World Spider Catalog

Gnaphosidae Banks, 1892

Family | ACCEPTED

Gen. Civizelotes Senglet, 2012 urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04115

type Prosthesima civica Simon, 1878; gender masculine

N.B.: regarded as subgenus of Zelotes Gistel, 1848 by Wunderlich, 2023: 62.

In synonymy:

Civizelotes allionicus (Herman, 1879, T from Prosthesima) = Civizelotes caucasius (L. Koch, 1866) (Simon, 1914: 218, sub Zelotes)

Civizelotes bitolensis (Drensky, 1929) = Civizelotes gracilis (Canestrini, 1868) (Deltshev & Blagoev, 2001: 110, sub Zelotes)

Civizelotes fortuitus (Simon, 1878, T from Prosthesima) = Civizelotes civicus (Simon, 1878) (Simon, 1914: 217, sub Zelotes)

Civizelotes latapophysis (Wunderlich, 2024) = Civizelotes ibericus Senglet, 2012 (Wunderlich, 2025: 17)

Civizelotes tarsalis (Simon, 1878, T from Prosthesima) = Civizelotes caucasius (L. Koch, 1866) (Simon, 1914: 218, sub Zelotes)

Civizelotes aituar Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020 | | Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051775

Civizelotes aituar Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020: 104, f. 1-2 (Dm) Original description

Civizelotes aituar Ponomarev & Shmatko, 2020b: 304, f. 19-20 (m)

Civizelotes akmon Chatzaki, 2021 | | Greece urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053599

Civizelotes akmon Chatzaki, 2021: 376, f. 2A-D, 3A-B (Dm) Original description

Civizelotes caucasius (L. Koch, 1866) | | Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Iran, Central Asia, China urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028155

Melanophora caucasia L. Koch, 1866: 144, pl. 6, f. 87 (Df) Original description

Melanophora caucasia O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 247, pl. 16, f. 27 (Dm, f)

Prosthesima callida Simon, 1878a: 91, pl. 14, f. 24 (f; misidentified per Senglet, 2004: 116)

Prosthesima tarsalis Simon, 1878a: 92, pl. 14, f. 25 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066093]

Prosthesima allionica Herman, 1879: 185, 360, pl. 7, f. 164 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066094]

Prosthesima caucasia Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 204, pl. 8, f. 1, 21 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Simon, 1914: 158, 172, 218, f. 299-300, 355 (mf, S of Prosthesima allionica and P. tarsalis)

Zelotes callidus Simon, 1914: 172, f. 354 (f; misidentified per Senglet, 2004: 116)

Prosthesima caucasia Spassky, 1925: 36, f. 56 (f)

Zelotes caucasius Machado, 1949: 11, f. 8 (f)

Zelotes caucasius Jézéquel, 1962b: 603, f. 23 (f)

Zelotes callidus Jézéquel, 1962b: 604, f. 29 (f; misidentified per Senglet, 2004: 116)

Zelotes caucasius Miller, 1967: 270, pl. IV, f. 9-11, pl. VII, f. 4 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Fuhn & Oltean, 1969: 168, pl. I, f. 5 (f)

Zelotes caucasius Tystshenko, 1971: 97, f. 198, 212 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Miller, 1971: 86, pl. VII, f. 24-25 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Grimm, 1985: 281, f. 231, 234-235 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 440, f. 1159 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Noflatscher, 1993: 282, f. 14 (f)

Zelotes caucasius Mcheidze, 1997: 116, f. 161-163 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Levy, 1998c: 137, f. 92-96 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas, 2003: 58, f. 44-45, 48-49 (mf)

Zelotes caucasius Senglet, 2004: 116, f. 26-31, 95-96 (mf)

Civizelotes caucasius Senglet, 2012: 520, f. 67-68 (m, T from Zelotes)

Civizelotes caucasius Lecigne, 2016a: 110, f. 6A-C (m)

Civizelotes caucasius Lan & Zhang, 2017: 66, f. A-L (mf)

