-64 (mf).
T. o. Miller, 1971: 198, pl. XXXVI, f. 16-19 (mf).
T. o. Palmgren, 1974a: 49, f. 22h, 23f, 24d, 25g (mf).
T. o. Roberts, 1985: 199, f. 88d, 89d (mf).
T. o. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 62, f. 129 (mf).
T. o. Hansen, 1991: 11, f. 6-7 (f).
T. o. Roberts, 1995: 304, f. (mf).
T. o. Roberts, 1998: 318, f. (mf).
f obtusa corsica Simon, 1929....................Corsica
T. o. c. Simon, 1929: 650, 750 (Df).
mf obtusa intermedia Kulczyn'ski, 1891....................Hungary
T. o. i. Kulczyn'ski, in Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 145, pl. 6, f. 11 (Dmf).
mf obtusa proprior Kulczyn'ski, 1891....................Hungary
T. o. p. Kulczyn'ski, in Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 145, pl. 6, f. 12 (Dmf).
T. o. p. Kulczyn'ski, 1903b: 648, pl. 1, f. 18 (m).
f oculata Denis, 1955....................Niger
T. o. Denis, 1955b: 132, f. 37-39 (Df).
m okumae Barrion & Litsinger, 1995....................Philippines
T. o. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 505, f. 311a-p (Dm).
f olindana Karsch, 1880....................Polynesia
T. o. Karsch, 1880a: 81 (Df).
f oreobia Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. o. Okuma, 1987: 51, f. 8A-F (Df).
mf orizaba (Banks, 1898)....................Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica
Eugnatha o. Banks, 1898b: 248, pl. 15, f. 16 (Dmf).
T. o. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 436.
T. o. Seeley, 1928: 130, pl. 3, f. 36-39 (mf).
T. o. Bryant, 1940: 366, f. 135 (m).
T. o. Chickering, 1962: 442, f. 49-55 (mf).
mf oubatchensis Berland, 1924....................New Caledonia
T. o. Berland, 1924a: 207, f. 91-95 (Dmf).
T. o. Bigot, 1992: 114, f. 1a-b (m).
mf pallescens F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903....................North, Central America, West Indies
T. pallida Banks, 1892a: 51, pl. 5, f. 88 (Dm; preoccupied).
Eugnatha pallida McCook, 1894: 265, pl. 25, f. 10-11 (m, Df).
T. p. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 436 (replacememt name).
T. bidens F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 434, pl. 41, f. 7 (Dm).
Eugnatha pallidula Banks, 1910: 36 (superfluous replacement name).
Eugnatha p. Petrunkevitch, 1911: 340.
T. pallidula Comstock, 1912: 415, f. 423b (mf).
T. p. Seeley, 1928: 131, pl. 3, f. 40-43 (mf).
T. p. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 274, f. 131-137 (mf).
T. p. Chickering, 1957d: 336, f. 71-75 (mf).
T. p. Chickering, 1959: 487, f. 31-35 (mf).
T. p. Chickering, 1962: 444, f. 56-61 (mf).
T. p. Levi, 1981a: 308, f. 129-139, pl. 7a (mf).
T. p. Okuma, 1992: 236, f. 16A-J (mf).
mf pallida O. P.-Cambridge, 1889....................Costa Rica, Panama
T. p. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 10, pl. 2, f. 8-9 (Dmf).
T. p. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 435, pl. 41, f. 12-13 (mf).
T. p. Chickering, 1957d: 338, f. 76-80 (mf).
T. p. Okuma, 1992: 236, f. 17A-K (mf).
mf paludicola Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. p. Gillespie, 1992b: 14, f. 71-84, 90-91 (Dmf).
mf paludis Caporiacco, 1940....................Ethiopia
T. p. Caporiacco, 1940c: 808, f. 21 (Dmf).
mf panopea L. Koch, 1872....................Macronesia, Polynesia, Hawaii
T. p. L. Koch, 1872a: 189, pl. 16, f. 3-4 (Dmf).
mf papuana Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
T. p. Kulczyn'ski, 1911c: 446, pl. 19, f. 20, 24 (Dm).
T. p. Chrysanthus, 1975: 10, f. 22-29 (m, Df).
T. p. Okuma, 1987: 82, f. 29A-I (m).
f paradisea Pocock, 1901....................India
T. p. Pocock, 1901d: 479 (Df).
mf paradoxa Okuma, 1992....................Costa Rica
T. p. Okuma, 1992: 238, f. 18A-G, 19A-E (Dmf).
f paraguayensis (Mello-Leitão, 1939)....................Paraguay
Eucta p. Mello-Leitão, 1939e: 66, f. 41 (Df).
f parva Badcock, 1932....................Paraguay
T. p. Badcock, 1932: 14 (Df).
mf parvula Thorell, 1891....................Nicobar Is.
