World Spider Catalog

Tetragnathidae Simon, 1864

Family | ACCEPTED

N.B.: the authorship of the family is corrected from Menge, 1866: 90 to Simon, 1864: 244 (sub Tetragnathiens) following the arguing by Marusik & Özkütük, 2026: 276, the French ending -iens was not accepted as taxon at familiar level by Bonnet, Platnick and in the WSC until 2026; considered a senior synonym of Metidae Simon, 1894a: 726 (sub Meteae) by Heimer & Nentwig, 1982: 292 and Levi, 1986a: 93 (although not by Wunderlich, 1986: 115); Metidae/Metinae is preoccupied in the Copepoda and emened to Metainae by ICZN, 2013 (Opinion 2326) following the proposal of Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011b; Diphyini is preoccupied in the Hydrozoa and emened to Diphyaini by ICZN, 2021 (Opinion 3774) following the proposal of Marusik, 2018d; see also the notes at the Araneidae, Nephilidae and Phonognathidae; includes taxa placed by Forster & Forster, 1999: 166 in the "Nanometidae" (see Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 802); also Leucauginae Caporiacco, 1955: 318 and Pachygnathidae Menge, 1866: 94 are included; Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 list five subfamilies as valid: Diphyainae Simon, 1894a: 742 (sub Diphyeae), Leucauginae Caporiacco, 1955: 318, Metainae, Nanometinae Forster & Forster, 1999: 166 and Tetragnathinae.

In synonymy:

Cardimia Mello-Leitão, 1940 = Diphya Nicolet, 1849 (Ott, Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023: 2)

Gen. Diphya Nicolet, 1849 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01371

type Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849; gender feminine

N.B.: considered a senior synonym of Cardimia Mello-Leitão, 1940a: 61 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:01451] (in Araneidae, type C. eximia Mello-Leitão, 1940) by Ott, Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023: 2 (contra Levi, 2002: 562, who synonymized it with Azilia Keyserling, 1881); type genus of the subfamily Diphyainae Simon, 1894a: 742 (sub Diphyeae).

Transferred to other genera:

Diphya pumila Simon, 1889 -- see Malagadiphya

In synonymy:

Diphya bilineata Tullgren, 1901 = Diphya limbata Simon, 1896 (Simon, 1902h: 26)

Diphya brevipes Nicolet, 1849 = Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849 (Petrunkevitch, 1911: 336)

Diphya capensis Simon, 1894 = Diphya simoni Kauri, 1950 (Marusik, 2017b: 135, sub Diphya tanikawai)

Diphya crassipes Nicolet, 1849 = Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849 (Petrunkevitch, 1911: 336)

Diphya eximia (Mello-Leitão, 1940, T from Azilia) = Diphya bicolor Vellard, 1926 (Ott, Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023: 2)

Diphya longipes Nicolet, 1849 = Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849 (Petrunkevitch, 1911: 336)

Diphya ornata (Mello-Leitão, 1935, T from Oarces) = Diphya bicolor Vellard, 1926 (Ott, Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023: 2)

Diphya pallida Tullgren, 1902 = Diphya limbata Simon, 1896 (Tanikawa, 1995b: 107)

Diphya tanikawai Marusik, 2017 = Diphya simoni Kauri, 1950 (Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020: 266)

Diphya albula (Paik, 1983) | | Korea urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:011464

Lophomma albulum Paik, 1983a: 31, f. 15-23 (Dm) Original description

Lophomma albulum Eskov, 1992b: 167 (probably an araneid)

Lophomma albulum Namkung, 2002: 199, f. 17.51a-b (m, Df)

Lophomma albulum Namkung, 2003: 201, f. 17.51a-b (mf)

Lophomma albulum Seo, 2005b: 49, f. 1-2 (f)

Diphya albulum Marusik, Gnelitsa & Koponen, 2007: 161 (T from Lophomma)

Diphya albula Kim & Lee, 2013: 36, f. 21A-B (m)

Diphya bicolor Vellard, 1926 | | Brazil urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013597

Diphya bicolor Vellard, 1926: 328, f. 1 (Dm) Original description

Oarces ornatus Mello-Leitão, 1935b: 325, f. 4, text-f. 3 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:005793]

Cardimia eximia Mello-Leitão, 1940a: 61, f. 7a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:015485]

