Taxon details


Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775)

  • Rank: Species (Genus type)
  • Status: accepted
  • Described: m f
  • Last updated: 2023-11-06
  • LSID: [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:003744]
  • Distribution: Western Asia. Introduced to both Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and numerous islands.
Type deposit provide information
  • Syntype: Zoologisches Museum Hamburg (ZMH), Hamburg, Germany (data base search of type material, 11.02.2019); f (A0002278) of Pholcus litoralis L. Koch, 1867
  • Syntype: Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZMB), Germany (database export of type material, March 2019); (3398) of Pholcus litoralis
  • Syntype: Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ), Brazil (database excerpt, August 2019); 2m 1j (00821, destroyed by the fire 2018) of Pholcus dubiomaculatus
  • Syntype: Museu de Zoologia da ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ (MZLQ), Piracicaba, Brazil [collection now in IBSP?]; 12m 31f (A0034) of Pholcus communis (Paschoal & Barros, 1983)
Taxonomic references
Aranea phalangoides Fuesslin, 1775: 61 (D).
Aranea meticulosa Fourcroy, 1785: 537 (D).
Pholcus phalangioides Walckenaer, 1805: 80, pl. 8, f. 79 (Df).
Pholcus phalangioides Walckenaer, 1837: 652 (Dm).
Pholcus nemastomoides C. L. Koch, 1837a: 97, f. 312 (Df).
Pholcus americanus Nicolet, 1849: 463, pl. 4, f. 8 (Df).
Pholcus atlanticus Hentz, 1850: 284, pl. 10, f. 7 (Df).
Pholcus phalangioides Blackwall, 1864a: 208, pl. 15, f. 137 (mf).
Pholcus litoralis L. Koch, 1867b: 193 (Dmf).
Pholcus litoralis L. Koch, 1872a: 285, pl. 24, f. 1 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879d: 77, pl. 1, f. 14, pl. 6, f. 3 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Emerton, 1882: 30, pl. 6, f. 2 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Chyzer & Kulczyński, 1891: 149, pl. 6, f. 19 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Simon, 1893a: 470, f. 440, 444-447 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Bösenberg, 1902: 219, pl. 19, f. 309 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Emerton, 1902: 128, f. 305-308 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Simon, 1914: 239, f. 486-488 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Mello-Leitão, 1918c: 113, f. 30 (mf).
Pholcus dubiomaculatus Mello-Leitão, 1918c: 116, f. 31-32 (Dm).
Pholcus phalangioides Gerhardt, 1921: 245, pl. 1, f. 10 (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Simon & Fage, 1922: 540, f. 6 (2, 6) (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Reimoser, 1929c: 62, f. 6 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Bristowe, 1938a: 311, f. 8.
Pholcus communis Piza, 1938a: 22, f. 1-4 (Dmf).
Pholcus phalangioides Uyemura, 1938a: 20, f. A-E (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Soares, 1944b: 320 (S).
Pholcus lambertoni Millot, 1946a: 131, f. 3A-B (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:003720].
Pholcus phalangioides Kaston, 1948: 68, f. 22-23 (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Chrysanthus, 1950: 82, f. 1 (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Locket & Millidge, 1951: 93, f. 47, 48A-C (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Wiehle, 1953: 43, f. 102-109 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Mikulska, 1964: 44, f. 4 (f).
Pholcus phalangioides Brændegaard, 1966: 83, f. 71-73 (f).
Pholcus phalangioides Lee, 1966: 35, f. 8m-p (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Hickman, 1967: 41, f. 66-71 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Muller, 1967b: 132, f. 5-6 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Loksa, 1969: 71, f. 47B, 48A-B (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Cooke, 1970: 145, f. 7 (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Miller, 1971: 58, pl. II, f. 21 (f).
Pholcus phalangioides Maughan & Fitch, 1976: 306, f. 2c (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Paik, 1978e: 227, f. 97.1-9 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Roberts, 1985: 64, f. 21a (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986a: 222, f. 59b (f).
Pholcus phalangioides Yaginuma, 1986a: 29, f. 17.1 (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Wunderlich, 1987a: 69, f. 48-54 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Chikuni, 1989b: 28, f. 4 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Heimer, 1990: 10, f. 18 (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Chen & Zhang, 1991: 75, f. 65.1-4 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 40, f. 81 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Uhl, 1994: 1, f. 1-9 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Uhl, Huber & Rose, 1995: 1, f. 1-12 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Roberts, 1995: 98, f. (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Barrion & Litsinger, 1995: 37, f. 13a-e (m; N.B.: misidentified, may belong to P. arayat, see Huber, 2011b: 318).
Pholcus phalangioides Agnarsson, 1996: 30, f. 10A-C (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Bartos, 1997: 27, f. 7A-B (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Roberts, 1998: 101, f. (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Huber, 1998c: 595, f. 8Q (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Huber, 2000: 77, f. 100 (S).
Pholcus phalangioides Senglet, 2001: 55, f. 27, 38 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Namkung, 2002: 43, f. 5.2a-b (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Paquin & Dupérré, 2003: 186, f. 2082-2084 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Namkung, 2003: 45, f. 5.2a-b (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Lee & Kim, 2003: 113, f. 70-78 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Almquist, 2005: 29, f. 66a-d (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Beatty, Berry & Huber, 2008: 18, f. 26-28, 50 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Kim & Yoo, 2008b: 81, f. 1a-c (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Irie, 2009: 108, f. 108, f. 27-29 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Zhang & Zhu, 2009a: 67, f. 36A-I (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Paquin, Vink & Dupérré, 2010: 35, f. 12.1, 4-6 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Le Peru, 2011: 156, f. 196 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Huber, 2011b: 375, f. 20, 1760-1762, 1790-1791, 1819-1822 (mf, S).
Pholcus phalangioides Tabrizi, Rad & Hedayati, 2014: 35, f. 1I-L, 3H-K (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Torres et al., 2015: 7, f. 6C-D (m).
Pholcus phalangioides Sen et al., 2015: 88, f. 509-513, pl. 19 (f).
Pholcus phalangioides Baba & Tanikawa, 2015: 11, 6 f. (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Kovács & Szinetár, 2016: 175, f. 3-4 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Hula, 2017: 4, f. 2 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Dolejš, 2017: 5, f. 1A-B (f).
Pholcus phalangioides Taucare-Ríos, 2021a: 201, f. 2-4 (mf).
Pholcus phalangioides Hamidian, Keikhosravi & Moradmand, 2023: 17, f. 7 (m).
References

