Family: Titanoecidae Lehtinen, 1967 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0094] Detail
In synonymy:
Aymarella Chamberlin, 1916 = Goeldia Keyserling, 1891 (Lehtinen, 1967: 218)
Boroamia Kishida, 1931 = Nurscia Simon, 1874 (Ono & Ogata, 2009: 133)
Calleva Simon, 1892 = Goeldia Keyserling, 1891 (Lehtinen, 1967: 220)
Euxinella Drensky, 1938 = Nurscia Simon, 1874 (Lehtinen, 1967: 234)
Temecula O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 = Goeldia Keyserling, 1891 (Lehtinen, 1967: 268)
Gen. Anuvinda Lehtinen, 1967 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02073] Detail
type Titanoeca escheri Reimoser, 1934; gender feminine
Anuvinda escheri (Reimoser, 1934) * | m f | India, China, Laos, Thailand     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023174]
Titanoeca escheri Reimoser, 1934b: 436, f. 7 (Df).
Anuvinda escheri Lehtinen, 1967: 214, f. 441 (Tf from Titanoeca).
Anuvinda escheri Almeida-Silva, Brescovit & Griswold, 2009: 65, f. 1-18 (f, Dm).
Anuvinda milloti (Hubert, 1973) | m f | Nepal     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022620]
Amaurobius milloti Hubert, 1973a: 676, f. 1-6 (Dmf).
Anuvinda milloti Marusik, Ballarin & Omelko, 2012a: 61 (Tmf from Amaurobius).
Gen. Goeldia Keyserling, 1891 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02074] Detail
type Goeldia obscura Keyserling, 1891 (preocuppied); gender feminine; replacement name Goeldia leechi Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024
N.B.: removed from the synonymy of Titanoeca Thorell, 1869 by Lehtinen, 1967: 236; considered a senior synonym of Calleva Simon, 1892a: 239 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04790] (transferred from the Amaurobiidae, type C. paupercula Simon, 1892 = Goeldia luteipes (Keyserling, 1891), Temecula O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896a: 170 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04791] (transferred from the Dictynidae by Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958: 6, type T. mexicana O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) and of Aymarella Chamberlin, 1916: 209 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04789] (transferred from the Amaurobiidae, type A. munda Chamberlin, 1916 = Goeldia funesta (Keyserling, 1883)) by Lehtinen, 1967: 236.
In synonymy:
Goeldia arnozoi (Mello-Leitão, 1924) = Goeldia patellaris (Simon, 1893) (Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 182).
Goeldia cothurnata (Mello-Leitão, 1943, T from Amaurobius) = Goeldia luteipes (Keyserling, 1891) (Lehtinen, 1967: 236).
Goeldia munda (Chamberlin, 1916) = Goeldia funesta (Keyserling, 1883) (Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 154).
Goeldia paupercula Simon, 1892 = Goeldia luteipes (Keyserling, 1891) (Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 172).
Goeldia thoracica (Mello-Leitão, 1945, T from Amaurobius) = Goeldia luteipes (Keyserling, 1891) (Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 172).
Homonym replaced:
Goeldia obscura Keyserling, 1891 -- see Goeldia leechi (see Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024)
Goeldia bagumbubu Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 | m | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060328]
Goeldia bagumbubu Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 161, f. 7A-E (Dm).
Goeldia chinipensis Leech, 1972 | m | Mexico     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023176]
Goeldia chinipensis Leech, 1972: 104, f. 187-188 (Dm).
Goeldia chinipensis Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 162, f. 8A-D (m).
Goeldia diva Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 | m f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060329]
Goeldia diva Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 163, f. 9A-F (Dmf).
Goeldia funesta (Keyserling, 1883) | m f | Colombia, Ecuador, Peru. Introduced to USA     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060323]
Titanoeca funesta Keyserling, 1883a: 217, pl. 15, f. 16 (Df).
Auximus funestus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 106.
Aymarella munda Chamberlin, 1916: 209, pl. 9, f. 1-5 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060324].
Goeldia patellaris Lehtinen, 1967: 459, f. 422, 439, 442 (f, holotype of Aymarella munda).
Goeldia funesta Lehtinen, 1967: 236 (see Goeldia obscura).
Goeldia funesta Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 154, 165, f. 10A-F (Dm, f, removed from S of Goeldia obscura Keyserling, 1878, S of Goeldia munda, removed from S of Goeldia patellaris, both rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 236).
Goeldia gauderio Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 | m f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060330]
Goeldia gauderio Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 167, f. 11A-F (Dmf).
Goeldia goytacazes Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 | m f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060331]
Goeldia goytacazes Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 168, f. 12A-F (Dmf).
Goeldia guayaquilensis (Schmidt, 1971) | m f | Ecuador, Peru     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023195]
Titanoeca guayaquilensis Schmidt, 1971: 418, f. 23 (Dm).
Goeldia guayaquilensis Dupérré, 2023a: 271, f. 100A-B, 101A-B (m, T from Titanoeca).
Goeldia guayaquilensis Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 170, f. 13A-F (m, Df).
Goeldia leechi Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 * | m f | Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060327]
Göldia obscura Keyserling, 1891: 45, pl. 1, f. 20 (Dm, preoccupied by Keyserling, 1878, see Goeldia obscura) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060326].
Goeldia obscura Leech, 1972: 103 (m; here per Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 155).
Goeldia leechi Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 155, f. 2A-I, 3A-F, 4A-I, 5A-F, 6A-L (Dmf, replacement name).
Goeldia luteipes (Keyserling, 1891) | m f | Venezuela, Bolivia, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023177]
Titanoeca luteipes Keyserling, 1891: 156, pl. 4, f. 108 (Dmf).
Calleva paupercula Simon, 1892a: 239 (Df; subadult after Lehtinen, 1967: 220) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060325].
Auximus luteipes Petrunkevitch, 1911: 106.
Amaurobius cothurnatus Mello-Leitão, 1943c: 102, f. 2 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060322].
Amaurobius thoracicus Mello-Leitão, 1945b: 232 (Dj) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022642].
Goeldia luteipes Lehtinen, 1967: 236 (T from Auximus, S of Amaurobius cothurnatus).
Goeldia luteipes Leech, 1972: 103, f. 191-193 (m).
