Linyphiidae Blackwall, 1859

Family |   ACCEPTED
N.B.: for comments on relationships, see Michalik & Hormiga, 2010: 7; re-synonymization of Pimoidae (Murphy & Roberts, 2015: ix) not sufficiently justified and is not accepted here; Sinopimoidae Li & Wunderlich, 2008 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0112] synonymyized with Linyphiidae by Dimitrov et al., 2017: 245; resurrection of Sinopimoidae by Wunderlich, 2020b: 20 is not accepted here, because Dimitrov et al., 2017 was not taken into account; re-elevation of Sinopimoidae to family level by Eskov & Marusik, 2023: 343 not accepted here (by majority vote of the WSC boards); the current status of Sinopimoidae is also maintained for reasons of stability and we wait for a probable confirmation or rejection of this resurrection; Tian et al., 2022 show five subfamilies: Linyphiinae (incl. Mynogleninae  Lehtinen, 1967: 250 and Dubiaraneinae Millidge, 1993c: 145), Erigoninae Emerton, 1882: 7, Micronetinae Hull, 1920a: 8, Ipainae Saaristo, 2007b: 34 and Stemonyphantinae Wunderlich, 1986: 120; da Silva-Moreira, Kulkarni & Hormiga, 2025: 60-62 list resp. newly circumscribe six subfamilies: Erigoninae, Lepthyphantinae Simon, 1929: 562, Linyphiinae (syn. nov.: Dubiaraneinae), Mynogleninae, Pocobletinae Silva-Moreira & Hormiga, 2025: 61 (new subfamily) and Stemonyphantinae, state Ipainae and Micronetinae to be polyphyletic, leave several linyphiid clades unranked and also several genera as incertae sedis.

In synonymy:

Auletta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 = Macrargus Dahl, 1886 (Wunderlich, 1974b: 160, proccupied)

Aulettobia Strand, 1929 = Macrargus Dahl, 1886 (Wunderlich, 1974b: 160)

Macrargus Dahl, 1886 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01069

N.B.: considered a synonym of Auletta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882b: 258 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05427] (type A. excavata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 = Macrargus carpenteri (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895)) and of Aulettobia Strand, 1929: 14 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:05428] (replacement name for Auletta, preoccupied in Porifera by Schmidt, 1870) by Wunderlich, 1974b: 160.

Transferred to other genera:

Macrargus adipatus (L. Koch, 1872) -- see Oreonetides

Macrargus alpinus Li & Zhu, 1993 -- see Nippononeta

Macrargus camtschadalicus (Kulczyński, 1885) -- see Perro

Macrargus coreanus Paik, 1991 -- see Nippononeta

Macrargus indistinctus Kulczyński, 1908 -- see Masikia

Macrargus macrochaerus (Thorell, 1875) -- see Oreonetides

Macrargus pacificus Berland, 1924 -- see Laminacauda

Macrargus pusillus Schenkel, 1923 -- see Saaristoa

Macrargus solitarius Dahl, 1928 -- see Erigone

Macrargus strandi (Schenkel, 1934) -- see Scotargus

In synonymy:

Macrargus aequalis (C. L. Koch, 1841, T from Micryphantes) = Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) (Simon, 1884a: 415, sub Tmeticus)

Macrargus discolor (Emerton, 1882) = Macrargus multesimus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) (Banks, 1910: 35, sub Microneta)

Macrargus erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1836) = Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) (Thorell, 1871a: 132, sub Erigone)

Macrargus excavatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882) = Macrargus carpenteri (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895) (Thaler, 1983a: 144)

Macrargus granulosus (L. Koch, 1879, T from Centromerus) = Macrargus multesimus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) (Holm, 1945b: 44)

Macrargus inermis (Menge, 1866, T from Bathyphantes) = Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) (Simon, 1884a: 388, sub Tmeticus)

Macrargus macrochelis (Emerton, 1917, T from Porrhomma) = Macrargus multesimus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) (Buckle et al., 2001: 130)

Macrargus mordax (L. Koch, 1879, T from Linyphia) = Macrargus multesimus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) (Holm, 1945b: 44)

Macrargus ohlerti (Simon, 1884, T from Bathyphantes) = Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) (Becker, 1896: vol. 3: 62, sub Tmeticus rufus)

Macrargus parvipalpis (Wider, 1834, T from Theridion) = Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) (Roewer, 1942a: 532)

Macrargus rabeleri Schenkel, 1936 = Macrargus carpenteri (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895) (Wiehle, 1956: 91, sub M. rufus carpenteri)

Macrargus rubripes (Blackwall, 1836, T from Neriene) = Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) (Thorell, 1871a: 132, sub Erigone)