T. p. Thorell, 1891: 41 (Dmf).
f paschae Berland, 1924....................Easter Is.
T. p. Berland, 1924b: 421, f. 1-2 (Df).
mf perkinsi Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. p. Simon, 1900a: 470, pl. 19, f. 5 (Dmf).
T. p. Okuma, 1988d: 81, f. 5A-L, 6A-I (mf).
mf perreirai Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. p. Gillespie, 1992a: 196, f. 95-108, 162 (Dmf).
T. p. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
mf peruviana Taczanowski, 1878....................Peru
T. p. Taczanowski, 1878b: 142, pl. 1, f. 1 (Dmf).
mf petrunkevitchi Caporiacco, 1947....................Guyana
T. p. Caporiacco, 1947a: 24 (Dmf).
T. petrunkewitchi Caporiacco, 1948a: 646, f. 51-53 (m).
mf phaeodactyla Kulczyn'ski, 1911....................New Guinea
T. p. Kulczyn'ski, 1911d: 115, pl. 4, f. 4-6 (Dmf).
T. p. Okuma, 1987: 41, f. 2A-K (mf).
mf pilosa Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. p. Gillespie, 1992a: 198, f. 109-122, 163 (Dmf).
T. p. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
mf pinicola L. Koch, 1870....................Palearctic
T. p. L. Koch, 1870: 11 (Dmf).
Eugnatha picta Lendl, 1886: 129, pl. 1, f. 3-4, pl. 2, f. 16-18, pl. 5, f. 59 (Dmf).
T. p. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 144, pl. 6, f. 13 (mf).
T. p. Bösenberg, 1901: 61, pl. 4-5, f. 58 (mf).
T. p. Kulczyn'ski, 1903b: 647, pl. 1, f. 15 (m).
T. p. Lessert, 1910b: 291, f. 153-155 (mf).
T. p. Wiehle, 1939: 376, f. 3-4, 17-19, 40, 43, 50-51 (mf).
T. p. Tullgren, 1947: 130, f. 5-6, 12-15, 18, 21-22 (mf).
T. p. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 102, f. 64D, 67E, 68C, 69C (mf).
T. p. Saito, 1959: 118, f. 145a-d (m).
T. p. Wiehle, 1963a: 18, f. 20-30 (mf).
T. p. Azheganova, 1968: 94, f. 201-202, 212, 221 (mf).
T. p. Palmgren, 1974a: 48, f. 22d-f, 23c, 24b, 25c (mf).
T. p. Punda, 1975b: 50, f. 96-100 (m).
T. p. Hu, 1984: 147, f. 152.1-3 (f).
T. p. Roberts, 1985: 198, f. 88b, 89b (mf).
T. p. Zhu et al., 1985: 92, f. 80a-f (m).
T. p. Yaginuma, 1986a: 131, f. 70.5 (m).
T. p. Okuma, 1988b: 179, f. 9A-K (mf).
T. p. Chikuni, 1989b: 93, f. 12 (m).
T. p. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 60, f. 125 (mf).
T. p. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 61, f. 32-38 (mf).
T. p. Roberts, 1995: 303, f. (mf).
T. p. Mcheidze, 1997: 289, f. 668-672 (mf).
T. p. Roberts, 1998: 317, f. (mf).
T. p. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 69, f. 19, 43, 67, 79-80 (mf).
T. p. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 222, f. 126F, S, 128I-L (mf).
mf piscatoria Simon, 1897....................West Indies
T. p. Simon, 1897d: 869 (Dmf).
T. p. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 285, f. 148-153 (mf).
T. p. Franganillo, 1936c: 90, f. 44-45 (m).
m planata Karsch, 1891....................Sri Lanka
T. p. Karsch, 1891: 287 (Dm).
f plena Chamberlin, 1924....................China
T. p. Chamberlin, 1924a: 11, pl. 3, f. 18 (Df).
mf polychromata Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. p. Gillespie, 1992a: 182, f. 16-28, 154 (Dmf).
T. p. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
mf potanini Schenkel, 1963....................China
T. p. Schenkel, 1963: 123, f. 73a-f (Dmf).
T. p. Zhu et al., 1985: 94, f. 81a-f (m).
mf praedonia L. Koch, 1878....................Russia, China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