Amaurobius thoracicus Marusik, Otto & Japoshvili, 2020: 54 (species inquirenda, may belong to another genus or to Titanoecidae).
Goeldia luteipes Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 172, f. 14A-F (mf, S of Amaurobius thoracicus and Goeldia paupercula, removed from S of Goeldia patellaris, rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 220, 236).
Goeldia mexicana (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) | m f | Mexico, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023178]
Temecula mexicana O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896a: 170, pl. 22, f. 8 (Dm).
Temecula mexicana F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902a: 359, pl. 83, f. 23-24 (m, Df).
Goeldia funesta Lehtinen, 1967: 459, f. 438 (m, syntype of Temecula mexicana; see also Leech, 1972: 104 and Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 154).
Goeldia mexicana Leech, 1972: 104, f. 185-186, 383-384 (mf, removed from S of Goeldia funesta, rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 236).
Goeldia mexicana Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 174, f. 15A-F (mf).
Goeldia mirim Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 | m f | Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060332]
Goeldia mirim Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 175, f. 1A, 16A-F (Dmf).
Goeldia nigra (Mello-Leitão, 1917) | m f | Brazil, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023179]
Aebutina nigra Mello-Leitão, 1917a: 77, f. 22-23 (Df).
Goeldia nigra Lehtinen, 1967: 209, 236 (T from Aebutina).
Goeldia nigra Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 177, f. 1B-D, 17A-F (Dm, f).
Goeldia obscura (Keyserling, 1878) | m f | Colombia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023180]
Titanoeca obscura Keyserling, 1878a: 591, pl. 14, f. 15 (Df; erroneously thought to be preoccupied by Lehtinen, 1967: 236 by Hahn, 1833, see Titanoeca quadriguttata).
Amaurobius obscurus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 105.
Goeldia funesta Lehtinen, 1967: 236 (T from Auximus, S of Titanoeca = Amaurobius obscura Keyserling, 1878 [erronously chose the younger name], Goeldia funesta revalidated by Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 165; S of Tmecula = Goeldia mexicana, revalidated by Leech, 1972: 104, fig. 438 see G. mexicana).
Goeldia obscura Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 180, f. 18A-F (Dm, f).
Goeldia patellaris (Simon, 1893) | m f | Venezuela, Brazil     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023181]
Amaurobius patellaris Simon, 1893b: 434, pl. 9, f. 8 (Dmf).
Amaurobius arnozoi Mello-Leitão, 1924a: 276 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023175].
Goeldia arnozoi Lehtinen, 1967: 236 (T from Amaurobius).
Goeldia patellaris Lehtinen, 1967: 220, 236 (T from Titanoeca, S of Aymarella munda [now S of Goeldia funesta, f. 422, 439, 442 see this species], Calleva paupercula [now S of Goeldia luteipes] and Goeldia obscura Keyserling, 1891 [see Goeldia leechi]; all rejected by Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024; preferred the younger name patellaris Simon, 1893 instead of paupercula Simon, 1892 and announced an application for the stabilization of this name).
Goeldia patellaris Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 182, f. 19A-F (mf, S of Goeldia arnozoi).
Goeldia portenha Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 | m f | Brazil, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060333]
Goeldia portenha Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 183, f. 1E-F, 20A-F (Dmf).
Goeldia tizamina (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938) | f | Mexico     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023182]
Titanoeca tizamina Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938: 129, f. 8-9 (Df).
Goeldia tizamina Lehtinen, 1967: 236 (T from Titanoeca).
Goeldia tizamina Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 155 (misplaced in Goeldia).
Goeldia utcuyacu Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024 | m f | Peru     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060334]
Goeldia utcuyacu Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 185, f. 21A-F, 22A-E (Dmf).
Goeldia zyngierae Almeida-Silva, Brescovit & Dias, 2009 | m f | Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042728]
Goeldia zyngierae Almeida-Silva, Brescovit & Dias, 2009: 364, figs. 2-18 (Dmf).
Goeldia zyngierae Almeida-Silva & Brescovit, 2024: 188, f. 23A-F (mf).
Gen. Nurscia Simon, 1874 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02075] Detail
type Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1874; gender feminine
N.B.: transferred from the Amaurobiidae by Lehtinen, 1967: 253; considered a senior synonym of Euxinella Drensky, 1938b: 570 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04792] (type E. strandi Drensky, 1938 = Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1874) by Lehtinen, 1967: 234 (transferred from the Theridiidae); considered a senior synonym Boroamia Kishida, in Yuhara, 1931: 215 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:04843] (described in Psechridae, type B. psechroides Kishida, 1931 = Nurscia albofasciata (Strand, 1907)) by Ono & Ogata, 2009: 133 and confirmed by Ono & Ogata, 2018: 656 (Boramia was considered a nomen nudum by Yaginuma, in Brignoli, 1983c: 534).
In synonymy:
Nurscia distincta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872, T from Amaurobius) = Nurscia albomaculata (Lucas, 1846) (Simon, 1914: 60, sub Titanoeca).
Nurscia duodecimmaculata (Canestrini, 1868, T from Amaurobius) = Nurscia albomaculata (Lucas, 1846) (Simon, 1874a: 218, sub Titanoeca).
Nurscia flavipes Simon, 1874 = Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1874 (Lehtinen, 1967: 253).
Nurscia longipalpis (Kroneberg, 1875, T from Amaurobius) = Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1874 (Simon, 1880l: 115).
Nurscia nipponica (Yaginuma, 1959, T from Titanoeca) = Nurscia albofasciata (Strand, 1907) (Lehtinen, 1967: 253).
Nurscia psechroides (Kishida, 1931, sub Boroamia) = Nurscia albofasciata (Strand, 1907) (Ono & Ogata, 2009: 132).
Nurscia strandi (Drensky, 1938, T from Euxinella) = Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1874 (Lehtinen, 1967: 253).
Nurscia albofasciata (Strand, 1907) | m f | Russia (Far East), Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan. Introduced to Britain     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023183]
Titanoeca albofasciata Strand, 1907k: 107 (Dm).
Boroamia psechroides Kishida, in Yuhara, 1931: 216 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060152].
Titanoeca nipponica Yaginuma, 1959b: 13, f. 14-17 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060063].
