World Spider Catalog

Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Hadrotarsidae Thorell, 1881: 190 (sub Hardotarsoidae, removed from the synonymy of Oonopidae by Roewer, 1963a: 122, contra Roewer, 1942a: 287) by Forster, Platnick & Coddington, 1990: 111 (after Wunderlich, 1978a: 25 and Wunderlich, 1986: 95, contra Baert, 1984a: 615 and Davies, 1985: 67), who recognized an expanded Hadrotarsinae as well as a separate subfamily Spintharinae Simon, 1894a: 512 (sub Spinthareae); the subfamily Theonoeinae Simon, 1894a: 586 (sub Theonoeae) (synonym Pholcommatinae Simon, 1894a: 589, sub Pholcommateae), which include Theonoe Simon, 1881, Carniella Thaler & Steinberger, 1988, Robertus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879 and Pholcomma Thorell, 1869, is circumscribed by Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 51; Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 also mention the subfamilies Argyrodinae Simon, 1881a: 14 (sub Argyrodini) and Latrodectinae Petrunkevitch, 1928: 117 (junior synyonym of Dipoeninae Simon, 1894a: 561, sub Dipoeneae).

Gen. Neospintharus Exline, 1950 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03639

type Neospintharus parvus Exline, 1950; gender masculine

N.B.: removed from the synonymy of Argyrodes Simon, 1864 by Agnarsson, 2004: 479, contra Levi & Levi, 1962: 24.

In synonymy:

Neospintharus bifissus (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902, T from Argyrodes) = Neospintharus furcatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894) (Exline & Levi, 1962: 116, sub Argyrodes)

Neospintharus frontatus (Banks, 1908, T from Argyrodes) = Neospintharus furcatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894) (Exline & Levi, 1962: 116, sub Argyrodes)

Neospintharus furcatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898) = Neospintharus furcatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894) (Exline & Levi, 1962: 116, sub Argyrodes)

Neospintharus gansuensis (Zhu, 1998, T from Argyrodes) = Neospintharus fur (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) (Yoshida, 2001d: 184, sub Argyrodes)

Neospintharus montanus (Keyserling, 1884, T from Argyrodes) = Neospintharus obscurus (Keyserling, 1884) (Exline & Levi, 1962: 115, sub Argyrodes)

Neospintharus baboquivari (Exline & Levi, 1962) | | USA, Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006989

Argyrodes baboquivari Exline & Levi, 1962: 119, f. 89-94 (Dmf) Original description

Neospintharus baboquivari Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus baboquivari Jiménez et al., 2018: 7, f. 18-19 (f)

Neospintharus baekamensis Seo, 2010 | | Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043744

Neospintharus baekamensis Seo, 2010a: 172, f. 1-6 (Dmf) Original description

Neospintharus bicornis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880) | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:006993

Argyrodes bicornis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1880b: 334, pl. 29, f. 12 (Dm) Original description

Argyrodes bicornis Exline & Levi, 1962: 125, f. 95-96 (m, removed from S of Argyrodes trigonum, rejecting F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902a: 404)

Neospintharus bicornis Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus cognatus (Blackwall, 1877) | | Seychelles urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007013

Epeira cognata Blackwall, 1877: 17, pl. 2, f. 12 (Dmf) Original description

Argyrodes cognatus Saaristo, 1978: 116, f. 149-156 (mf)

Argyrodes cognatus Roberts, 1978: 926, f. 51-56 (mf)

Argyrodes cognatus Saaristo, 2000: 41, f. 1D, 2D, 6A-D (mf)

Argyrodes cognatus Saaristo, 2010: 247, f. 37.39a-b, 47 (mf)

Neospintharus cognatus Pett, Ferreira & Agnarsson, 2025: 24 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus concisus (Exline & Levi, 1962) | | Mexico urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007016

Argyrodes concisus Exline & Levi, 1962: 120, f. 56-60 (Dmf) Original description

Neospintharus concisus Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (Tmf from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus fur (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) | | China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007048

