World Spider Catalog

Linyphiidae Blackwall, 1859

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: for comments on relationships, see Michalik & Hormiga, 2010: 7; re-synonymization of Pimoidae (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: ix) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here; Sinopimoidae Li & Wunderlich, 2008 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0112] synonymyized with Linyphiidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 245; resurrection of Sinopimoidae by Wunderlich, 2020b: 20 is not accepted here, because Dimitrov et al., 2017 was not taken into account; re-elevation of Sinopimoidae to family level by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 343 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards); the current status of Sinopimoidae is also maintained for reasons of stability and we wait for a probable confirmation or rejection of this resurrection; Tian et al., 2022 show five subfamilies: Linyphiinae (incl. Mynogleninae Lehtinen, 1967: 250 and Dubiaraneinae Millidge, 1993c: 145), Erigoninae Emerton, 1882: 7, Micronetinae Hull, 1920a: 8, Ipainae Saaristo, 2007b: 34 and Stemonyphantinae Wunderlich, 1986: 120; da Silva-Moreira, Kulkarni & Hormiga, 2025: 60-62 list resp. newly circumscribe six subfamilies: Erigoninae, Lepthyphantinae Simon, 1929: 562, Linyphiinae (syn. nov.: Dubiaraneinae), Mynogleninae, Pocobletinae Silva-Moreira & Hormiga, 2025: 61 (new subfamily) and Stemonyphantinae, state Ipainae and Micronetinae to be polyphyletic, leave several linyphiid clades unranked and also several genera as incertae sedis.

Gen. Syedra Simon, 1884 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01287

type Microneta gracilis Menge, 1869; gender feminine

N.B.: see note under Centromerus.

In synonymy:

Syedra ophthalmica Simon, 1884 = Syedra gracilis (Menge, 1869) (Jackson, 1912: 123, sub Syedra pholcommoides)

Syedra pholcommoides (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879, T from Neriene) = Syedra gracilis (Menge, 1869) (Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1894: 85)

Syedra rutilalus (Zhu & Tu, 1986, T from Lepthyphantes) = Syedra oii Saito, 1983 (Eskov, 1992b: 166)

Nomen dubium:

Syedra caporiaccoi Kolosváry, 1938e: 74, f. l (f, Bosnia-Hercegovina) -- Breitling et al., 2016b: 62

Syedra apetlonensis Wunderlich, 1992 | | Austria, Slovakia, Serbia, Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012784

Syedra apetlonensis Wunderlich, 1992b: 281, f. 1-7 (Dmf) Original description

Syedra cf. apetlonensis Aakra et al., 2016: 23, f. 19A-B (f) [is presumably S. myrmicarum]

Syedra gracilis (Menge, 1869) | | Europe urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012786 TYPE SPECIES

Microneta gracilis Menge, 1869: 233, pl. 45, f. 132 (Dmf) Original description

Linyphia pholcommoides O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879d: 212 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066168]

Neriene pholcommoides O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881a: 575

Syedra ophthalmica Simon, 1884a: 455, f. 238-239 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066169]

Syedra pholcommoides Simon, 1884a: 456

Syedra gracilis Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1894: 85, pl. 3, f. 29 (mf, S of Neriene pholcommoides)

Syedra ophthalmica Simon, 1894a: 704, f. 763

Syedra pholcommoides Jackson, 1912: 123, pl. 8, f. 1 (mf, S of Syedra gracilis [but used the younger name] and S. ophthalmica)

Syedra gracilis Miller, 1947: 71, pl. IX, f. 4-6 (mf)

Syedra gracilis Locket & Millidge, 1953: 337, f. 203D-F (mf)

Syedra gracilis Wiehle, 1956: 96, f. 160-163 (mf)

Syedra gracilis Merrett, 1965: 468, f. 2A-G (m)

Syedra gracilis Miller, 1971: 243, pl. XLVIII, f. 8-9, pl. LX, f. 28 (mf)

Syedra gracilis Thaler, 1983a: 148, f. 94-97 (mf)

Syedra gracilis Roberts, 1987: 126, f. 63d (mf)

Syedra gracilis Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 252, f. 668 (mf)

Syedra gracilis Wunderlich, 1992b: 281, f. 8-12 (mf)

Syedra gracilis Hu, 2001: 535, f. 357.1-2 (mf)

Syedra gracilis Arnò, 2001: 158, f. 2a-c (f)

Syedra gracilis Saaristo in Marusik & Koponen, 2008a: 11, pl. 4 (m)

Syedra myrmicarum (Kulczyński, 1882) | | Britain, Norway, Netherlands, Central Europe, Italy, Romania, Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012787

Erigone myrmicarum Kulczyński, 1882b: 15, pl. 1, f. 9 (Df) Original description

Syedra myrmicarum Simon, 1884a: 456

Syedra myrmicarum Kratochvíl & Miller, 1938a: 11, f. A-C (Dm)

Syedra myrmicarum Miller, 1947: 71, pl. 9, f. 1-3 (mf)

Syedra myrmicarum Miller, 1971: 243, pl. 48, f. 10 (m)

Syedra myrmicarum Thaler, 1983a: 148, f. 93, 98-101 (mf)

Syedra myrmicarum Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 252, f. 669 (mf)

Syedra myrmicarum Wunderlich, 1992b: 281, f. 13-15 (mf)

Syedra myrmicarum IJland & Boeken, 2025: 1, f. 1-2 (f)

Syedra nigrotibialis Simon, 1884 | | France (Corsica) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012788

Syedra nigrotibialis Simon, 1884a: 454, f. 237 (Df) Original description

Syedra nigrotibialis Müller, 1986: 183, f. 1-6 (f, Dm)

Syedra oii Saito, 1983 | | China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012789

Syedra oii Saito, 1983b: 14, f. 1-4 (Dmf) Original description

Lepthyphantes rutilalus Zhu & Tu, 1986: 100, f. 5-8 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058024]

Syedra oii Eskov, 1992b: 166 (S of Lepthyphantes rutilalus)

Syedra rutilata Song & Li, 1997: 408, f. 11A-D (mf)

Syedra rutilata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 207, f. 117G-I (mf)

Syedra oii Yoo et al., 2004b: 34, f. 1-8 (mf)

Syedra oii Ono, Matsuda & Saito, 2009: 323, f. 985-987 (mf)

Syedra oii Yin et al., 2012: 556, f. 267a-d (mf)

Syedra oii Fu, 2018: 45, f. 5-13.A-C, pl. 11 (f)

Syedra oii Ohchi, 2022a: 174, f. 15-16 (f)

Syedra oii Suzuki et al., 2025: 63, f. 17N-O (f)

Syedra parvula Kritscher, 1996 | | Malta urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012790

Syedra parvula Kritscher, 1996: 131, f. 3 (Df) Original description

Syedra scamba (Locket, 1968) | | Congo urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012791

Centromerus scambus Locket, 1968: 115, f. 38A-D (Dm) Original description

Syedra scamba Eskov & Marusik, 1992c: 34 (T from Centromerus)

Syedra yuelushanensis Irfan, Zhang & Peng, 2025 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063598

Syedra yuelushanensis Irfan, Zhang & Peng in Irfan et al., 2025a: 180, f. 235A-C, 236A-C, 237A-E (Dmf) Original description