Titanoeca nipponica Namkung, 1964: 32, f. 2a-b (m, Df).
Titanoeca nipponica Lee, 1966: 16, f. 2e-g (m).
Titanoeca nipponica Paik, 1966a: 55, f. 12-19 (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Lehtinen, 1967: 253 (T from Titanoeca, S of Titanoeca nipponica).
Titanoeca nipponica Yaginuma, 1971: 23, f. 21 (m).
Titanoeca nipponica Paik, 1978e: 176, f. 71.1-6 (mf).
Titanoeca nipponica Song, 1980: 86, f. 36a-e (mf).
Titanoeca nipponica Wang, 1981: 114, f. 56A-E (m).
Titanoeca nipponica Wen, Zhao & Huang, 1981: 27, f. 4A-D (mf).
Titanoeca nipponica Brignoli, 1983c: 532 (Lehtinen's synonymy judged "uncertain", but subsequently accepted).
Titanoeca nipponica Hu, 1984: 53, f. 49.1-2 (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Dunin, 1984c: 142, f. 2-5 (m).
Nurscia albofasciata Song & Zhu, 1985: 73, f. 1-3 (mf).
Titanoeca nipponica Guo, 1985: 46, f. 2-5.1-4 (mf).
Titanoeca albofasciata Yaginuma, 1985: 132, f. 8A-F (mf).
Titanoeca albofasciata Yaginuma, 1986a: 10, f. 7.4 (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Song, 1987: 66, f. 32 (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Zhang, 1987: 49, f. 34.1-4 (mf).
Titanoeca albofasciata Chikuni, 1989b: 21, f. 2 (mf).
Titanoeca albofasciata Feng, 1990: 32, f. 7.1-4 (mf).
Nursica albofasciata Chen & Gao, 1990: 24, f. 26a-b (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Chen & Zhang, 1991: 39, f. 30.1-3 (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Zhao, 1993: 132, f. 64a-b (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Zhao, 1995: 848, f. 400a-b (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 395, f. 230O-P, T (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Song, Zhu & Chen, 2001: 298, f. 190A-C (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Namkung, 2002: 404, f. 29.1a-b (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Namkung, 2003: 406, f. 29.1a-b (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Ono & Ogata, 2009: 132, f. 1-6 (mf, S of Boroamia psechroides).
Nurscia albofasciata Zhu & Zhang, 2011: 332, f. 240A-E (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Yin et al., 2012: 1035, f. 538a-e (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Kim, Lee & Lee, 2014b: 72, f. 1-12, 13a-e, 14-16 (m; misidentified per Yoo et al., 2015: 65).
Nurscia albofasciata Zhang & Wang, 2017: 883, 7 f. (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Kim & Lee, 2018b: 66, f. 38A-D, pl. 10-11 (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Wang, 2018b: 88, f. 15-1.A-G, pl. 19 (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata Logunov & Popovici, 2021: 5, f. 6-9 (f).
Nurscia albofasciata Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 172, f. 127A-G (mf).
Nurscia albofasciata He et al., 2023a: 75, f. 1A-B, 2A-D, 3A-F, 4A-F (mf).
Nurscia albomaculata (Lucas, 1846) | m f | Europe, Turkey, North Africa to Central Asia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023184]
Epeira albo-maculata Lucas, 1846: 250, pl. 15, f. 6 (Df).
Singa albo-maculata Simon, 1864: 256.
Amaurobius 12-maculatus Canestrini & Pavesi, 1868: 862 (m).
Amaurobius 12-maculatus Canestrini, 1868c: 204 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060066].
Amaurobius distinctus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 263 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060067].
Titanoeca albomaculata Simon, 1874a: 218, pl. 3, f. 7 (mf, S of Amaurobius duodecimmaculatus).
Amaurobius albomaculatus Canestrini, 1876: 213.
Amaurobius albomaculatus Bösenberg, 1902: 248, pl. 23, f. 358 (f).
Titanoeca albomaculata Simon, 1914: 60 (S of Amaurobius distinctus).
Titanoeca albomaculata Drensky, 1940: 191, f. 27a (f).
Titanoeca albomaculata Wiehle, 1953: 142, f. 291-296 (mf).
Titanoeca albomaculata Hubert, 1966: 239, f. 7 (f).
Nurscia albomaculata Lehtinen, 1967: 253 (T from Titanoeca).
Titanoeca albomaculata Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 386, f. 1000 (mf).
Titanoeca albomaculata Millidge, 1993c: 155, f. 60 (f).
Nurscia albomaculata Trotta, 2005: 178, f. 501-503 (mf).
Nurscia albomaculata El-Hennawy, 2009a: 114, f. 1-6 (mf).
Nurscia albomaculata Kovblyuk et al., 2016: 121, f. 312-314, 318, 320, 322-323, 326-328 (mf).
Nurscia albomaculata Ponomarev et al., 2018b: 128, f. 11-13 (m).
Nurscia albomaculata Seropian et al., 2023: 291, f. S6 (mf).
Nurscia albomaculata Abdel-Ghani, Hassan & Sallam, 2023: 37, f. 28a-b (mf).
Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1874 * | m f | South-eastern and eastern Europe to Central Asia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023185]
Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1874a: 235 (Dm).
Nurscia flavipes Simon, 1874a: 235 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060062].
Amaurobius longipalpis Kroneberg, 1875: 14, pl. 4, f. 30a-e (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060065].
Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1880l: 115 (S of Amaurobius longipalpis).
Nurscia albosignata Simon, 1892a: 238.
Nurscia flavipes Simon, 1892a: 238, f. 188 (m).
Euxinella strandi Drensky, 1938b: 571, pl. 11, f. 1-7 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:060064].
Nurscia albosignata Lehtinen, 1967: 253, f. 430-431, 433 (mf, S of Euxinella strandi and Nurscia flavipes).
Nurscia albosignata Danisman et al., 2011b: 18, f. 3A-D (mf).
Nurscia albosignata Kovblyuk et al., 2016: 121, f. 315-317, 319, 321, 324-325, 329-331 (mf).
Nurscia minuscula Zamani & Marusik, 2024 | f | Iran     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:059959]
Nurscia minuscula Zamani & Marusik, in Zamani et al., 2024a: 305, f. 10H-I (Df).