T. p. L. Koch, 1878c: 744, pl. 15, f. 6-9 (Dmf).
T. p. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 177, pl. 3, f. 7, pl. 15, f. 404 (mf).
T. p. Saito, 1933b: 47, pl. 3, f. 22.
T. p. Saito, 1939: 58, f. 7 (2) (mf).
T. nigrita niccensis Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 179 (Df).
T. sociella Chamberlin, 1924a: 10, pl. 3, f. 17 (Df).
T. p. Saito, 1959: 118, f. 144a-h (mf).
T. p. Yin, 1976: 121, pl. IV.1-11 (mf).
T. p. Hikichi, 1977: 154, f. 44 (f).
T. p. Paik & Namkung, 1979: 53, f. 38.1-2 (mf).
T. p. Song, 1980: 120, f. 62a-i (mf).
T. p. Ono, 1981c: 5, f. 3-7 (f, S).
T. p. Hu, 1984: 148, f. 153-154 (mf).
T. p. Yaginuma, 1986a: 130, f. 70.1 (m).
T. p. Zhang, 1987: 98, f. 80.1-8 (mf).
T. p. Okuma, 1988b: 174, f. 6A-L (mf).
T. p. Song, 1988: 123, f. 1A-B (S).
T. p. Chikuni, 1989b: 95, f. 17 (m).
T. p. Feng, 1990: 109, f. 84.1-10 (mf).
T. p. Chen & Gao, 1990: 85, f. 106a-e (mf).
T. p. Logunov, 1992e: 63, f. 8 (f).
T. p. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 61, f. 17-24 (mf).
T. p. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 70, f. 20, 44, 68, 81-82 (mf).
mf priamus Okuma, 1987....................Solomon Is.
T. p. Okuma, 1987: 52, f. 9A-M (Dmf).
mf protensa Walckenaer, 1842....................Madagascar to Australia, New Caledonia, Palau
T. p. Walckenaer, 1842: 209 (Df).
T. p. Vinson, 1863: 250, 316, pl. 12, f. 4 (f, Dm).
T. p. Keyserling, 1865: 847, pl. 21, f. 14-17 (m).
T. conica L. Koch, 1872a: 182, pl. 15, f. 4 (Df; N.B.: primary junior homonym).
T. conica Keyserling, 1887a: 222, pl. 20, f. 4 (Dm).
mf puella Thorell, 1895....................Myanmar, Sumatra, New Guinea
T. p. Thorell, 1895: 143 (Dmf).
mf pulchella Thorell, 1877....................Sumatra, Sulawesi
T. p. Thorell, 1877b: 438 (Dmf).
f quadrinotata Urquhart, 1893....................Tasmania
T. q. Urquhart, 1893b: 113 (Df).
mf quasimodo Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. q. Gillespie, 1992a: 200, f. 123-136, 166-169 (Dmf).
T. q. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
f quechua Chamberlin, 1916....................Peru
T. q. Chamberlin, 1916: 240, pl. 18, f. 4 (Dm).
mf radiata Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea
T. r. Chrysanthus, 1975: 15, f. 54-61 (Dmf).
T. r. Okuma, 1987: 70, f. 21A-M (mf).
mf ramboi Mello-Leitão, 1943....................Brazil
T. r. Mello-Leitão, 1943a: 193, f. 24, 24a-b (Dmf).
mf recurva Schenkel, 1936....................Russia, China
T. r. Schenkel, 1936b: 85, f. 29 (Dmf).
T. r. Hu & Li, 1987b: 269, f. 14.1-7 (mf).
T. r. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 61, f. 50-58 (mf).
mf reimoseri (Rosca, 1939)....................Central, Eastern Europe
Eucta r. Rosca, 1939: 91, f. 1-3 (Dmf).
Eucta kaestneri Crome, 1954: 426, f. 1-3, 6, 8, 10-48 (Dmf).
Eucta kaestneri Wiehle, 1963a: 55, f. 90-98 (mf).
Eucta kaestneri Vasiliu, 1968: 25, f. 1-5 (f).
T. kaestneri Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 58, f. 123 (mf).
T. r. Blick, Sammorey & Martin, 1993: 29 (S).
T. r. Roberts, 1998: 319, f. (mf).
mf restricta Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. r. Simon, 1900a: 473, pl. 19, f. 10 (Dmf).
T. r. Okuma, 1988d: 83, f. 7A-Q (mf).
T. r. Gillespie, 1992a: 203, f. 137-144, 164 (mf).
T. r. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
m retinens Chamberlin, 1924....................China
T. r. Chamberlin, 1924a: 11, pl. 3, f. 19-20 (Dm).
T. r. Song, 1988: 126, f. 4A-D (m).
T. r. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 222, f. 126T, 128T-V (m).
?? rimandoi Barrion, 1998....................Philippines
T. r. Barrion, 1998b: 156, f. ?? (D??, paper not seen).
j rimitarae Strand, 1911....................Polynesia
T. r. Strand, 1911b: 205 (Dj).
?? riparia Holmberg, 1876....................Argentina
T. r. Holmberg, 1876: 16 (D).
mf riveti Berland, 1913....................Ecuador
T. r. Berland, 1913b: 90, pl. 8, f. 24-30 (Dmf).
m roeweri Caporiacco, 1949....................Kenya
T. r. Caporiacco, 1949a: 348, f. 16a-b (Dm).
f rossi Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea
T. r. Chrysanthus, 1975: 15, f. 45-47 (Df).
f rouxi (Berland, 1924)....................New Caledonia
Eucta r. Berland, 1924a: 209, f. 104-107 (Df).
mf rubriventris Doleschall, 1857....................New Guinea, Queensland
T. r. Doleschall, 1857: 410 (Df).
T. lupata L. Koch, 1872a: 170, 178, pl. 15, f. 2 (Dmf).
Eugnatha r. Keyserling, 1887a: 225.
