Taxon details
Gasteracantha cancriformis (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Rank: Species (Genus type)
- Status: accepted
-
Described:
- Last updated: 2022-08-29
- LSID: [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016007]
- Distribution: North America, Central America, Caribbean, South America. Introduced to Hawaii
- External Resources *:
- Holotype: Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main (SMF), Germany (data base search of type material, 11.01.2019); Gasteracantha mascula Strand, 1916, 1 m (3760-118)
- Holotype: Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZMB), Germany (database export of type material, March 2019); Gasteracantha picea C. L. Koch, 1845, (25989)
- Holotype: Zoological Museum of the Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale) (ZMUH), Germany (search of type material, 24.05.2019); f, type material of Gasteracantha columbiae Giebel, 1863 probably lost
- Holotype: ; Aranea hexacantha Fabricius, 1787 - type material probably lost or destroyed (Zimsen, 1964)
- Syntype: Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main (SMF), Germany (data base search of type material, 11.01.2019); Gasteracantha kochi joinvillensis Strand, 1916, 2 f (3753-118)
- Syntype: Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZMB), Germany (database export of type material, March 2019); Gasteracantha mammosa C. L. Koch, 1845, (1256)
- Syntype: Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZMB), Germany (database export of type material, March 2019); Gasteracantha rubiginosa C. L. Koch, 1844, (1257)
- Syntype: Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ), Brazil (database excerpt, August 2019); Gasteracantha comstocki Mello-Leitão, 1917, (00196, 00200); 2 f (probably destroyed by the fire 2018)
Aranea tetracantha Linnaeus, 1767: 1037 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057031].
Aranea conchata Slabber, 1769: 3 (D).
Aranea tetracantha Pallas, 1772: 49, pl. 3, f. 16-17 (f).
Aranea hexacantha Fabricius, 1787: 344 (Df).
Epeira lata Walckenaer, 1805: 66.
Epeira servillei Guérin, 1825: 263 (Df).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Sundevall, 1833b: 14.
Acrosoma hexacantha Hahn, 1834: 17, f. 106 (f, misidentified).
Gasteracantha cancriformis C. L. Koch, 1837a: 21, f. 263 (f).
Gasteracantha hexacantha C. L. Koch, 1837a: 31, f. 268 (f, misidentified).
Gasteracantha velitaris C. L. Koch, 1837a: 33, f. 269 (Df).
Plectana cancriformis Walckenaer, 1841: 151.
Plectana velitaris Walckenaer, 1841: 152.
Plectana hexacantha Walckenaer, 1841: 152.
Plectana elipsoides Walckenaer, 1841: 155 (Df).
Plectana quinqueserrata Walckenaer, 1841: 157 (Df).
Plectana sexserrata Walckenaer, 1841: 157 (Df).
Plectana triserrata Walckenaer, 1841: 158 (Df).
Plectana servillei Walckenaer, 1841: 159.
Plectana lata Walckenaer, 1841: 165 (Df).
Plectana atlantica Walckenaer, 1841: 167 (Df).
Gasteracantha rubiginosa C. L. Koch, 1844: 55, f. 878 (Df).
Gasteracantha picea C. L. Koch, 1844: 61, f. 882 (Df).
Gasteracantha mammosa C. L. Koch, 1844: 57, f. 879 (Df).
Gasteracantha quadridens C. L. Koch, 1844: 59, f. 880 (Df).
Gasteracantha pallida C. L. Koch, 1844: 60, f. 881 (Df).
Epeira cancer Hentz, 1850: 23, pl. 3, f. 13 (Df).
Gasteracantha moesta Thorell, 1859: 301 (Dj).
Gasteracantha insulana Thorell, 1859: 302 (Df).
Gasteracantha hilaris Thorell, 1859: 302 (Df).
Gasteracantha columbiae Giebel, 1863: 312 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055201].
Gasteracantha kochii Butler, 1873a: 169 (Df).
Dicantha lata Butler, 1873a: 175.
Micrathena triserrata Butler, 1873a: 429.
Gasteracantha oldendorffii Holmberg, 1876: 21 (Df).
Gasteracantha insulana Butler, 1877: 76, pl. 13, f. 1 (f).
Gasteracantha raimondii Taczanowski, 1879: 106, pl. 1, f. 25-26 (Df).
Gasteracantha raimondii unicolor Taczanowski, 1879: 107 (Df).
Gasteracantha proboscidea Taczanowski, 1879: 108, pl. 1, f. 27 (Df).
Gasteracantha canestrinii O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879c: 282, pl. 26, f. 2 (Dj).
Gasteracantha callida O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879c: 284, pl. 26, f. 7 (Df).
Gasteracantha rufospinosa Marx, 1886: 25, f. a-f (Df).
Gasteracantha hexacantha Keyserling, 1892: 1, pl. 1, f. 1 (f, misidentified).
Gasteracantha elliptica Gétaz, 1893: 105 (Df).
Gasteracantha maura McCook, 1894: 210, pl. 13, f. 12 (Df).