Agnarsson, I. (1996). Íslenskar köngulær. Fjölrit Náttúrufræðistofnunar 31: 1-175. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Almquist, S. (2005). Swedish Araneae, part 1 – families Atypidae to Hahniidae (Linyphiidae excluded). Insect Systematics & Evolution, Supplement 62: 1-284. download pdf download pdf -- Show included taxa

Baba, Y. G. & Tanikawa, A. (2015). The handbook of spiders. Bun-ichi Sogo Shuppan, Tokyo, 112 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Barrion, A. T. & Litsinger, J. A. (1995). Riceland spiders of South and Southeast Asia. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 700 pp., 16 pls. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Bartos, M. (1997). Development of male pedipalps prior to the final moulting in Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin) (Araneae, Pholcidae). Proceedings of the 16th European Colloquium of Arachnology, pp. 27-35. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Beatty, J. A., Berry, J. W. & Huber, B. A. (2008). The pholcid spiders of Micronesia and Polynesia (Araneae, Pholcidae). Journal of Arachnology 36(1): 1-25. doi:10.1636/H05-66.1 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Blackwall, J. (1864a). A history of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Part II. Ray Society, London, pp. 175-384, pl. 13-29. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.143674 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Bösenberg, W. (1902). Die Spinnen Deutschlands. II-IV. Zoologica (Stuttgart) 14(2-4): 97-384, pl. 9-36. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.6508 download pdf download pdf download pdf -- Show included taxa

Brændegaard, J. (1966). Edderkopper eller spindlere I. Danmarks Fauna 72: 1-224. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Bristowe, W. S. (1938a). The classification of spiders. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (B) 108(2): 285-322. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1938.tb00028.x download pdf -- Show included taxa