T. r. Simon, 1894a: 718, f. 794-796 (m).
T. r. Chrysanthus, 1963: 735, f. 27-29, 40-43 (mf).
T. r. Okuma, 1987: 40, f. 1A-K (mf).
mf scopus Chamberlin, 1916....................Peru
T. s. Chamberlin, 1916: 239, pl. 18, f. 1 (Dmf).
mf serra Doleschall, 1857....................Thailand to Hong Kong, New Guinea
T. s. Doleschall, 1857: 408 (Dm).
T. s. Doleschall, 1859: pl. 8, f. 5 (m).
T. s. Thorell, 1878b: 111 (Df).
T. s. Merian, 1911: 182, f. Q-T.
T. s. Okuma, 1987: 75, f. 24A-F (f).
T. s. Okuma, 1988c: 203, f. 16A-F (f).
T. s. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 126E, 128Q (f).
?? shanghaiensis Strand, 1907....................China
T. s. Strand, 1907k: 150 (D).
mf shinanoensis Okuma & Chikuni, 1978....................Japan
T. s. Okuma & Chikuni, 1978: 1, f. 1-13 (Dmf).
T. s. Yaginuma, 1986a: 133, f. 71.3 (m).
T. s. Okuma, 1988b: 176, f. 7A-J (mf).
T. s. Chikuni, 1989b: 94, f. 13 (m).
mf shoshone Levi, 1981....................USA, Canada, Europe
T. s. Levi, 1981a: 312, f. 158-166, pl. 7e-f (Dmf).
T. s. Uhl et al., 1992: 249, f. 1-39 (mf).
mf sidama Caporiacco, 1940....................Ethiopia
T. s. Caporiacco, 1940c: 809, f. 22 (Dmf).
mf signata Okuma, 1987....................New Guinea
T. s. Okuma, 1987: 72, f. 23A-K (Dmf).
mf similis Nicolet, 1849....................Chile
T. s. Nicolet, 1849: 518, pl. 4, f. 6 (Df).
T. s. Keyserling, 1865: 840, pl. 20, f. 21-23 (f, Dm).
mf simintina Roewer, 1961....................Senegal
T. s. Roewer, 1961b: 59, f. 18a-g (Dmf).
m sinuosa Chickering, 1957....................Panama
T. s. Chickering, 1957d: 340, f. 81-86 (Dm).
T. s. Okuma, 1992: 240, f. 20A-I (m).
m sobrina Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. s. Simon, 1900a: 471, pl. 19, f. 8 (Dm).
mf squamata Karsch, 1879....................China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
T. s. Karsch, 1879g: 65, pl. 1, f. 3 (Dmf).
T. s. Strand, 1918: 95, pl. 2, f. 5 (m).
T. s. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 176, pl. 3, f. 5, pl. 15, f. 405 (mf).
T. s. Saito, 1934a: 338, f. 9 (mf).
T. s. Saito, 1934b: 333, pl. 15, f. 69 (f).
T. s. Saito, 1939: 59, f. 7 (3) (mf).
T. s. Saito, 1959: 118, f. 146a-g (mf).
T. s. Lee, 1966: 57, f. 20e-g (m).
T. s. Yin, 1976: 124, pl. X.1-11 (mf).
T. s. Paik & Namkung, 1979: 55, f. 40.1-2 (mf).
T. s. Song, 1980: 126, f. 66a-g (mf).
T. s. Hu, 1984: 150, f. 156.1-8 (mf).
T. s. Guo, 1985: 92, f. 2-38.1-7 (mf).
T. s. Yaginuma, 1986a: 135, f. 71.7 (m).
T. s. Zhang, 1987: 100, f. 81.1-6 (mf).
T. s. Okuma, 1988c: 188, f. 5A-K (mf).
T. s. Chikuni, 1989b: 94, f. 14 (m).
T. sguamata Feng, 1990: 108, f. 83.1-8 (mf).
T. s. Chen & Gao, 1990: 85, f. 107a-e (mf).
T. s. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 130, f. 123.1-11 (mf).
T. s. Zhao, 1993: 293, f. 135a-c (mf).
T. s. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 72, f. 21, 45, 69, 83-84 (mf).
T. s. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 126U, 128R-S, W (m).
mf stelarobusta Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. s. Gillespie, 1992b: 12, f. 57-70, 88-89 (Dmf).