Gasteracantha cancriformis McCook, 1894: 211, pl. 14, f. 9 (f).
Gasteracantha pallida McCook, 1894: 209, pl. 14, f. 8 (f).
Gasteracantha preciosa McCook, 1894: 211, pl. 14, f. 7 (Df).
Gasteracantha cancriformis F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901b: 329, pl. 7, f. 11 (f).
Gasteracantha canestrinii F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901b: 330, pl. 7, f. 10 (Df).
Gasteracantha kochii F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901b: 331, pl. 7, f. 10 (f).
Gasteracantha cancriformis F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 525, pl. 51, f. 14 (f).
Gasteracantha kochii F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904: 525, pl. 51, f. 15 (f).
Gasteracantha biolleyi Banks, 1905b: 20, f. 3 (Df).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Dahl, 1914: 263 (S of Gasteracantha columbiae).
Gasteracantha servillei Dahl, 1914: 264.
Gasteracantha tetracantha Dahl, 1914: 265.
Gasteracantha kochi joinvillensis Strand, 1916b: 118 (Df).
Gasteracantha mascula Strand, 1916b: 119 (Dm).
Gasteracantha comstocki Mello-Leitão, 1917a: 93 (Df).
Vibradellus carolinus Chamberlin, 1925d: 214 (Dm).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 249, f. 103 (mf).
Gasteracantha tetracantha Petrunkevitch, 1930a: 253, f. 104-107 (f, Dm).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Archer, 1941b: 23, pl. IV, f. 3, 5 (mf).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Benoit, 1964a: 49 (S).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Levi, 1978a: 437, f. 69-84 (mf, S).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Levi, 1978b: 11, f. 15-17 (m).
Gasteracantha tetracantha Wunderlich, 1986: 217, f. 218 (m).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Levi, 1996b: 140, f. 292-312 (mf, S of Gasteracantha tetracantha).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Levi, 2002: 553, f. 251-252 (m).
Gasteracantha cancriformis Álvarez-Padilla & Hormiga, 2011a: 846, f. 133E, 136A (f).
Álvarez-Padilla, F. & Hormiga, G. (2011a). Morphological and phylogenetic atlas of the orb-weaving spider family Tetragnathidae (Araneae: Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162(4): 713-879. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00692.x 
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Archer, A. F. (1941b). Supplement to the Argiopidae of Alabama. Museum Paper, Geological Survey of Alabama 18: 1-47. -- Show included taxa
Banks, N. (1905b). Arachnids from Cocos Island. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 7: 20-23. -- Show included taxa
Benoit, P. L. G. (1964a). Nouvelle contribution à la connaissance des Araneidae-Gasteracanthinae d'Afrique et de Madagascar (Araneae). Publicações Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola 69: 41-52. -- Show included taxa
Butler, A. G. (1873a). A monographic list of the species of Gasteracantha or crab-spiders, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1873: 153-180. -- Show included taxa
Butler, A. G. (1877). Myriopoda and Arachnida. In: Günther, A. (ed.). Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. S. "Peterel" to the Galapagos Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 45(1): 75-77, Pl. XIII. -- Show included taxa
Chamberlin, R. V. (1925d). Diagnoses of new American Arachnida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 67: 209-248. -- Show included taxa
Dahl, F. (1914). Die Gasteracanthen des Berliner Zoologischen Museums und deren geographische Verbreitung. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 7: 235-301. -- Show included taxa
Fabricius, J. C. (1787). Mantissa insectorum sistens eorum species nuper detectas adiectis characteribus genericis, differentiis specificis, emendationibus, observationibus. Christian Gottlieb Proft, Hafniae [= Copenhagen], vol. 1, 348 pp. (Araneae, pp. 342-346). doi:10.5962/bhl.title.11657 -- Show included taxa
Gétaz, A. (1893). Fauna arachnologica de Costa Rica. Anales del Instituto Fisico-Geografico y del Museo Nacional de Costa-Rica 4: 103-106. -- Show included taxa
Giebel, C. G. (1863). Drei und zwanzig neue und einige bekannte Spinnen der Hallischen Sammlung. Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften 21: 306-328. -- Show included taxa
Guérin-Méneville, F. E. (1825). Epeira. Encyclopédie Méthodique, Histoire Naturelle, Entomologie 10: 263; 331; 416; 419; 546; 593; 622; 625; 750; 758; 763; 777. -- Show included taxa
Hahn, C. W. (1834). Die Arachniden. C. H. Zeh'sche Buchhandlung, Nürnberg, Zweiter Band, pp. 17-56, pl. 48-56 (f. 106-143). [for the correct year of publication see Brignoli, 1985b] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43744 -- Show included taxa
Hentz, N. M. (1850). Descriptions and figures of the araneides of the United States. Boston Journal of Natural History 6: 18-35, 271-295. -- Show included taxa
Holmberg, E. L. (1876). Arácnidos argentinos. Anales de Agricultura de la República Argentina 4: 1-30. -- Show included taxa
Keyserling, E. (1892). Die Spinnen Amerikas. Epeiridae. Bauer & Raspe, Nürnberg 4, 1-208. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.64832 -- Show included taxa