Chen, Z. F. & Zhang, Z. H. (1991). Fauna of Zhejiang: Araneida. Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing House, Hangzhou, 356 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Chikuni, Y. (1989b). Pictorial encyclopedia of spiders in Japan. Kaisei-sha Publishing Co., Tokyo, 310 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Chrysanthus, P. (1950). De sidderspin (Pholcus phalangioides Fuessl.). Levende Natuur 53: 81-86. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Chyzer, C. & Kulczyński, W. (1891). Araneae Hungariae. Tomus I. Academia Scientarum Hungaricae, Budapest, 170 pp., 4 Pls. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Cooke, J. A. L. (1970). Spider genitalia and phylogeny. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris (2) 41(Suppl. 1): 142-146. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (1986a). Studies on tropical Pholcidae II: Redescription of Micromerys gracilis Bradley and Calapnita vermiformis Simon (Araneae, Pholcidae) and description of some related new species. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 22: 205-224. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Dolejš, P. (2017). Revize třesavek Pholcus phalangioides v Národním muzeu [Pholcus phalangioides in the National Museum revised]. Pavouk 43: 5-6. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Emerton, J. H. (1882). New England spiders of the family Theridiidae. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 6: 1-86. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Emerton, J. H. (1902). The common spiders of the United States. Boston, 225 pp. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.5617 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Fourcroy, A. F. de (1785). Entomologia parisiensis; sive catalogus insectorum quae in Agro parisiensi reperiuntur. Paris, 544 pp. (Araneae, pp. 531-537). download pdf -- Show included taxa

Fuesslin, J. C. (1775). Verzeichnis der ihm bekannten schweizerischen Insekten, mit einer ausgemahlten Kupfertafel: nebst der Ankündigung eines neuen Inseckten Werkes. Heinrich Steiner, Zürich und Winterthur, 62 pp. (Araneae, pp. 60-61) doi:10.5962/bhl.title.65772 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Gerhardt, U. (1921). Vergleichende Studien über die Morphologie des männlichen Tasters und die Biologie der Kopulation der Spinnen. Versuch einer zusammenfassenden Darstellung auf Grund eigener Beobachtungen. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 87A(4): 78-247, pl. 1-3. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Hamidian, M., Keikhosravi, A. & Moradmand, M. (2023). A preliminary molecular phylogeny of the genus Pholcus in Iran, with notes on taxonomy. Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics 19(1): 13-21. doi:10.22067/ijab.2022.70517.1012 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Heimer, S. (1990). Untersuchungen zur Evolution der Kopulationsorgane bei Spinnen (Arachnida, Araneae). Entomologische Abhandlungen, Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden 53: 1-25, 97-123. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Heimer, S. & Nentwig, W. (1991). Spinnen Mitteleuropas: Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Paul Parey, Berlin, 543 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Hentz, N. M. (1850). Descriptions and figures of the araneides of the United States. Boston Journal of Natural History 6: 18-35, 271-295. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Hickman, V. V. (1967). Some common spiders of Tasmania. Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, 112 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Huber, B. (1998c). Genital mechanics in some neotropical pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae), with implications for systematics. Journal of Zoology, London 244: 587-599. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Huber, B. A. (2000). New World pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): A revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 254: 1-348. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2000)254<0001:NWPSAP>2.0.CO;2 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Huber, B. A. (2011b). Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bonner Zoologische Monographien 58: 1-509. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Hula, V. (2017). Nový druh třesavky pro území České republiky, aneb další synantrop za dveřmi (nebo před?). Pavouk 42: 4-6. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Irie, T. (2009). Pholcidae. In: Ono, H. (ed.) The spiders of Japan with keys to the families and genera and illustrations of the species. Tokai University Press, Kanagawa, pp. 106-111. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Kaston, B. J. (1948). Spiders of Connecticut. Bulletin of the Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey 70: 1-874. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Kim, J. P. & Yoo, J. S. (2008b). Redescription of Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) from Vietnam (Araneae: Pholcidae). Korean Arachnology 24: 81-83. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Koch, C. L. (1837a). Die Arachniden. C. H. Zeh'sche Buchhandlung, Nürnberg, Dritter Band, pp. 105-119, pl. 106-118 (f. 246-252); Vierter Band, pp. 1-108, pl. 119-138 (f. 253-318). [for the correct year of publication see Brignoli, 1985b] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.43744 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Koch, L. (1867b). Beschreibungen neuer Arachniden und Myriapoden. II. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 17: 173-250. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Koch, L. (1872a). Die Arachniden Australiens, nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet [Erster Theil, Lieferung 3-7]. Bauer & Raspe, Nürnberg, 105-368, pl. 8-28. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.121660 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Kovács, G. & Szinetár, C. (2016). Adatok a mintás álkaszáspók [Hoplopholcus forskali (Thorell, 1871)] és a nagy álkaszáspók [Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775)] biológiájához (Araneae: Pholcidae). A Nyme Savaria Egyetemi Központ Tudományos Közleményei XXI. Természettudományok 16: 171-190. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Le Peru, B. (2011). The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Mémoires de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon 2: 1-522. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Lee, C. L. (1966). [Spiders of Formosa (Taiwan)]. Taichung Junior Teachers College Publisher, 84 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Lee, J. Y. & Kim, J. P. (2003). A taxonomic study of family Pholcidae C. L. Koch, 1851 (Arachnida: Araneae) from Korea. Korean Arachnology 19: 103-132. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Locket, G. H. & Millidge, A. F. (1951). British spiders. Vol. I. Ray Society, London, 310 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Loksa, I. (1969). Araneae I. Fauna Hungariae 97: 1-133. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Maughan, O. E. & Fitch, H. S. (1976). A new pholcid spider from northeastern Kansas (Arachnida: Araneida). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 49: 304-312. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Mello-Leitão, C. F. de (1918c). Scytodidas e pholcidas do Brasil. Revista do Museu Paulista 10: 83-144. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Mikulska, I. (1964). Some remarks upon the spider Pholcus phalangioides (Fuess.). Przegląd Zoologiczny 8: 44-46. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Miller, F. (1971). Pavouci-Araneida. Klíč zvířeny ČSSR 4: 51-306. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Millot, J. (1946a). Les pholcides de Madagascar (Aranéides). Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris (N.S.) 22: 127-158. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Muller, L. (1967b). Les pholcides dans le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Archives de l'Institut Grand-Ducal de Luxembourg 32: 129-133. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Namkung, J. (2002). The spiders of Korea. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, 648 pp. [2001 in the book, but publ. in 2002 per Platnick] download pdf -- Show included taxa