m stellarum Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea
T. s. Chrysanthus, 1975: 17, f. 68-71 (Dm).
f sternalis Nicolet, 1849....................Chile
T. s. Nicolet, 1849: 519 (Df).
m stimulifera Simon, 1907....................Congo
T. s. Simon, 1907d: 273 (Dm).
mf straminea Emerton, 1884....................USA, Canada, Cuba
T. s. Emerton, 1884: 335, pl. 39, f. 15, 17, 20-21 (Dmf).
Eugnatha s. Banks, 1893a: 132.
T. s. Emerton, 1902: 204, f. 464, 468 (mf).
T. s. Comstock, 1912: 414, f. 423a, 427 (mf).
T. s. Seeley, 1928: 136, pl. 4, f. 49-54 (mf).
T. s. Kaston, 1948: 271, f. 855-856, 868-871 (m).
T. s. Chickering, 1959: 494, f. 41-46 (mf).
T. s. Levi, 1981a: 312, f. 149-157, pl. 7d (mf).
mf strandi Lessert, 1915....................East, Southern Africa
T. s. Lessert, 1915a: 15, pl. 1, f. 5, 9-11, 16-17 (Dmf).
f strandi melanogaster Schmidt & Krause, 1993....................Comoro Is.
T. s. m. Schmidt & Krause, 1993b: 7 (Df).
mf streichi Strand, 1907....................China
T. s. Strand, 1907k: 152, f. 9 (Dmf).
mf striata L. Koch, 1862....................Europe to Kazakhstan
T. s. L. Koch, 1862: 79 (Dmf).
T. s. Keyserling, 1865: 838, pl. 20, f. 11-15 (mf).
Eugnatha s. Simon, 1881a: 3.
Eugnatha s. Lendl, 1886: 126, pl. 1, f. 9, pl. 2, f. 19-25, pl. 5, f. 58 (mf).
Eugnatha s. Chyzer & Kulczyn'ski, 1891: 146, pl. 6, f. 14 (mf).
Eugnatha s. Wiehle, 1939: 378, f. 12-13, 30-34, 41, 47, 58-59 (mf).
Eugnatha s. Tullgren, 1947: 149, f. 63-67 (mf).
Eugnatha s. Locket & Millidge, 1953: 106, f. 70A-E (mf).
Eugnatha s. Mikulska, Dembin'ska & Piatkowska, 1962: 6, f. 5-9 (m).
Arundognatha s. Wiehle, 1963a: 47, f. 75-88 (Tmf from Tetragnatha).
Eugnatha s. Azheganova, 1968: 91, f. 196, 213-314, 218-219 (mf).
Arundognatha s. Miller, 1971: 198, pl. XXXVI, f. 2, 4 (f).
Arundognatha s. Palmgren, 1974a: 51, f. 22k, 24f, 25j-k (mf).
T. s. Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 61.
T. s. Roberts, 1985: 199, f. 88e, 89e (mf).
T. s. Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 60, f. 126 (mf).
T. s. Roberts, 1995: 305, f. (mf).
T. s. Roberts, 1998: 319, f. (mf).
f subclavigera Strand, 1907....................Congo
T. s. Strand, 1907a: 531 (Df).
T. s. Strand, 1907n: 595 (Df).
f subextensa Petrunkevitch, 1930....................Jamaica, Puerto Rico
T. s. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 290, f. 156-158 (Dm).
T. s. Chickering, 1962: 445, f. 62-65 (f).
mf subsquamata Okuma, 1985....................Tanzania, South Africa
T. s. Okuma, 1985: 41, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
T. s. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 231, f. 10A-K (mf).
mf sutherlandi Gravely, 1921....................India
T. s. Gravely, 1921b: 444, f. 5a-b (Dmf).
mf tanigawai Okuma, 1988....................Ryukyu Is.
T. t. Okuma, 1988a: 73, f. 3A-M (Dmf).
T. t. Okuma, 1988c: 184, f. 2A-M (mf).
mf tantalus Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. t. Gillespie, 1992a: 179, f. 3-15, 153 (Dmf).