Civizelotes civicus (Simon, 1878) | | Madeira, Morocco, Western Europe, Switzerland, Italy urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028161 TYPE SPECIES

Prosthesima civica Simon, 1878a: 80, pl. 14, f. 20 (Dmf) Original description

Prosthesima fortuita Simon, 1878a: 81 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:066092]

Prosthesima fortuita Lessert, 1904: 290, pl. 5, f. 4 (f)

Prosthesima fortuita Lessert, 1910b: 68, f. 58 (mf)

Zelotes civicus Simon, 1914: 158, 170, 217, f. 301-303, 347 (mf, S of Prosthesima fortuita)

Zelotes civicus Machado, 1949: 13, f. 9

Zelotes civicus Jézéquel, 1962a: 529, f. 13 (f)

Zelotes civicus Braun, 1963b: 119, f. 13 (f)

Zelotes civicus Grimm, 1985: 195, f. 249, 260-261 (mf)

Zelotes civicus Pérez-Pérez, 1985: 66, f. 5-7 (f)

Zelotes civicus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 442, f. 1164 (mf)

Civizelotes civicus Senglet, 2012: 512, f. 35-39 (mf, T from Zelotes)

Civizelotes civicus Prince, 2022: 1, f. 1 (m)

Civizelotes dentatidens (Simon, 1914) | | Portugal, Spain, France, Italy urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028179

Zelotes dentatidens Simon, 1914: 156, 217, f. 293 (Dm) Original description

Zelotes medianus Denis, 1936: 118, f. 3 (m; misidentified per Senglet, 2012: 516)

Zelotes dentatidens Soyer, 1967: 275, f. 1-4 (m)

Zelotes dentatidens Cárdenas & Barrientos, 2011: 109, f. 11-13 (m)

Civizelotes dentatidens Senglet, 2012: 516, f. 50-57 (m, Df, T from Zelotes)

Zelotes dentatidens Pantini, Sassu & Serra, 2013: 70, f. 12-13 (mf)

Zelotes dentatidens Lecigne, 2014: 25, f. 18A-D (f)

Civizelotes gracilis (Canestrini, 1868) | | Central and South-Eastern Europe, Caucasus (Russia, Georgia), Turkey urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028224

Melanophora gracilis Canestrini & Pavesi, 1868: 850 (m)

Melanophora gracilis Canestrini, 1868c: 194 (D) Original description

Prosthesima gracilis Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1897: 204, pl. 7, f. 40 (mf)

Prosthesima bitolensis Drensky, 1929: 7, 60, pl. 1, f. 1-2 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028140]

Prosthesima bitolensis Drensky, 1935: 109, f. 7 (Dm)

Zelotes gracilis Miller, 1967: 269, pl. IV, f. 1-4, pl. VII, f. 7 (mf)

Zelotes gracilis Niculescu-Burlacu, 1968: 90, f. 3 (f)

Zelotes gracilis Tystshenko, 1971: 97, f. 197, 218 (mf)

Zelotes gracilis Miller, 1971: 86, pl. VII, f. 21, pl. IX, f. 1 (mf)

Zelotes gracilis Weiss & Sarbu, 1977: 238, f. 4.8 (m)

Zelotes gracilis Grimm, 1985: 283, f. 233, 238-239 (mf)

Zelotes gracilis Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 440, f. 1161 (mf)

Zelotes gracilis Deltshev & Blagoev, 2001: 110 (S of Prosthesima bitolensis)

Zelotes gracilis Deltshev, 2003: 142, f. 23-24 (f)

Civizelotes gracilis Senglet, 2012: 516 (T from Zelotes)

Civizelotes ibericus Senglet, 2012 | | Portugal, Spain, France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046162

Civizelotes ibericus Senglet, 2012: 518, f. 58-66 (Dmf) Original description

Civizelotes ibericus Oger & Van Keer, 2017: 18, f. 1-5 (mf)