Macrargus ruficephalus (Ohlert, 1867, T from Micryphantes) = Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) (Thorell, 1871a: 132, sub Erigone)

Macrargus rufus minutus Holm, 1939 = Macrargus carpenteri (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895) (Locket & Millidge, 1953: 363, sub M. rufus carpenteri)

Nomen dubium:

Macrargus australis Berland, 1924b: 428, f. 14-18 (mf, Juan Fernandez Is.) -- Miller, 2007a: 6

Macrargus boreus Holm, 1968 | | Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011484
Macrargus boreus Holm, 1968a: 194, f. 17-19 (Dm) Original description
Macrargus boreus Palmgren, 1975: 19, f. 4.5-6 (mf)
Macrargus boreus Gnelitsa & Koponen, 2010: 226, f. 1e-f, 2e-f, 3e-f, 4g-i (mf)
Macrargus carpenteri (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895) | | Europe urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011485
Auletta excavata O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882b: 258, pl. 13, f. 1 (Df; nomen oblitum) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011486]
Tmeticus carpenteri O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1895b: 108, f. 2a-d, f-g (Dm; f f. 2e see Leptothrix hardyi) Original description
Centromerus carpenteri Reimoser, 1919: 79
Aulettobia excavata Strand, 1929: 14 (generic replacement name)
Macrargus rabeleri Schenkel, 1936a: 323, f. 6 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011489]
Macrargus rufus minutus Holm, 1939b: 19, f. 9a, c (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011470]
Macrargus rufus carpenteri Locket & Millidge, 1953: 363, f. 217B-D (mf, S of Macrargus rufus minutus)
Macrargus rufus carpenteri Wiehle, 1956: 90, f. 148-151 (mf, S of Macrargus rabeleri)
Macrargus carpenteri Locket, 1964: 275 (elevated to species)
Macrargus carpenteri Miller, 1971: 250, pl. L, f. 15-16 (mf)
Macrargus carpenteri Locket, Millidge & Merrett, 1974: 115, f. 73C (m)
Macrargus excavatus Wunderlich, 1974b: 159 (S of Macrargus carpenteri; see also Thaler, 1983a: 143)
Macrargus carpenteri Palmgren, 1975: 19, f. 4.1-2 (mf)
Macrargus carpenteri Pichka, 1983: 4, f. 5.102 (mf)
Macrargus carpenteri Thaler, 1983a: 143, f. 68 (m; accepted the younger name as valid)
Macrargus carpenteri Roberts, 1987: 136, f. 69b, d (mf)
Macrargus carpenteri Tanasevitch, 1990: 86, f. 13.28, 14.13-14 (mf)
Macrargus carpenteri Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 204, f. 552 (mf)
Macrargus multesimus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) | | North America, Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Mongolia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011487
Erigone multesima O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875c: 402, pl. 46, f. 9 (Df) Original description
Linyphia mordax L. Koch, 1879c: 13, pl. 1, f. 3 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037372]
Erigone granulosa L. Koch, 1879c: 43, pl. 2, f. 1 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037371]
Microneta discolor Emerton, 1882: 75, pl. 24, f. 1 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062896]
Tmeticus granulosus Simon, 1884a: 420
Tmeticus granulosus Grese, 1909: 327, pl. 7, f. 5 (m)
Microneta multesimus Banks, 1910: 35 (S of Microneta discolor)
Gongylidium macrochelis Emerton, 1917: 263, f. 15 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:012414]
Centromerus granulosus Reimoser, 1919: 80
Microneta multesima Crosby & Bishop, 1928b: 1049
Macrargus multesimus Holm, 1945b: 44 (T from Microneta, S of Centromerus granulosus and Linyphia mordax)
Porrhomma macrochelis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 61 (T from Gongylidium)
Macrargus multesimus Kaston, 1948: 133, f. 322-324 (mf)
Macrargus multesimus Kleemola, 1961: 133, f. 9a-b (f)
Macrargus multesimus Hauge, 1969: 3, f. 6-9 (mf)
Macrargus multesimus Palmgren, 1975: 19, f. 4.3-4 (mf)
Macrargus multesimus Pakhorukov & Utochkin, 1977b: 910, f. 19-20 (f)
Macrargus multesimus Pakhorukov, 1981: 79, f. 23-24 (m)
Macrargus multesimus Li, Song & Zhu, 1994: 81, f. 39-40 (f)
Macrargus multesimus Tao, Li & Zhu, 1995: 250, f. 151-154 (f)
Macrargus multesimus Wunderlich, 1995e: 489, f. 40-41 (f)