Nurscia sequerai (Simon, 1893) | m f | Portugal, Spain, France     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023186]
Titanoeca sequerai Simon, 1893c: 194 (Dmf).
Titanoeca seguerai Simon, 1914: 41, 43, 60, f. 81 (mf).
Titanoeca sequerai Hubert, 1966: 243, f. 6 (f).
Nurscia sequerai Lehtinen, 1967: 253 (T from Titanoeca).
Titanoeca sequerai Millidge, 1993c: 154, f. 59 (f).
Nurscia sequerai Gaymard & Lecigne, 2018: 14, f. 19F-I (f).
Gen. Pandava Lehtinen, 1967 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02076] Detail
type Amaurobius laminatus Thorell, 1878; gender feminine
In synonymy:
Pandava birmanica (Thorell, 1895, T from Titanoeca) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Lehtinen, 1967: 255).
Pandava castaneiceps (Simon, 1893, T from Amaurobius) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Lehtinen, 1967: 255).
Pandava chinesica (Strand, 1907, T from Amaurobius) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Lehtinen, 1967: 255).
Pandava fulmeki (Reimoser, 1927, T from Titanoeca) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Lehtinen, 1967: 255).
Pandava mumfordi (Berland, 1933, T from Syrorisa) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Lehtinen, 1967: 255).
Pandava nicobarensis (Tikader, 1977, T from Phaeocedus) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2020e: 1332).
Pandava taprobanicola (Strand, 1907, T from Amaurobius) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Lehtinen, 1967: 255).
Pandava yanoiana (Nakatsudi, 1943, T from Amaurobius) = Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) (Marusik, Otto & Japoshvili, 2020: 54).
Pandava andhraca (Patel & Reddy, 1990) | m f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022586]
Amaurobius andhracus Patel & Reddy, 1990b: 41, f. 1a-h (Dmf).
Pandava andhraca Marusik, Ballarin & Omelko, 2012a: 62 (Tmf from Amaurobius).
Pandava aruni Bodkhe, Uniyal, Kamble, Manthen, Santape & Chikhale, 2017 | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:049412]
Pandava aruni Bodkhe et al., 2017: 120, f. 1-13 (Df).
Pandava banna Lin & Li, 2022 | m f | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054900]
Pandava banna Lin & Li, in Lin et al., 2022c: 268, f. 63A-B, 64A-B, 65A-B (Dmf).
Pandava ganesha Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010 | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043534]
Pandava ganesha Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010: 54, f. 103-104 (Df).
Pandava ganga Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010 | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043532]
Pandava ganga Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010: 50, f. 99-100 (Df).
Pandava hunanensis Yin & Bao, 2001 | m f | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:038786]
Pandava hunanensis Yin & Bao, 2001: 58, f. 1a-h (Dmf).
Pandava hunanensis Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010: 37, f. 38-57 (mf).
Pandava hunanensis Yin et al., 2012: 1037, f. 539a-g (mf).
Pandava kama Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010 | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043533]
Pandava kama Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010: 53, f. 101-102 (Df).
Pandava laminata (Thorell, 1878) * | m f | Tanzania, Kenya, Madagascar, India, Sri Lanka to China, Indonesia, Philippines, Micronesia, French Polynesia. Introduced to Britain, Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Hungary     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023187]
Amaurobius laminatus Thorell, 1878b: 168 (Dm).
Amaurobius castaneiceps Simon, 1893d: 69, f. 1 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054715].
Titanoeca birmanica Thorell, 1895b: 62 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054714].
Titanoeca birmanica Thorell, 1897a: 261 (Dm).
Amaurobius taprobanicola Strand, 1907k: 110, f. 49, 50b (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054719].
Amaurobius chinesicus Strand, 1907k: 113, f. 50a (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054716].
Titanoeca fulmeki Reimoser, 1927b: 1, f. 1 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054717].
Syrorisa mumfordi Berland, 1933b: 69, f. 60-62 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:054718].
Amaurobius yanoianus Nakatsudi, 1943a: 149, f. 2, 2a-b (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022650].
Pandava laminata Lehtinen, 1967: 255, f. 425-426, 440 (mf, T from Amaurobius, S of Amaurobius castaneiceps, A. chinesicus, A. taprobanicola, Syrorisa mumfordi, Titanoeca birmanica and T. fulmeki).
Titanoeca fulmeki Chrysanthus, 1967b: 102, f. 52-54, 58-59 (f, Dm).
Phaeocedus nicobarensis Tikader, 1977a: 187, f. 15A-C (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027719].
Phaeocedus nicobarensis Tikader, 1982b: 361, f. 154-157 (f).
Pandava laminata Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 396, f. 230Q, U (mf).
Pandava laminata Jäger, 2008e: 4, f. 1-9 (mf).
Pandava laminata Ono & Ogata, 2009: 133, f. 7-10 (mf).
Pandava laminata Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010: 34, f. 1-37 (mf).
Pandava laminata Pfliegler, Pfeiffer & Grabolle, 2012: 184, f. 1d, 2l-m (f).
Pandava laminata Solanki, Siliwal & Kumar, 2017: 24, f. 1B-C, 2A-F (mf).
Pandava laminata Rozwałka & Bielak-Bielecki, 2017: 121, f. 2-9 (mf).
Pandava laminata Marusik, Otto & Japoshvili, 2020: 54 (S of Amaurobius yanoianus).
Pandava laminata Parker, 2020: 17, f. 1-6 (f).
Pandava laminata Sankaran, Caleb & Sebastian, 2020e: 1332, f. 5a-d (f, S of Phaeocedus nicobarensis).
Pandava nathabhaii (B. H. Patel & H. K. Patel, 1975) | f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022623]
Amaurobius nathabhaii Patel & Patel, 1975b: 801, f. 1a-c (Df).
Pandava nathabhaii Marusik, Ballarin & Omelko, 2012a: 61 (Tf from Amaurobius).
Pandava sarasvati Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010 | m f | Myanmar, Thailand     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043531]
Pandava sarasvati Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010: 49, f. 84-98 (Dmf).