Zelotes (Civizelotes) latapophysis Wunderlich, 2024b: 30, f. 70-72 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:062546]

Civizelotes ibericus Wunderlich, 2025: 17 (S of Civizelotes latapophysis)

Civizelotes medianoides Senglet, 2012 | | Spain urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:046161

Civizelotes medianoides Senglet, 2012: 514, f. 40-49 (Dmf) Original description

Civizelotes medianus (Denis, 1936) | | Spain, Andorra, France urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028298

Zelotes medianus Denis, 1936: 118, f. 4-5 (Dm; f f. 3 see Civizelotes dentatidens) Original description

Zelotes medianus Jézéquel, 1962b: 606, f. 31 (Df)

Zelotes medianus Soyer, 1967: 275, f. 5-7 (f)

Civizelotes medianus Senglet, 2012: 509, f. 22-34 (mf, T from Zelotes)

Civizelotes medianus Canard & Cruveillier, 2016: 43 (year corrected from 1935 to 1936)

Civizelotes medianus Gaymard & Lecigne, 2018: 12, f. 8C-E (f)

Civizelotes pygmaeus (Miller, 1943) | | Europe to Kazakhstan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028357

Zelotes pygmaeus Miller, 1943: 16, pl. I, f. 7-12 (Dmf) Original description

Zelotes pygmaeus Niculescu-Burlacu, 1968: 90, f. 2 (m)

Zelotes pygmaeus Miller, 1947: 58, pl. III, f. 3-8 (mf)

Zelotes pygmaeus Miller, 1971: 86, pl. VII, f. 20, pl. IX, f. 2 (mf)

Zelotes pygmaeus Miller, 1967: 269, pl. IV, f. 5-8, pl. VII, f. 8 (mf)

Zelotes pygmaeus Grimm, 1985: 284, f. 232, 236-237 (mf)

Zelotes gracilis Thaler & Noflatscher, 1990: 176, f. 35-36 (m; misidentified per Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020: 106 and C hatzaki, 2021: 378)

Zelotes pygmaeus Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 440, f. 1160 (mf)

Zelotes pygmaeus Esyunin & Efimik, 1995: 84, f. 21 (f)

Zelotes pygmaeus Eskov & Marusik, 1995: 77, f. 52 (f)

Civizelotes pygmaeus Senglet, 2012: 516 (T from Zelotes)

Civizelotes pygmaeus Esyunin & Tuneva, 2020: 106, f. 3-5 (m)

Civizelotes pygmaeus Naumova, Blagoev & Deltshev, 2021: 232, 2A-D (mf)

Civizelotes pygmaeus Ponomarev, Shapovalov & Shmatko, 2025: 203, f. 2.1-2 (mf)

Civizelotes sengleti (Wunderlich, 2022) | | Spain (Balearic Is.) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:053745

Zelotes (Civizelotes) sengleti Wunderlich, 2022: 44, f. 94-98 (Dm) Original description

Civizelotes solstitialis (Levy, 1998) | | Italy (Sardinia), Bulgaria, Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Israel, Azerbaĳan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:028397

Zelotes solstitialis Levy, 1998c: 139, f. 97-101 (Dmf) Original description

Zelotes solstitialis Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas, 2003: 60, f. 46-47, 50-51 (mf)

Zelotes solstitialis Deltshev, Lazarov & Blagoev, 2004: 194, f. 12-14 (mf)

Zelotes solstitialis Seyyar, Demir & Topçu, 2006: 50, f. 2A-B (m)

Civizelotes solstitialis Senglet, 2012: 521 (T from Zelotes)

Civizelotes solstitialis Caria et al., 2021: 322, f. 3 (f)

Civizelotes solstitialis Zamani et al., 2025c: 133, f. 2C (f)

Civizelotes tibichaetoforus Tuneva & Kuzmin, 2016 | | Russia (Europe) urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:048963

Civizelotes tibichaetoforus Tuneva & Kuzmin, 2016: 399, f. 1-7 (Dm) Original description