Argyrodes fur Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 133, pl. 11, f. 226 (Dmf) Original description

Conopistha fur Namkung, Paik & Yoon, 1972: 92, f. 2 (f)

Argyrodes fur Yaginuma, 1986a: 51, f. 28.3 (mf)

Argyrodes fur Chikuni, 1989b: 34, f. 24 (mf)

Argyrodes fur Zhu & Song, 1991: 135, f. 7A-C (f)

Argyrodes fur Zhu, 1998: 200, f. 129A-C (f)

Argyrodes gansuensis Zhu, 1998: 202, f. 131A-C (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007050]

Argyrodes fur Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 100, f. 46C-D (f)

Argyrodes gansuensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 100, f. 46I-J (m)

Argyrodes fur Yoshida, 2001d: 184, f. 25-27 (mf, S of Argyrodes gansuensis)

Argyrodes fur Namkung, 2002: 135, f. 13.52a-b (mf)

Argyrodes fur Kim & Cho, 2002: 301, f. 787-792 (m)

Argyrodes fur Namkung, 2003: 137, f. 13.52a-b (mf)

Argyrodes fur Yoshida, 2003a: 151, f. 407-409, 590 (mf)

Neospintharus fur Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus fur Kim & Kim, 2007: 222, f. 4A-J, 6C-D (mf)

Neospintharus fur Yoshida, 2009b: 386, f. 292-294 (mf)

Argyrodes fur Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 82, f. 44A-F (mf)

Neospintharus fur Vanuytven, 2021: 196, f. B.193d, B.195b (m)

Neospintharus fur Kim, 2021: 83, f. 34A-E, pl. 15 (f)

Neospintharus furcatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894) | | USA to El Salvador, Caribbean urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007049

Ariamnes furcata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894a: 129, pl. 17, f. 10 (Df) Original description

Argyrodes furcata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898a: 258, pl. 38, f. 3 (Df; preoccupied by O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894, see above) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066481]

Rhomphaea furcata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902a: 407, pl. 38, f. 15-15b (f, T from Ariamnes)

Rhomphaea bifissa F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902a: 407, pl. 38, f. 16-16b (Df, new name for Argyrodes furcata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055266]

Argyrodes frontatus Banks, 1908: 208, f. 9 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055267]

Argyrodes furcatus Exline & Levi, 1962: 116, f. 84-88 (mf, S of Argyrodes bifissus, A. frontatus and A. furcatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898)

Neospintharus furcatus Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus kandelensis Tharmarajan & Benjamin, 2022 | | Sri Lanka urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055521

Neospintharus kandelensis Tharmarajan & Benjamin, 2022: 20, f. 8A-B, E-F, I-J, 9A-E, 10A, C-D (Dmf) Original description

Neospintharus matjazkuntneri Agnarsson & Pett, 2025 | | Madagascar urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066480

Neospintharus matjazkuntneri Agnarsson & Pett in Pett, Ferreira & Agnarsson, 2025: 22, f. 16A-F, 17A-D (Dmf) Original description

Neospintharus nipponicus (Kumada, 1990) | | China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007108

Argyrodes nipponicus Kumada, 1990: 2, f. 1-5 (Dmf) Original description

Argyrodes nipponicus Zhu & Song, 1991: 142, f. 14A-C (f)

Argyrodes nipponicus Zhu, 1998: 201, f. 130A-E (mf)

Argyrodes nipponicus Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 100, f. 47C-D, M (mf)

Argyrodes nipponicus Yoshida, 2001d: 184, f. 28-30 (mf)

Argyrodes nipponicus Yoshida, 2003a: 151, f. 410-412 (mf)

Neospintharus nipponicus Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus nipponicus Yoshida, 2009b: 386, f. 295-297 (mf)

Argyrodes nipponicus Yin et al., 2012: 283, f. 101a-c (f)

Neospintharus nipponicus Kim et al., 2015a: 25, f. 1-5 (m)