T. t. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
f taylori O. P.-Cambridge, 1890....................South Africa
T. t. O. P.-Cambridge, 1890b: 627, pl. 53, f. 7 (Df).
mf tenera Thorell, 1881....................India, Sri Lanka, Queensland
T. t. Thorell, 1881: 136 (Dm).
T. t. Leardi, 1902a: 353 (Df).
mf tenuis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889....................Guatemala to Panama
T. t. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 8, pl. 1, f. 11-12 (Dmf).
T. t. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 432, pl. 41, f. 1-2 (mf).
T. t. Chickering, 1957d: 342, f. 87-89 (f).
mf tenuissima O. P.-Cambridge, 1889....................Mexico, West Indies to Brazil
T. t. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 9, pl. 3, f. 1-2 (Dmf).
T. t. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 432, pl. 40, f. 16-17 (mf).
T. t. Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 279, f. 138-140 (f).
T. t. Bryant, 1940: 367, f. 134 (m).
T. festina Bryant, 1945a: 407, f. 38-41 (Df; m=T. nitens).
T. t. Chickering, 1957b: 12-13 (S).
T. t. Chickering, 1957d: 344, f. 90-96 (mf).
T. t. Chickering, 1962: 447, f. 66-70 (mf).
T. t. Okuma, 1992: 240, f. 21A-L (mf).
mf tincochacae Chamberlin, 1916....................Peru
T. t. Chamberlin, 1916: 238, pl. 18, f. 2-3 (Dmf).
mf tipula (Simon, 1894)....................West Africa
Limoxera t. Simon, 1894a: 724 (Dmf).
T. t. Simon, 1903e: 78.
m tonkina Simon, 1909....................Vietnam
T. t. Simon, 1909e: 102 (Dm).
f torrensis Schmidt & Piepho, 1994....................Cape Verde Is.
T. t. Schmidt & Piepho, in Schmidt, Geisthardt & Piepho, 1994: 87, f. 3-4 (Df).
mf trichodes Thorell, 1878....................Indonesia
T. t. Thorell, 1878b: 115 (Dmf).
?? trichodes mendax Franganillo, 1909....................Portugal
T. t. m. Franganillo, 1909: 185 (D).
m tristani Banks, 1909....................Costa Rica
T. t. Banks, 1909a: 207, pl. 6, f. 46 (Dm).
T. t. Chickering, 1957a: 2, f. 1-5 (m).
mf trituberculata Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. t. Gillespie, 1992b: 2, f. 1-14, 85 (Dmf).
mf tropica O. P.-Cambridge, 1889....................Mexico to Panama
T. t. O. P.-Cambridge, 1889d: 11, pl. 2, f. 3 (Df).
T. t. F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 431, pl. 40, f. 10-11 (mf).
T. siduo Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 63, pl. 17, f. 148-150 (Dmf).
T. amplidens Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936a: 65, pl. 17, f. 147 (Df).
T. t. Chickering, 1957d: 347, f. 97-102 (mf, S).
m tullgreni Lessert, 1915....................Central, East Africa
T. t. Lessert, 1915a: 18, pl. 1, f. 24-26 (Dm).
T. t. Okuma, 1984: 91, f. 4A-H (m).
mf uncifera Simon, 1900....................Hawaii
T. u. Simon, 1900a: 474, pl. 19, f. 2 (Dmf).
T. u. Okuma, 1988d: 84, f. 8A-R (mf).
mf unicornis Tullgren, 1910....................East, South Africa
T. u. Tullgren, 1910: 149, pl. 3, f. 71 (Dmf).
T. u. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 222, f. 2A-K (mf).
mf valida Keyserling, 1887....................Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania
T. v. Keyserling, 1887a: 218, pl. 20, f. 1 (Dmf).
T. v. Hickman, 1967: 55, f. 94-98 (mf).
T. v. Okuma, 1987: 79, f. 27A-L (mf).
mf vermiformis Emerton, 1884....................USA to Panama, Southern Africa to Japan, Philippines
T. v. Emerton, 1884: 333, pl. 39, f. 12-14 (Dmf).
Eugnatha v. McCook, 1894: 264, pl. 25, f. 9 (mf).
Eucta v. Simon, 1894a: 725.
