Family: Araneidae Clerck, 1757 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0102]
Detail
Gen. Parazygiella Wunderlich, 2004 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:03687]
Detail
type Zilla montana C. L. Koch, 1834; gender feminine
N.B.: considered a junior synonym of Zygiella F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902 by Gregorič et al., 2015a: 241 and revalidated by Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52.
In synonymy:
Parazygiella alpina (L. Koch, 1870, T from Zilla) = Parazygiella montana (C. L. Koch, 1834) (Simon, 1929: 754, sub Zygiella).
Parazygiella alpina (L. Koch, 1870, T from Zilla) = Parazygiella montana (C. L. Koch, 1834) (Simon, 1929: 754, sub Zygiella).
Parazygiella carpenteri
(Archer, 1951) |
| USA
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017168]
Zygiella carpenteri Archer, 1951a: 18, f. 34 (Df).
Zygiella carpenteri Gertsch, 1964a: 9, f. 11-14 (f, Dm).
Zygiella carpenteri Levi, 1974a: 280, f. 62-69 (mf).
Parazygiella carpenteri Wunderlich, 2004f: 928 (T from Zygiella).
Zygiella carpenteri Gregorič et al., 2015a: 241 (T from Parazygiella).
Parazygiella carpenteri Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 (T from Zygiella, by revalidating the genus Parazygiella).
Zygiella carpenteri Gertsch, 1964a: 9, f. 11-14 (f, Dm).
Zygiella carpenteri Levi, 1974a: 280, f. 62-69 (mf).
Parazygiella carpenteri Wunderlich, 2004f: 928 (T from Zygiella).
Zygiella carpenteri Gregorič et al., 2015a: 241 (T from Parazygiella).
Parazygiella carpenteri Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 (T from Zygiella, by revalidating the genus Parazygiella).
Parazygiella dispar
(Kulczyński, 1885) |
| North America, Russia (Far East), Japan
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017170]
Zilla montana Emerton, 1884: 323, pl. 34, f. 14, pl. 37, f. 22-23, 26, 28 (mf; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zilla dispar Kulczyński, 1885: 24, pl. 9, f. 7 (Dmf).
Zilla montana McCook, 1894: 239, pl. 18, f. 3-4 (mf; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zilla montana Emerton, 1902: 185, f. 435a (m; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Aranea dispar Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 238.
Zilla montana Emerton, 1909: 201, pl. 5, f. 4b (f; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zilla montana Comstock, 1940: 474, f. 471c, 472c (mf; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zygiella montana Levi & Field, 1954: 452, f. 36-37 (mf; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zygiella dispar Gertsch, 1964a: 7, f. 7-10 (mf).
Zygiella dispar Levi, 1974a: 278, f. 33-37, 44, 48 (mf, S of Zygiella nearctica, revalidated by Dondale et al., 2003: 303; f. 32, 38-43, 45-47 see Zygiella nearctica).
Zygiella montana Chikuni, 1989b: 77, f. 44 (mf; misidentified per Tanikawa, 2002: 105).
Zygiella dispar Levi, 2002: 541, f. 106-107 (f).
Zygiella dispar Tanikawa, 2002: 105, f. 1-6 (mf).
Zygiella dispar Dondale et al., 2003: 303, f. 711-718 (mf).
Parazygiella dispar Wunderlich, 2004f: 928 (T from Zygiella).
Parazygiella disper Tanikawa, 2007c: 55, f. 83-85, 483-484 (mf, lapsus).
Parazygiella dispar Tanikawa, 2009: 433, f. 65-66 (mf).
Parazygiella dispar Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 269, f. 41.1-8 (mf).
Zygiella dispar Gregorič et al., 2015a: 241 (T from Parazygiella).
Zygiella dispar Tanikawa, 2017a: 1, f. 1E-F, 2D-F (mf).
Parazygiella dispar Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 (T from Zygiella, by revalidating the genus Parazygiella).
Zilla dispar Kulczyński, 1885: 24, pl. 9, f. 7 (Dmf).
Zilla montana McCook, 1894: 239, pl. 18, f. 3-4 (mf; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zilla montana Emerton, 1902: 185, f. 435a (m; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Aranea dispar Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 238.
Zilla montana Emerton, 1909: 201, pl. 5, f. 4b (f; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zilla montana Comstock, 1940: 474, f. 471c, 472c (mf; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zygiella montana Levi & Field, 1954: 452, f. 36-37 (mf; misidentified sensu Levi, 1974a: 278).
Zygiella dispar Gertsch, 1964a: 7, f. 7-10 (mf).