Neospintharus nipponicus Kim et al., 2015d: 25, f. 1-5 (m)

Neospintharus nipponicus Kim, 2021: 85, f. 35A-K (mf)

Neospintharus obscurus (Keyserling, 1884) | | Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007109

Argyrodes obscurus Keyserling, 1884a: 194, pl. 9, f. 116 (Dm) Original description

Argyrodes montanus Keyserling, 1884a: 193, pl. 9, f. 115 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055268]

Argyrodes obscurus Exline & Levi, 1962: 115, f. 79-83 (mf, S of Argyrodes montanus)

Neospintharus obscurus Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus ohiyiaensis Tharmarajan & Benjamin, 2022 | | Sri Lanka urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055522

Neospintharus ohiyiaensis Tharmarajan & Benjamin, 2022: 24, f. 8C-D, G-H, K-L, 9F-I, 10B, E-F (Dmf) Original description

Neospintharus parvus Exline, 1950 | | Panama to Ecuador urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007116 TYPE SPECIES

Neospintharus parvus Exline, 1950a: 112, f. 2, 4 (Df) Original description

Argyrodes parvus Exline & Levi, 1962: 121, f. 51-55 (f, Dm)

Neospintharus parvus Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus rioensis (Exline & Levi, 1962) | | Brazil, Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007134

Argyrodes rioensis Exline & Levi, 1962: 125, f. 61-65 (Dmf) Original description

Neospintharus rioensis Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus syriacus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) | | Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Lebanon, Israel urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007163

Argyrodes syriaca O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 279, pl. 13, f. 10 (Dmf) Original description

Argyrodes syriaca Levy, 1985a: 103, f. 29-43 (mf)

Argyrodes syriaca Levy, 1998b: 115, f. 208-222 (mf)

Neospintharus syriacus Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus syriacus Kaya, Yagmur & Kunt, 2009: 89, f. 2-13 (mf)

Argyrodes syriaca Le Peru, 2011: 375, 436, f. 662 (mf habitus)

Neospintharus syriacus Vanuytven, 2023: 89, f. 8 (m)

Neospintharus triangularis (Taczanowski, 1873) | | Panama, French Guiana urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007167

Argyrodes triangularis Taczanowski, 1873: 123, pl. 5, f. 14 (Dm) Original description

Argyrodes triangularis Keyserling, 1884a: 200, pl. 9, f. 120 (m)

Argyrodes triangularis Exline & Levi, 1962: 126, f. 97-98 (m)

Neospintharus triangularis Agnarsson, 2004: 479 (T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus trigonum (Hentz, 1850) | | Canada, USA urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007170

Theridion trigonum Hentz, 1850: 280, pl. 9, f. 24-25 (Dmf) Original description

Argyrodes trigonum Emerton, 1882: 23, pl. 5, f. 1 (mf)

Argyrodes argyrodes Keyserling, 1884a: 181, pl. 8, f. 109 (mf; misidentified per F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902a: 404)

Argyrodes trigonum Simon, 1894a: 496, f. 504 (m)

Argyrodes trigonum Emerton, 1902: 124, f. 292-296 (mf)

Argyrodes trigonus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902a: 404, pl. 38, f. 7-8 (mf, S of Argyrodes bicornis [revalidated by Exline & Levi, 1962: 125, see Neospintharus bicornis])

Conopistha trigona Kaston, 1948: 88, f. 73-79 (m, removed from S of Linyphia rufa, rejecting Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944: 38 [sub Conopistha])

Argyrodes trigonum Exline & Levi, 1962: 122, f. 66-78 (mf)

Argyrodes trigonum Breene et al., 1993: 56, f. 21A-C (mf)

Argyrodes trigonum Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 214, f. 2390-2395 (mf)

Neospintharus trigonum Agnarsson, 2004: 479, f. 56A-G, 57A-F (mf, T from Argyrodes)

Neospintharus trigonum Agnarsson, Coddington & Knoflach, 2007: 354, f. 61 (m)