Pandava shiva Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010 | m f | India, Pakistan     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:043530]
Pandava shiva Almeida-Silva, Griswold & Brescovit, 2010: 43, f. 58-83 (Dmf).
Gen. Titanoeca Thorell, 1870 [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidergen:02077] Detail
type Theridion quadriguttatum Hahn, 1833; gender feminine
Transferred to other genera:
Titanoeca albofasciata Strand, 1907 -- see Nurscia
Titanoeca albomaculata (Lucas, 1846) -- see Nurscia
Titanoeca birmanica Thorell, 1895 -- see Pandava
Titanoeca decorata Yin & Bao, 2001 -- see Taira
Titanoeca distincta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) -- see Nurscia
Titanoeca duodecimmaculata (Canestrini, 1868) -- see Nurscia
Titanoeca escheri Reimoser, 1934 -- see Anuvinda
Titanoeca fulmeki Reimoser, 1927 -- see Pandava
Titanoeca guayaquilensis Schmidt, 1971 -- see Goeldia
Titanoeca nipponica Yaginuma, 1959 -- see Nurscia
Titanoeca obscura Keyserling, 1878 -- see Goeldia
Titanoeca palpator Hu & Li, 1987 -- see Tamgrinia
Titanoeca patellaris (Simon, 1892) -- see Goeldia
Titanoeca sequerai Simon, 1892 -- see Nurscia
Titanoeca tibetana Hu & Li, 1987 -- see Tamgrinia
Titanoeca tizamina Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938 -- see Goeldia
Titanoeca yadongensis Hu & Li, 1987 -- see Tamgrinia
In synonymy:
Titanoeca anopla Chamberlin, 1947 = Titanoeca americana Emerton, 1888 (Leech, 1972: 100).
Titanoeca burjatica Danilov, 1994 = Titanoeca asimilis Song & Zhu, 1985 (Marusik, Logunov & Koponen, 2000: 119).
Titanoeca hingstoni (Hu & Li, 1987, T from Protadia = Argenna) = Titanoeca asimilis Song & Zhu, 1985 (Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 396).
Titanoeca kochi (Ausserer, 1867) = Titanoeca quadriguttata (Hahn, 1833) (Thaler, 1988: 118, after Thorell, 1870b: 124).
Titanoeca psammophila Wunderlich, 1993 = Titanoeca spominima (Taczanowski, 1866) (Breitling et al., 2015: 67).
Titanoeca ruficeps (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872, T from Amaurobius) = Titanoeca flavicoma L. Koch, 1872 (Lehtinen, 1967: 270).
Titanoeca silvicola Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 = Titanoeca nivalis Simon, 1874 (Marusik, 1995: 126).
Titanoeca simplex (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872, T from Amaurobius) = Titanoeca flavicoma L. Koch, 1872 (Lehtinen, 1967: 270).
Titanoeca transbaicalica Danilov, 1994 = Titanoeca liaoningensis Zhu, Gao & Guan, 1993 (Danilov, 2008: 49).
Titanoeca zyuzini Marusik, 1995 = Titanoeca liaoningensis Zhu, Gao & Guan, 1993 (Danilov, 2008: 49).
Titanoeca altaica Song & Zhou, 1994 | m f | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023188]
Titanoeca altaica Song & Zhou, in Zhou, Song & Song, 1994: 23, f. 1-4 (Dmf).
Titanoeca altaica Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 396, f. 230R-S, V-W (mf).
Titanoeca americana Emerton, 1888 | m f | North America     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023189]
Titanoeca americana Emerton, 1888: 453, pl. 10, f. 4 (Dmf).
Amaurobius americanus Emerton, 1902: 215, f. 493 (mf).
Amaurobius americanus Crosby & Bishop, 1928b: 1034.
Titanoeca americana anopla Chamberlin, 1947: 21, pl. 4, f. 35 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055432].
Titanoeca americana Kaston, 1948: 518, f. 1970, 1997-2003 (mf).
Titanoeca flavicoma Lehtinen, 1967: 270 (S of Titanoeca americana, rejected by Leech, 1972: 100).
Titanoeca anopla Lehtinen, 1967: 271 (elevated from subspecies of T. americana).
Titanoeca americana Leech, 1972: 100, f. 181-182, 377, 380 (mf, removed from S of Titanoeca flavicoma, rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 270, S of Titanoeca anopla).
Titanoeca americana Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 237, f. 2682-2685 (mf).
Titanoeca americana Griswold et al., 2005: 42, f. 174B-C, E, 188A-B (m).
Titanoeca asimilis Song & Zhu, 1985 | m f | Russia (South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Mongolia, India, China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023190]
Titanoeca asimilis Song & Zhu, 1985: 73, f. 4-7 (Dmf).
Titanoeca asimilis Zhu & Shi, 1985: 53, f. 43a-f (mf).
Titanoeca asimilis Song, 1987: 63, f. 33 (mf).
Protadia hingstoni Hu & Li, 1987a: 320, 385, f. 4.1-3, 5.1-2 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055434].
Titanoeca burjatica Danilov, 1994: 208, f. 43-46 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055433].
Titanoeca asimilis Marusik, 1995: 125, f. 2, 7-8, 16 (mf).
Titanoeca asimilis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 396, f. 231A-D (mf, S of Protadia = Argenna hingstoni).
Titanoeca asimilis Marusik, Logunov & Koponen, 2000: 119 (S of Titanoeca burjatica).
Titanoeca asimilis Hu, 2001: 119, f. 35.1-4 (mf).
Titanoeca asimilis Quasin et al., 2022: 1765, f. 12-20 (mf).
Titanoeca asimilis Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 174, f. 128A-H (mf).
Titanoeca brunnea Emerton, 1888 | m f | USA, Canada     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023191]
Titanoeca brunnea Emerton, 1888: 453, pl. 10, f. 5 (Df).
Titanoeca brunnea Leech, 1972: 102, f. 183-184, 378, 382 (f, Dm).
Titanoeca caspia Ponomarev, 2020 | m f | Russia (Europe, Caucasus)     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:052648]
Titanoeca caspia Ponomarev, in Ponomarev & Shmatko, 2020b: 301, f. 9-15 (Dmf).
Titanoeca caucasica Dunin, 1985 | m f | Turkey, Caucasus (Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan), Iran     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023192]
Titanoeca caucasica Dunin, 1985b: 932, f. 1-8 (Dmf).