Azilia eximia Levi, 2002: 562 (T from Cardimia)

Diphya bicolor Ott, Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023: 2, f. 1-38 (mf, S of Azilia eximia and Oarces ornatus)

Diphya foordi Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052702

Diphya foordi Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020: 261, f. 1H-I, 2B-C, 3B, I, 4E, G, 5C, 6B, 7B, E, 8A, 11B, 13E-G (Dmf) Original description

Diphya foordi Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2023a: 6, f. 1-7 (mf)

Diphya guiyang J. S. Zhang & Yu, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:056049

Diphya guiyang J. S. Zhang & Yu, in Zhang et al., 2022e: 135, f. 1A-D, 2A-E, 3-G, 4A-F (Dmf) Original description

Diphya leroyorum Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052703

Diphya leroyorum Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020: 264, f. 1C, 2F-G, 3G, 6C, 7F-G, 8D (Dm) Original description

Diphya leroyorum Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2023a: 7, f. 1-3 (m)

Diphya limbata Simon, 1896 | | Chile, Argentina urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013598

Diphya limbata Simon, 1896c: 144 (Df) Original description

Diphya bilineata Tullgren, 1901b: 216, pl. 17, f. 3 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051571]

Diphya pallida Tullgren, 1902: 29, pl. 3, f. 2, 2c (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:056048]

Diphya limbata Simon, 1902h: 26 (S od Diphya bilineata)

Diphya spinifera Wunderlich, 1986: 219, f. 230-231 (m; misidentified per Tanikawa, 1995b: 107)

Diphya limbata Tanikawa, 1995b: 107, f. 20-21, 23-24 (mf, S of Diphya pallida)

Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849 | | Chile urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013599 TYPE SPECIES

Diphya macrophthalma Nicolet, 1849: 406 (Df) Original description

Diphya crassipes Nicolet, 1849: 406 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051572]

Diphya brevipes Nicolet, 1849: 407 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051573]

Diphya longipes Nicolet, 1849: 407 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051574]

Thomisa macrophthalma Simon, 1864: 434

Diphya macrophthalma Simon, 1889a: 217

Diphya macrophthalma Simon, 1894a: 714

Diphya macrophthalma Petrunkevitch, 1911: 336 (S of Diphya brevipes, D. crassipes and D. longipes)

Diphya macrophthalma Tanikawa, 1995b: 106, f. 17 (f, S of Diphya rugosa [revalidated by Marusik & Omelko, 2017e: 6])

Diphya macrophthalma Marusik & Omelko, 2017c: 203, f. 9-11, 32-33, 47 (f)

Diphya macrophthalma Marusik & Omelko, 2017e: 2, f. 1-30, 33-35 (mf)

Diphya muchik Silva-Dávila & Mendieta-Yañez, 2025 | | Peru urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066387

Diphya muchik Silva-Dávila & Mendieta-Yañez, 2025: 2, f. 1A-D, 2A-F, 3A-C, 4A-D, 5A-F (Dmf) Original description

Diphya napo Ott, Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023 | | Ecuador urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:058176

Diphya napo Ott, Rodrigues & Brescovit, 2023: 9, f. 39-57 (Dmf) Original description

Diphya okumae Tanikawa, 1995 | | China, Korea, Japan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013600

Diphya okumae Tanikawa, 1995b: 102, f. 1-13 (Dmf) Original description

Diphya okumae Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 56, f. 22A-I (mf)

Diphya okumae Namkung, 2003: 239, f. 18.23a-b (f)

Diphya okumae Tanikawa, 2007c: 96, f. 316-317, 768-771 (mf)

Diphya okumae Kim, Kim & Lee, 2008: 44, f. 35, 35.1 (f)

Diphya okumae Tanikawa, 2009: 406, f. 7-8 (mf)

Diphya okumae Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 155, f. 103A-I (mf)

Diphya okumae Kim & Lee, 2013: 37, f. 22A-B (f)

Diphya qianica Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038576

Diphya qianica Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 57, f. 23A-C (Df) Original description

Diphya quadriprocessus Hu, Wei & Liu, 2025 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066525

Diphya quadriprocessus Hu, Wei & Liu, 2025: 123, f. 1A-D, 2A-C, 3A-F, 4A-F (Dmf) Original description

Diphya rugosa Tullgren, 1902 | | Chile urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051575