Koch, C. L. (1837a). Die Arachniden. C. H. Zeh'sche Buchhandlung, Nürnberg, Dritter Band, pp. 105-119, pl. 106-118 (f. 246-252); Vierter Band, pp. 1-108, pl. 119-138 (f. 253-318). [for the correct year of publication see Brignoli, 1985b] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43744 -- Show included taxa
Koch, C. L. (1844). Die Arachniden. C. H. Zeh'sche Buchhandlung, Nürnberg, Elfter Band, pp. 1-174, pl. 361-396 (f. 850-959). [for the correct year of publication see Brignoli, 1985b] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43744 -- Show included taxa
Levi, H. W. (1978a). The American orb-weaver genera Colphepeira, Micrathena and Gasteracantha north of Mexico (Araneae, Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 148: 417-442. -- Show included taxa
Levi, H. W. (1978b). Orb-webs and phylogeny of orb-weavers. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London 42: 1-15. -- Show included taxa
Levi, H. W. (1996b). The American orb weavers Hypognatha, Encyosaccus, Xylethrus, Gasteracantha, and Enacrosoma (Araneae, Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 155: 89-157. -- Show included taxa
Levi, H. W. (2002). Keys to the genera of araneid orbweavers (Araneae, Araneidae) of the Americas. Journal of Arachnology 30(3): 527-562. doi:10.1636/0161-8202(2002)030[0527:KTTGOA]2.0.CO;2 -- Show included taxa
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae [= Stockholm], 821 pp. (Araneae, pp. 619-624). doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542 -- Show included taxa
Linnaeus, C. (1767). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae [= Stockholm], 533-1327 (Araneae, pp. 1030-1037). -- Show included taxa
Marx, G. (1886). Description of Gasteracantha rufospinosa. Entomologica Americana 2: 25-26. -- Show included taxa
McCook, H. C. (1894). American spiders and their spinningwork. A natural history of the orbweaving spiders of the United States with special regard to their industry and habits. Vol. III. Philadelphia, 285 pp., 30 pls. [for the year see p. 9] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.2681 -- Show included taxa
Mello-Leitão, C. F. de (1917a). Notas arachnologicas. 5, Especies novas ou pouco conhecidas do Brasil. Brotéria (Ser. Zool.) 15: 74-102. -- Show included taxa
Pallas, P. S. (1772). Spicilegia zoologica. Tomus 1. Continens quadrupedium, avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, molluscorum aliorumque marinorum fasciculos decem. Berolini 1(9), 44-50. -- Show included taxa
Petrunkevitch, A. (1930a). The spiders of Porto Rico. Part two. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 30: 159-356. -- Show included taxa
Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1879c). On some new and little known species of Araneidea, with remarks on the genus Gasteracantha. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 47(2): 279-293, pl. 26-27. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1879.tb02656.x -- Show included taxa
Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1901b). On a collection of spiders from the Bahama Islands made by J. L. Bonhote, Esq., with characters of a new genus and species of Mygalomorphae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 7(40): 322-332. doi:10.1080/00222930108678478 -- Show included taxa
Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1904). Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology. London 2, 465-560, pl. 44-51. [for the exact dates see Lyal, 2011] -- Show included taxa
Slabber, M. (1769). Natuur Verlustiging. Haarlem, 18 pts. -- Show included taxa
Strand, E. (1916b). Systematische-faunistische Studien über paläarktische, afrikanische und amerikanische Spinnen des Senckenbergischen Museums. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 81(A9): 1-153. -- Show included taxa
Sundevall, C. J. (1833b). Conspectus Arachnidum. C. F. Berling, Londini Gothorum [= Lund], pp. 1-39. -- Show included taxa
Taczanowski, L. (1879). Les aranéides du Pérou central (suite). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae 15(1): 102-136, pl. 1-2. -- Show included taxa
Thorell, T. (1859). Nya exotiska Epeirider. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar 16: 299-304. -- Show included taxa
Walckenaer, C. A. (1805). Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions. Dentu, Paris, 88 pp. -- Show included taxa
Walckenaer, C. A. (1841). Histoire naturelle des Insects. Aptères. Tome deuxième. Roret, Paris, 549 pp., pl. 16-22. [not published in 1837, see pp. 430, 452, 505; plates in second pdf of Walckenaer, 1837] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.61095 -- Show included taxa
Wunderlich, J. (1986). Spinnenfauna gestern und heute: Fossile Spinnen in Bernstein und ihre heute lebenden Verwandten. Quelle & Meyer, Wiesbaden, 283 pp. -- Show included taxa
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GBIF.org (2019). GBIF Home Page (via GBIF API). Available from: https://www.gbif.org [1 September 2019]
Nentwig, W., Blick, T., Bosmans, R., Gloor, D., Hänggi, A., Kropf, C.: Spiders of Europe. www.araneae.nmbe.ch. Version 05.2018. doi: 10.24436/1
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