Titanoeca caucasica Gündüz, 2017: 136, f. 1-4 (f).
Titanoeca caucasica Ponomarev & Shmatko, 2023b: 214, f. 18-24 (mf).
Titanoeca deltshevi Naumova, 2019 | m f | Bulgaria     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:051448]
Titanoeca deltshevi Naumova, 2019: 421, f. 1-5 (Dmf).
Titanoeca eca Marusik, 1995 | m f | Kazakhstan     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023193]
Titanoeca eca Marusik, in Eskov & Marusik, 1995: 68, f. 83-90 (Dmf).
Titanoeca eca Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 257, f. 38.5, 9-10 (mf).
Titanoeca flavicoma L. Koch, 1872 | m f | France (Corsica), Italy, Albania, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Israel     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023194]
Amaurobius simplex O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 262 (Dj) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055440].
Amaurobius ruficeps O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872: 264 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055437].
Titanoeca flavicoma L. Koch, 1872d: 163 (Dmf).
Titanoeca flavicoma Simon, 1914: 42, 60, f. 83 (mf).
Titanoeca flavicoma Hubert, 1966: 239, f. 4 (f).
Titanoeca flavicoma Lehtinen, 1967: 270, f. 427, 432, 435 (m, S of Amaurobius ruficeps and A. simplex, S of A. nigrellus, Titanoeca americana, T. intermedia, T. nivalis, T. sibirica and T. silvicola all rejected by later authors).
Titanoeca flavicoma Gao, Guan & Zhu, 1993: 75, f. 6-10 (mf; probably misidentified, per Komnenov, 2014: 144).
Titanoeca flavicoma Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 396, f. 231E-H, L (mf; probably misidentified, per Komnenov, 2014: 144).
Titanoeca flavicoma IJland & van Helsdingen, 2016: 42, f. 23a-d, 24 (m).
Titanoeca flavicoma van Helsdingen, IJland & Komnenov, 2018: 21, f. 11a-b (f).
Titanoeca flavicoma Naumova, 2019: 424, f. 7-9 (mf).
Titanoeca flavicoma Danışman, Coşar & Erdek, 2024: 112, f. 2A-F, 3A-E, 4A-C (mf).
Titanoeca gyirongensis Hu, 2001 | m | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037842]
Titanoeca gyirongensis Hu, 2001: 120, f. 35.1-3 (Dm).
Titanoeca hispanica Wunderlich, 1995 | m f | Spain, France     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023196]
Titanoeca hispanica Wunderlich, 1995C: 733, f. 1-4, 15-16 (Dmf).
Titanoeca hispanica Iorio, 2017: 56, f. 12 (m).
Titanoeca incerta (Nosek, 1905) | f | Turkey     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023197]
Amaurobius incerta Nosek, 1905b: 120, f. 1 (Df).
Titanoeca incerta Drensky, 1940: 192, f. 27b (f).
Titanoeca intermedia Caporiacco, 1934 | m f | Pakistan, India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055435]
Titanoeca intermedia Caporiacco, 1934a: 119, pl. 1, f. 5 (Dmf).
Titanoeca flavicoma Lehtinen, 1967: 270 (S of Titanoeca intermedia, rejected by Marusik, Ballarin & Omelko, 2012a: 63).
Titanoeca intermedia Marusik, Ballarin & Omelko, 2012a: 63 (removed from S of Titanoeca flavicoma, rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 270).
Titanoeca lehtineni Fet, 1986 | m f | Central Asia, Iran?     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023198]
Titanoeca lehtineni Fet, 1986: 65, f. 1-3 (Dmf).
Titanoeca lehtineni Omelko, 2011a: 82, f. 1-10 (mf).
Titanoeca lianyuanensis Xu, Yin & Bao, 2002 | m | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037843]
Titanoeca lianyuanensis Xu, Yin & Bao, 2002a: 235, f. 1-6 (Dm).
Titanoeca lianyuanensis Yin et al., 2012: 1041, f. 541a-f (m).
Titanoeca liaoningensis Zhu, Gao & Guan, 1993 | m f | Russia (South Siberia), Mongolia, China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023199]
Titanoeca liaoningensis Zhu, Gao & Guan, in Gao, Guan & Zhu, 1993: 74, f. 1-5 (Dmf).
Titanoeca transbaicalica Danilov, 1994: 206, f. 39-42 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023210].
Titanoeca zyuzini Marusik, 1995: 124, f. 1, 5-6, 13-15 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023216].
Titanoeca liaoningensis Song, Zhu & Chen, 1999: 396, f. 231I-K, M-N (mf).
Titanoeca liaoningensis Danilov, 2008: 49 (S of Titanoeca transbaicalica and T. zyuzini).
Titanoeca mae Song, Zhang & Zhu, 2002 | m f | China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:037844]
Titanoeca mae Song, Zhang & Zhu, 2002: 146, f. 2A-C (Df).
Titanoeca mae Zhang, Peng & Zhang, 2022: 176, f. 129A-G (Dm, f).
Titanoeca minuta Marusik, 1995 | f | Kazakhstan     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023200]
Titanoeca minuta Marusik, in Eskov & Marusik, 1995: 69, f. 91-93 (Df).
Titanoeca monticola (Simon, 1870) | m f | Portugal, Spain, France     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023201]
Dictyna monticola Simon, 1870b: 304 (Dm).
Dictyna monticola Simon, 1873a: 169, pl. 1, f. 27 (m).
Titanoeca monticola Simon, 1874a: 214, pl. 3, f. 10 (m, Df).
Amaurobius monticola Simon, 1892a: 233, f. 187 (m).
Titanoeca monticola Simon, 1914: 42, 60, f. 85 (m).
Titanoeca monticola Hubert, 1966: 239, f. 8 (f).
Titanoeca monticola Lehtinen, 1967: 459, f. 434 (f).
Titanoeca monticola Millidge, 1993c: 154, f. 58 (f).
Titanoeca monticola Breitling, 2020: 359, f. 38 (m).
Titanoeca nigrella (Chamberlin, 1919) | m f | North America     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023202]
Amaurobius nigrellus Chamberlin, 1919b: 2 (Df).