T. v. Emerton, 1909: 201, pl. 5, f. 5 (mf).
T. mackenziei Gravely, 1921b: 438, f. 1a-g (Dmf).
T. v. Seeley, 1928: 138, pl. 4, f. 55-58 (mf).
T. v. Kaston, 1948: 272, f. 877-878 (m).
T. v. Chickering, 1957d: 349, f. 103-108 (mf).
T. v. Chickering, 1959: 495, f. 47-52 (mf).
T. shikokiana Yaginuma, 1960: append. 5, pl. 35, f. 194, f. 70.9-10, 101L (Dmf).
T. mackenziei Okuma, 1968b: 101, f. 5A-F (m).
T. shikokiana Song et al., 1976: 38, f. 1, 2A-H (m).
T. shikokiana Paik & Namkung, 1979: 54, f. 39.1-2 (f).
T. shikokiana Song, 1980: 125, f. 65a-i (mf).
T. v. Levi, 1981a: 316, f. 176-184, pl. 7i (mf).
T. v. Okuma, 1983: 77, f. 5A-K (mf, S).
T. shikokiana Hu, 1984: 149, f. 155.1-6 (mf).
T. shikokiana Guo, 1985: 91, f. 2-37.1-6 (mf).
T. shikokiana Zhu et al., 1985: 96, f. 83a-g (m).
T. v. Yaginuma, 1986a: 131, f. 70.4 (m).
T. v. Song, 1987: 187, f. 146 (m).
T. v. Zhang, 1987: 101, f. 82.1-8 (mf).
T. v. Okuma, 1988c: 192, f. 7A-K (mf).
T. v. Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988: 222, f. 3A-K (mf).
T. v. Chikuni, 1989b: 96, f. 20 (m).
T. v. Hu & Wu, 1989: 116, f. 89.1-5 (mf).
T. v. Feng, 1990: 110, f. 85.1-7 (mf).
T. v. Chen & Gao, 1990: 86, f. 108a-e (mf).
T. v. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 129, f. 122.1-8 (m).
T. v. Vungsilabutr, 1988: 69, f. 3A-H (mf).
T. v. Okuma et al., 1993: 40, f. 36A-G (mf).
T. v. Zhao, 1993: 286, f. 134a-d (m).
T. v. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 63, f. 39-42 (f).
T. v. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 503, f. 309a-d, 310a-h (mf).
T. v. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 74, f. 22, 46, 85-86 (m).
T. v. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 126V, 128X-Y (m).
f vermiventris Schenkel, 1963....................China
T. (Eugnatha) v. Schenkel, 1963: 129, f. 76a-b (Df).
Arundognatha v. Brignoli, 1983c: 221 (Tf from Tetragnatha).
mf versicolor Walckenaer, 1842....................North, Central America, Cuba
T. v. Walckenaer, 1842: 208 (Df).
T. trapezoides Walckenaer, 1842: 218 (Df).
T. casula Walckenaer, 1842: 219 (Df).
T. convexa Banks, 1898b: 247, pl 15, f. 10 (Dm).
T. dentigera F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903a: 431, pl. 40, f. 14 (Df).
T. limnocharis Seeley, 1928: 129, pl. 3, f. 32-35 (Dmf).
T. munda Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929: 103, pl. 4, f. 41-45 (Dmf).
T. marianna Archer, 1940: 20, pl. I, f. 1 (Dm).
T. v. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 113 (removed from S of T. extensa, S).
T. v. Chickering, 1957a: 1 (S).
T. v. Chickering, 1957b: 12, f. 10-11 (m, S).
T. v. Chickering, 1959: 497, f. 53-57 (mf).
T. v. Levi, 1981a: 302, f. 90-109, pl. 6a-f (mf, S).
T. v. Hormiga, Eberhard & Coddington, 1995: 326, f. 7C-E (m).
T. v. Griswold et al., 1998: 61, f. 10B (m).
mf virescens Okuma, 1979....................Bangladesh, Sri Lanka to Indonesia, Philippines
T. v. Okuma, 1979a: 73, f. 1-9 (Dmf).
T. v. Okuma, 1988c: 194, f. 9A-K (mf).
T. v. Vungsilabutr, 1988: 70, f. 4A-I (mf).
T. v. Okuma et al., 1993: 41, f. 37A-G (mf).
T. v. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 302, f. 307a-e, 308a-i (mf).
mf viridis Walckenaer, 1842....................USA, Canada
T. v. Walckenaer, 1842: 216 (Df).
T. pinicola Emerton, 1915a: 139, pl. 1, f. 7 (Dm; preoccupied).
T. pinea Seeley, 1928: 133, pl. 2, f. 21-24 (mf, replacement name).
T. pinea Archer, 1941b: 10, pl. I, f. 2 (m).
T. v. Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 113 (S).
T. v. Levi, 1981a: 304, f. 110-119, pl. 6g (mf).
mf viridorufa Gravely, 1921....................India
T. v. Gravely, 1921a: 411 (Dmf).
T. v. Gravely, 1921b: 434, 445, f. 6a-b (mf).
m visenda Chickering, 1957....................Jamaica
T. v. Chickering, 1957b: 7, f. 6-9 (Dm).
T. v. Chickering, 1962: 448, f. 71-76 (m).
mf waikamoi Gillespie, 1992....................Hawaii
T. w. Gillespie, 1992a: 191, f. 55-67, 158 (Dmf).
T. w. Gillespie, 1993: 523, f. 2 (m).
m yalom Chrysanthus, 1975....................New Guinea, Bismarck Arch., Queensland