Diphya rugosa Tullgren, 1902: 31, pl. 3, f. 3 (Df) Original description

Diphya macrophthalma Tanikawa, 1995b: 106, f. 18 (f; misidentified per Marusik & Omelko, 2017e: 6)

Diphya rugosa Marusik & Omelko, 2017e: 6, f. 31-32 (f, removed from S of Diphya macrophthalma, rejecting Tanikawa, 1995b: 106)

Diphya simoni Kauri, 1950 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013602

Diphya capensis Simon, 1894a: 744 (nomen nudum) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049420]

Diphya simoni Kauri, 1950: 71, f. 6 (Df) Original description

Diphya capensis Bonnet, 1956: 1477 (nomen nudum)

Diphya tanikawai Marusik, 2017b: 135, f. 1-6, 13-18 (Df, S of the nomen nudum Diphya capensis) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049419]

Diphya simoni Marusik, 2017b: 127, f. 7-9, 19 (f)

Diphya simoni Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020: 266, f. 1D-F, 2D-E, 3C, E-F, 4A-B, F, H-I, 5A-B, E, G-I, 6D, 7C, H, 8C, 9A-B, D-E, 10F-K, 11A, 12A-P, 13D, K-L (Dm, f, S of Diphya tanikawai)

Diphya simoni Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020t: 6, 4 f. (f)

Diphya tanikawai Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2020t: 7, 2 f. (f)

Diphya simoni Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2023a: 8, p. 4: 2 f., p. 5: 1-4, p. 8: 1-8 (mf)

Diphya songi Wu & Yang, 2010 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043504

Diphya songi Wu & Yang, 2010: 594, f. 1-10 (Dmf) Original description

Diphya spinifera Tullgren, 1902 | | Chile urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013603

Diphya spinifera Tullgren, 1902: 26, pl. 2, f. 4, pl. 3, f. 1 (Dmf) Original description

Diphya spinifera Tanikawa, 1995b: 110, f. 22, 25-26 (mf)

Diphya spinifera Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 756, f. 26A-G, 27A-G, 28A-F, 29A-G, 30A-C (mf; possibly misidentified per Marusik & Omelko, 2017e: 7)

Diphya taiwanica Tanikawa, 1995 | | Taiwan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:013604

Diphya taiwanica Tanikawa, 1995b: 105, f. 14-16 (Df) Original description

Diphya taiwanica Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 213, f. 119N (f)

Diphya taiwanica Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003: 58, f. 24A-C (f)

Diphya tanasevitchi (F. Zhang, Y. X. Zhang & Yu, 2003) | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:040907

Lophomma tanasevitchi Zhang, Zhang & Yu, 2003: 407, f. 1A-C (Dm) Original description

Diphya tanasevitchi Marusik, Gnelitsa & Koponen, 2007: 163 (T from Lophomma)

Diphya tanasevitchi Yu, Zhang & Omelko, 2014: 33, f. 14-25 (m, Df)

Diphya vanderwaltae Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052704

Diphya vanderwaltae Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020: 270, f. 3H, 4C, 5F, 11C, 13A-C (Df) Original description

Diphya vanderwaltae Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2023a: 9, 1-3 (f)

Diphya weimiani J. S. Zhang & Yu, 2022 | | China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:056050

Diphya weimiani J. S. Zhang & Yu, in Zhang et al., 2022e: 141, f. 5A-F, 6A-C (Df) Original description

Diphya wesolowskae Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020 | | South Africa urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052705

Diphya wesolowskae Omelko, Marusik & Lyle, 2020: 273, f. 1A-B, 2A,H, 3A-D, 4D, 5D, 6A, 7A, D, 8B, 9C, F-H, 10A-E, 11D, 13H-J (Dmf) Original description

Diphya wesolowskae Dippenaar-Schoeman et al., 2023a: 10, f. 1-5 (mf)

Diphya wulingensis Yu, Zhang & Omelko, 2014 | | China, Russia (Far East) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:047198

Diphya sp. Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 235, f. 34.6-9 (mf)

Diphya wulingensis Yu, Zhang & Omelko, 2014: 31, f. 1-13 (Dmf) Original description

Diphya wulingensis Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2017: 143, f. 1-23 (mf)

Diphya wulingensis Zhan et al., 2019: 5, f. 1A-D, 4A-E (f)