Titanoeca flavicoma Lehtinen, 1967: 270 (S of Amaurobius nigrellus, rejected by Leech, 1972: 96).
Titanoeca nigrella Leech, 1972: 96, f. 177-178, 375, 379 (mf, removed from S of Titanoeca flavicoma, rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 270).
Titanoeca nivalis Simon, 1874 | m f | North America, Scandinavia, Pyrenees (Spain, France), Alps (France, Switzerland, Austria, Italy), Georgia, Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East)     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023203]
Titanoeca nivalis Simon, 1874a: 210 (Dmf).
Ciniflo nivalis Lessert, 1910b: 23, f. 25, 27, 29 (mf).
Titanoeca nivalis Simon, 1914: 43, 61, f. 87 (m).
Titanoeca silvicola Chamberlin, 1947: 22, pl. 4, f. 36 (m).
Titanoeca silvicola Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947b: 15, f. 7-8 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055439].
Titanoeca nivalis Hubert, 1966: 241, f. 5 (f).
Titanoeca flavicoma Lehtinen, 1967: 270 (S of Titanoeca nivalis and T. silvicola, rejected by Thaler, 1981c: 127 and Leech, 1972: 98).
Titanoeca silvicola Leech, 1972: 98, f. 179-180, 376, 381 (mf, removed from S of Titanoeca flavicoma, rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 270).
Titanoeca flavicoma Palmgren, 1977a: 24, f. 5.25-29 (mf; here per Thaler, 1981c: 127).
Titanoeca nivalis Thaler, 1981c: 127, f. 72 (m, removed from S of Titanoeca flavicoma, rejecting Lehtinen, 1967: 270).
Titanoeca nivalis Wunderlich, 1993b: 350, f. 10 (m).
Titanoeca nivalis Marusik, 1995: 126, f. 3, 9-10, 17 (mf, S of Titanoeca silvicola).
Titanoeca nivalis Mcheidze, 1997: 52, f. 34 (f).
Titanoeca nivalis Almquist, 2007: 329, f. 288a-f (mf).
Titanoeca praefica (Simon, 1870) | m f | Portugal, Spain, France, Algeria, Russia (Europe)     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023205]
Dictyna praefixa Simon, 1870b: 303 (Dm, lapsus).
Dictyna praefica Simon, 1873a: 169, pl. 1, f. 26 (m).
Titanoeca praefica Simon, 1874a: 217.
Amaurobius praeficus Simon, 1911b: 276.
Titanoeca praefica Simon, 1914: 42, 60, f. 82 (m).
Titanoeca praefica Hubert, 1966: 242, f. 9 (Df).
Titanoeca praefica Esyunin & Efimik, 1995: 81, f. 7-8 (f).
Titanoeca praefica Lecigne, 2017: 31, f. 15F-H (f).
Titanoeca praefica Barrientos et al., 2020: 218, f. 3a-f (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata (Hahn, 1833) * | m f | Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, China     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023207]
Aranea obscura Walckenaer, 1802: 209 (Dmf; preoccupied by Olivier, 1789, see Alopecosa trabalis, and by Fabricius, 1793, see Pisaura mirabilis).
Theridion obscurum Walckenaer, 1805: 76.
Theridion obscurum Hahn, 1833a: 83, f. 62 (mf).
Theridion 4-guttatum Hahn, 1833a: 89, f. 63-64 (Dmf).
Theridion 4-guttatum Hahn, 1836: 1, pl. 29, f. a-b (mf).
Theridion notatum Walckenaer, 1841: 334 (Dm).
Latrodectus 4-guttatus C. L. Koch, 1850: 23.
Theridion ardesiacum Dufour, 1855: 10, pl. 5, f. 8-14 (Dmf).
Eucharium obscurum Simon, 1864: 168.
Amaurobius kochi Ausserer, 1867: 162, pl. 7, f. 5 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055436].
Titanoeca quadriguttata Thorell, 1870b: 124.
Titanoeca kochii L. Koch, 1872d: 170.
Titanoeca quadriguttata Thorell, 1873: 506.
Titanoeca quadriguttata Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 163, pl. 6, f. 34 (mf).
Amaurobius quadriguttata Simon, 1892a: 237.
Titanoeca quadriguttata Becker, 1896: 227, pl. 14, f. 10 (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Bösenberg, 1902: 248, pl. 23, f. 357 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Bösenberg, 1902: 249, pl. 23, f. 359 (mf, misidentified).
Ciniflo IV-guttatus Lessert, 1910b: 22, f. 26-29 (mf).
Titanoeca obscura Kratochvíl, 1932b: 14, 24, f. 1-2, 3a-b (mf).
Titanoeca obscura Drensky, 1940: 192, f. 30 (mf).
Titanoeca obscura Wiehle, 1953: 144, f. 297-303 (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Muller, 1956: 203, f. 11-12 (mf).
Titanoeca obscura Schenkel, 1963: 24, f. 6 (f).
Titanoeca obscura Hubert, 1966: 241, f. 1 (f).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Lehtinen, 1967: 459, f. 423-424, 428-429, 436-437 (f).
Titanoeca obscura Loksa, 1969: 31, f. 21B, D-F (mf).
Titanoeca obscura Miller, 1971: 67, pl. III, f. 19 (m).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Palmgren, 1977a: 24, f. 5.30-31 (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Thaler, 1988: 118 (S of Titanoeca kochi).
Titanoeca obscura Hu & Wu, 1989: 60, f. 42.1-4 (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Hu & Wu, 1989: 62, f. 43.1-2 (f).
Titanoeca obscura Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 386, f. 1001 (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Wunderlich, 1993b: 350, f. 7-9 (mf).
Titanoeca obscura Millidge, 1993c: 154, f. 57 (f).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Roberts, 1995: 81, f. (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Roberts, 1998: 84, f. (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Hu, 2001: 121, f. 37.1-4 (mf).
Titanoeca quadriguttata Demircan & Topçu, 2015: 182, f. 10A-B (f).
Titanoeca schineri L. Koch, 1872 | m f | Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Iran, Central Asia     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023208]
Titanoeca schineri L. Koch, 1872d: 159 (Dmf).