Macrargus multesimus Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 186, f. 104H-I (f)
Macrargus multesimus Buckle et al., 2001: 130 (S of Porrhomma macrochelis)
Macrargus multesimus Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 142, f. 1571-1573 (mf)
Macrargus multesimus Gnelitsa & Koponen, 2010: 222, f. 1a-b, 2a-b, 3a-b, 4a-c (mf)
Macrargus multesimus Růžička, 2018: 66 (S of Porrhomma macrochelis confirmed)
Macrargus multesimus Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 66, f. 42A-G (mf)
Macrargus rufus (Wider, 1834) | | Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011490 TYPE SPECIES
Theridion rufum Wider, 1834: 218, pl. 15, f. 3 (Dmf) Original description
Theridion parvipalpe Wider, 1834: 221, pl. 15, f. 6 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062939]
Neriene rubripes Blackwall, 1836: 485 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062937]
Micryphantes erythrocephalus C. L. Koch, 1836a: 85, pl. 110, f. 234 [not 233] (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062938]
Argus parvipalpus Walckenaer, 1841: 349
Theridion erythrocephalus Walckenaer, 1841: 505
Micryphantes erythrocephalus C. L. Koch, 1841a: 98, f. 667-668 (f, Dm)
Micryphantes aequalis C. L. Koch, 1841a: 101, f. 669-670 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062942]
Erigone erythrocephala Westring, 1861: 271
Neriene rubripes Blackwall, 1864a: 287, pl. 19, f. 201 (mf)
Bathyphantes inermis (pallescens) Menge, 1866: 120, pl. 22, f. 45 (Dmf; p. 120 sub B. pallescens, f. 45 sub B. inermis; at f. 45 is mentioned that pallescens [which is preoccupied by a synonym of Helophora insignis] is wrong, i.e. he intended to use the name inermis) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062940]
Bathyphantes brevipalpus Menge, 1866: 122, pl. 22, f. 47B, G-H (f; misidentified per Simon, 1884a: 388, m see Centromerus brevipalpus)
Micryphantes laminatus Ohlert, 1867: 75 (f; misidentified per Simon, 1884a: 351)
Micryphantes ruficephalus Ohlert, 1867: 79 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062941]
Erigone rufa Thorell, 1871a: 132 (S of Erigone erythrocephala, Micryphantes ruficephalus and Neriene rubripes)
Bathyphantes inermis (pallescens) Lebert, 1877: 160 (used name from legend of Menge, 1866: pl. 22, f. 45)
Neriene rufa O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879d: 123
Bathyphantes (?) ohlerti Simon, 1884a: 351 (new name for Micryphantes laminatus sensu Ohlert) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:009584]
Tmeticus rufus Simon, 1884a: 388, 415, f. 163-166 (mf; Sm of Bathyphantes pallescens Menge = inermis [not f, but no reference found where it could belong] and of Micryphantes aequalis)
Macrargus rufus Dahl, 1886: 76 (T from Tmeticus)
Macrargus rufus Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1894: 78, pl. 3, f. 18 (mf)
Tmeticus rufus Becker, 1896: vol. 3: 62, pl. 8, f. 4 (mf, S of Micryphantes laminatus sensu Ohlert = Bathyphantes ohlerti)
Tmeticus rufus Smith, 1901b: 138, p. 76: f. u-v (mf)
Macrargus rufus Bösenberg, 1902: 190, pl. 17, f. 262 (mf)
Macrargus rufus Holm, 1939b: 20, f. 9b (m)
Macrargus rufus Roewer, 1942a: 532 (S of Theridion parvipalpe; no other reference found for this S)
Macrargus rufus Locket & Millidge, 1953: 363, f. 217A, E-F (mf)
Macrargus rufus Wiehle, 1956: 88, f. 144-147 (mf)
Macrargus rufus Merrett, 1963b: 371, f. 27A-F (m)
Macrargus rufus Miller, 1971: 250, pl. L, f. 13-14 (mf)
Macrargus rufus Palmgren, 1975: 17, f. 3.20-24 (mf)
Macrargus rufus Millidge, 1977: 45, f. 177 (m)
Macrargus rufus Pichka, 1983: 5, f. 4 (m)
Macrargus rufus Millidge, 1984b: 248, f. 89 (f)
Macrargus rufus Roberts, 1987: 136, f. 69a, c (mf)
Macrargus rufus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 204, f. 551 (mf)
Macrargus rufus Saaristo in Marusik & Koponen, 2008a: 8, pl. 1 (m)
Macrargus rufus Dupérré, 2013: 7, f. 52 (m)
Macrargus sumyensis Gnelitsa & Koponen, 2010 | | Ukraine, Belarus urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043756
Macrargus sumyensis Gnelitsa & Koponen, 2010: 224, f. 1c-d, 2c-d, 3c-d, 4d-f (Dmf) Original description

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