Zygiella dispar Levi, 1974a: 278, f. 33-37, 44, 48 (mf, S of Zygiella nearctica, revalidated by Dondale et al., 2003: 303; f. 32, 38-43, 45-47 see Zygiella nearctica).
Zygiella montana Chikuni, 1989b: 77, f. 44 (mf; misidentified per Tanikawa, 2002: 105).
Zygiella dispar Levi, 2002: 541, f. 106-107 (f).
Zygiella dispar Tanikawa, 2002: 105, f. 1-6 (mf).
Zygiella dispar Dondale et al., 2003: 303, f. 711-718 (mf).
Parazygiella dispar Wunderlich, 2004f: 928 (T from Zygiella).
Parazygiella disper Tanikawa, 2007c: 55, f. 83-85, 483-484 (mf, lapsus).
Parazygiella dispar Tanikawa, 2009: 433, f. 65-66 (mf).
Parazygiella dispar Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 269, f. 41.1-8 (mf).
Zygiella dispar Gregorič et al., 2015a: 241 (T from Parazygiella).
Zygiella dispar Tanikawa, 2017a: 1, f. 1E-F, 2D-F (mf).
Parazygiella dispar Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 (T from Zygiella, by revalidating the genus Parazygiella).
Parazygiella montana
(C. L. Koch, 1834) *
|
| Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia), Uzbekistan
[urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:017179]
Zilla montana C. L. Koch, 1834: 125, pl. 19 (Df).
Zilla montana C. L. Koch, 1839a: 146, f. 536-537 (Dmf).
Zilla alpina L. Koch, 1870: 16 (Dmf; preoccupied by Giebel, 1867, see Phylloneta sisyphia) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063403].
Zilla montana Kulczyński, 1885: 25, pl. 9, f. 8 (m).
Zilla montana Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 137, pl. 5, f. 33 (f).
Zilla montana Bösenberg, 1901: 44, pl. 3, f. 33 (mf).
Araneus montanus Lessert, 1910b: 341.
Zygiella montana Simon, 1929: 663, 754, f. 1020, 1026 (mf; S of Zilla alpina L. Koch).
Zilla montana Wiehle, 1931: 38, f. 46-48 (mf).
Zilla montana Drensky, 1943: 227, f. 8 (mf).
Zygiella montana Miller, 1971: 202, pl. XXXVII, f. 10-11 (mf).
Zygiella montana Levi, 1974a: 278, f. 51-56, 59-61 (mf).
Zygiella montana Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 64, f. 141 (mf).
Zygiella montana Roberts, 1995: 335, f. (mf).
Zygiella montana Roberts, 1998: 347, f. (mf).
Parazygiella montana Wunderlich, 2004f: 936 (T from Zygiella).
Parazygiella montana Topçu et al., 2006a: 336, f. 2 (f).
Zygiella montana Gregorič et al., 2015a: 241 (T from Parazygiella).
Parazygiella montana Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 (T from Zygiella, by revalidating the genus Parazygiella).
up
Zilla montana C. L. Koch, 1839a: 146, f. 536-537 (Dmf).
Zilla alpina L. Koch, 1870: 16 (Dmf; preoccupied by Giebel, 1867, see Phylloneta sisyphia) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:063403].
Zilla montana Kulczyński, 1885: 25, pl. 9, f. 8 (m).
Zilla montana Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 137, pl. 5, f. 33 (f).
Zilla montana Bösenberg, 1901: 44, pl. 3, f. 33 (mf).
Araneus montanus Lessert, 1910b: 341.
Zygiella montana Simon, 1929: 663, 754, f. 1020, 1026 (mf; S of Zilla alpina L. Koch).
Zilla montana Wiehle, 1931: 38, f. 46-48 (mf).
Zilla montana Drensky, 1943: 227, f. 8 (mf).
Zygiella montana Miller, 1971: 202, pl. XXXVII, f. 10-11 (mf).
Zygiella montana Levi, 1974a: 278, f. 51-56, 59-61 (mf).
Zygiella montana Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 64, f. 141 (mf).
Zygiella montana Roberts, 1995: 335, f. (mf).
Zygiella montana Roberts, 1998: 347, f. (mf).
Parazygiella montana Wunderlich, 2004f: 936 (T from Zygiella).
Parazygiella montana Topçu et al., 2006a: 336, f. 2 (f).
Zygiella montana Gregorič et al., 2015a: 241 (T from Parazygiella).
Parazygiella montana Eskov & Marusik, 2024: 52 (T from Zygiella, by revalidating the genus Parazygiella).