Titanoeca schineri Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 163, pl. 6, f. 35 (mf).
Titanoeca schineri Simon, 1914: 42, 80, f. 84 (mf).
Titanoeca schineri Spassky, 1925: 27, f. 46 (f).
Titanoeca schineri Kratochvíl, 1932b: 17, 24, f. 3c, 4-5 (mf).
Titanoeca schineri Drensky, 1940: 192, f. 29 (mf).
Titanoeca schineri Hubert, 1966: 242, f. 3 (f).
Titanoeca schineri Loksa, 1969: 32, f. 21A, C, 22B, D (mf).
Titanoeca schineri Miller, 1971: 67, pl. III, f. 20 (m).
Titanoeca schineri Holm, 1973: 107, f. 111-112 (m).
Titanoeca schineri Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 386, f. 1002 (mf).
Titanoeca schineri Mcheidze, 1997: 51, f. 31-33 (f).
Titanoeca schineri Zamani et al., 2016: 113, f. 47-52 (mf).
Titanoeca sharmai (Bastawade, 2008) | m f | India     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:042094]
Amaurobius sharmai Bastawade, 2008: 40, f. 1-12 (Dmf).
Titanoeca sharmai Marusik, Ballarin & Omelko, 2012a: 62 (Tmf from Amaurobius).
Titanoeca sibirica L. Koch, 1879 | m f | Russia (Europe to Far East)     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:055438]
Titanoeca sibirica L. Koch, 1879c: 84, pl. 3, f. 4 (Df).
Titanoeca flavicoma Lehtinen, 1967: 270 (S of Titanoeca sibirica, not accepted by later authors).
Titanoeca sibirica Holm, 1973: 107, f. 113-117 (mf).
Titanoeca sibirica Danilov, 1994: 206, f. 36-38 (mf).
Titanoeca sibirica Esyunin & Efimik, 1995: 81, f. 9-10 (f).
Titanoeca sibirica Marusik, 1995: 126, f. 4, 11-12, 18-20 (mf).
Titanoeca sibirica Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2011: 257, f. 38.1, 3-4, 7-8 (m).
Titanoeca spominima (Taczanowski, 1866) | m f | Sweden, Finland, Central Europe, Serbia, Albania, Ukraine, Russia (Europe)     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:022640]
Amaurobius spominimus Taczanowski, 1866: 4 (Df).
Titanoeca psammophila Wunderlich, 1993b: 347, f. 1-6 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023206].
Titanoeca psammophila Roberts, 1995: 82, f. (mf).
Titanoeca psammophila Kupryjanowicz, 1997b: 57, f. 1-4 (mf).
Titanoeca psammophila Roberts, 1998: 84, f. (mf).
Titanoeca psammophila Almquist, 2007: 330, f. 289a-e (mf).
Titanoeca spominima Breitling et al., 2015: 67 (T from Amaurobius, S of Titanoeca psammophila).
Titanoeca psammophila Wunderlich, 2017b: 313 (regards T. spominima a nomen dubium and not accepts S of T. psammophila, but gives no sufficient evidence that T. psammophila could be protected after ICZN article 23.9.1.2).
Titanoeca spominima Grbić, Hänggi & Krnjajić, 2021: 38, f. 14A-D (m).
Titanoeca tristis L. Koch, 1872 | m f | Europe, Caucasus     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023211]
Latrodectus tristis Koch, in Canestrini & Pavesi, 1870: 32, pl. 3, f. 9 (nomen nudum).
Titanoeca tristis L. Koch, 1872d: 167 (Dmf).
Titanoeca tristis Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 163, pl. 6, f. 32 (mf).
Ciniflo tristis Lessert, 1910b: 24.
Titanoeca tristis Simon, 1914: 43, 60, f. 86 (m).
Titanoeca tristis Kratochvíl, 1932b: 17, 24, f. 3d, 6-7 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Drensky, 1940: 192, f. 27b, 28 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Wiehle, 1953: 148, f. 304-305 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Hubert, 1966: 243, f. 2 (f).
Titanoeca tristis Lehtinen, 1967: 271 (S).
Titanoeca tristis Loksa, 1969: 33, f. 20D, 22C (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Tystshenko, 1971: 60, f. 87, 89 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 384, f. 999 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Wunderlich, 1995C: 734, f. 5-6, 13-14 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Naumova, 2019: 426, f. 11 (m).
Titanoeca turkmenia Wunderlich, 1995 | m | Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan, Iran, Turkmenistan     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023212]
Titanoeca turkmenia Wunderlich, 1995C: 735, f. 7-10 (Dm).
Titanoeca turkmenia Naumova, 2019: 426, f. 10 (m).
Titanoeca ukrainica Guryanova, 1992 | m f | Ukraine, Russia (Europe, Caucasus), Georgia, Iran     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023213]
Titanoeca ukrainica Guryanova, 1992: 16, f. 3.1-2 (Dm).
Titanoeca ukrainica Ponomarev, 2008b: 79, f. 1a (Df).
Titanoeca ukrainica Zamani, Nadolny & Dolejš, 2022: 566, f. 8I-J (m).
Titanoeca ukrainica Seropian et al., 2023: 291, f. S7 (m).
Titanoeca veteranica Herman, 1879 | m f | Central, South-eastern and Eastern Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan     [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:023214]
Titanoeca veteranica Herman, 1879: 351, pl. 7, f. 155 (Dmf).
Titanoeca veteranica Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 163, pl. 6, f. 33 (mf).
Titanoeca veteranica Kratochvíl, 1932b: 19, 24, f. 3d, 8-9 (mf).
Titanoeca tristis Lehtinen, 1967: 271 (S, rejected).
Titanoeca veteranica Loksa, 1969: 32, f. 20C, 22A, E (mf).
Titanoeca veteranica Tystshenko, 1971: 60, f. 86, 88 (mf).
Titanoeca veteranica Miller, 1971: 67, pl. III, f. 21 (m).
Titanoeca veteranica Wunderlich, 1995C: 735, f. 11-12, 17 (mf).
Titanoeca veteranica Naumova, 2019: 426, f. 12 (m).
Titanoeca veteranica Nadolny, 2020: 57, f. 1.13-14 (m).
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