T. y. Chrysanthus, 1975: 18, f. 72-75 (Dm).
T. y. Okuma, 1987: 54, f. 10A-G (m).
mf yesoensis Saito, 1934....................Russia, Korea, Japan
T. y. Saito, 1934b: 334, pl. 13, f. 25, pl. 15, f. 70 (Dm).
T. y. Saito, 1959: 119, f. 147a-f (m).
T. y. Yaginuma, 1986a: 135, f. 71.6 (m).
T. y. Okuma, 1988c: 185, f. 3A-K (mf).
T. y. Okuma, 1989: 53, f. 2B (m).
T. y. Chikuni, 1989b: 94, f. 15 (m).
T. y. Logunov, 1992e: 63, f. 8 (mf).
T. y. Kurenshchikov, 1994: 63, f. 43-49 (mf).
T. y. Kim, Kim & Lee, 1999: 73, f. 23, 47, 87-88 (m).
m zangherii (Caporiacco, 1926)....................Italy
Eucta z. Caporiacco, 1926: 238 (Dm).
mf culta (O. P.-Cambridge, 1869)....................India, Sri Lanka
Tetragnatha c. O. P.-Cambridge, 1869b: 390, pl. 13, f. 69-75 (Dmf).
Leucauge sexpustulata Simon, 1906c: 307 (Df).
Leucauge c. Gravely, 1921b: 453, f. 8a.
Anopas cultus Archer, 1951a: 8 (Tmf from Leucauge).
Leucauge c. Tikader, 1982a: 87, f. 172-174 (f).
f magniventer Bösenberg & Strand, 1906....................Japan
T. m. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 187, pl. 15, f. 397 (Df).
f seriata Thorell, 1899....................West Africa, Cameroon
T. s. Thorell, 1899: 34 (Df).
f stellimicans (Simon, 1885)....................Malaysia
Meta s. Simon, 1885f: 449 (Df).
T. s. Simon, 1894a: 737.
mf striata (Thorell, 1877) *....................China to Australia
Meta s. Thorell, 1877b: 427 (Df).
Meta s. Hasselt, 1882: 25 (Dm).
Argyroepeira bigibba Thorell, 1887: 140 (Dj).
Argyroepeira s. Thorell, 1887: 142.
T. s. Simon, 1894a: 737, f. 809 (m).
Argyroepeira s. Workman & Workman, 1894: 19, pl. 19 (f).
T. s. Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 187, pl. 15, f. 420 (f).
T. s. Nakahira, 1958: 7, f. 1 (m).
T. s. Yaginuma, 1960: 72, f. 67 (m).
T. s. Chrysanthus, 1963: 727, f. 1-4 (f).
T. s. Lee, 1966: 56, f. 19e-f (m).
T. s. Yaginuma, 1971: 72, f. 67 (m).
T. s. Chrysanthus, 1975: 30, f. 115-116 (m).
T. s. Yoshida, 1978b: 8, f. 7-10 (mf).
T. s. Hu, 1984: 153, f. 157.1-3 (m).
T. s. Yaginuma, 1986a: 129, f. 68.6 (mf).
T. s. Song, 1987: 188, f. 147 (f).
T. s. Davies, 1988b: 288, f. 13 (mf).
T. s. Chikuni, 1989b: 93, f. 10 (mf).
T. s. Feng, 1990: 111, f. 86.1-6 (mf).
T. s. Chen & Gao, 1990: 87, f. 109a-b (mf).
T. s. Chen & Zhang, 1991: 124, f. 118.1-2 (f).
T. s. Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 530, f. 327a-j, 328a-f (mf).
T. s. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 129A-B, E (mf).
mf ventralis (Thorell, 1877)....................India to Taiwan, New Guinea
Meta v. Thorell, 1877b: 423 (Dmf).
Argyroepeira v. Thorell, 1887: 138.
Argyroepeira v. Workman, 1896: 55, pl. 55 (f).
Leucauge v. Pocock, 1904: 800, pl. 66, f. 3.
Anopas v. Archer, 1951a: 7, f. 8-9 (Tmf from Leucauge).
T. v. Chrysanthus, 1975: 31, f. 117-120 (Tmf from Anopas).
T. v. Yoshida, 1978b: 8, f. 1-6 (mf).
Leucauge v. Tikader, 1982a: 85, f. 168-171 (f).
T. v. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 129C-D, F (mf).
mf guoi Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997 *....................China
W. g. Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997: 2, f. 1A-G (Dmf).
W. g. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 129G-H, K-L (mf).
mf wangi Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997....................China
W. w. Zhu, Kim & Song, 1997: 2, fig. 2A-H (Dmf).
W. w. Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 223, f. 129I-J, M-N (mf).
mf perlongipes (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) *....................Israel
Tetragnatha p. O. P.-Cambridge, 1872a: 296 (Dmf).
Z. p. Wunderlich, 1995r: 640, f. 1-10 (Tmf from Tetragnatha).