Namkung, J. (2003). The Spiders of Korea, 2nd. ed. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, 648 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Nicolet, H. (1849). Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (ed.) Historia física y política de Chile. Zoología 3, 319-543, pl. 1-5. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.16172 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Paik, K. Y. (1978e). Araneae. Illustrated Fauna and Flora of Korea 21: 1-548. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Paquin, P. & Dupérré, N. (2003). Guide d'identification des araignées de Québec. Fabreries, Supplement 11: 1-251. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Paquin, P., Vink, C. & Dupérré, N. (2010). Spiders of New Zealand: annotated family key & species list. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln, New Zealand, 118 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1879d). The spiders of Dorset. Araneidea. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club 1: 1-235. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Piza Jr., S. de T. (1938a). Duas novas especes de aranha muito communs em Piracicaba. Folia Clinica et Biologica, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo 10: 21-23. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Reimoser, E. (1929c). Einheimische Spinnen 3-4. Die Natur (Wien) 5: 36-39, 62-65, 82-89. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Roberts, M. J. (1985). The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 1: Atypidae to Theridiosomatidae. Harley Books, Colchester, England, 229 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Roberts, M. J. (1995). Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Roberts, M. J. (1998). Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Sen, S., Dhali, D. C., Saha, S. & Raychaudhuri, D. (2015). Spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) of reserve forests of Dooars: Gorumara National Park, Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary and Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary. World Scientific News 20: 1-339. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Senglet, A. (2001). Copulatory mechanisms in Hoplopholcus, Stygopholcus (revalidated), Pholcus, Spermophora and Spermophorides (Araneae, Pholcidae), with additional faunistic and taxonomic data. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 74(1-2): 43-67. doi:10.5169/seals-402796 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Simon, E. (1893a). Histoire naturelle des araignées. Deuxième édition, tome premier. Roret, Paris, pp. 257-488. [second pdf with detailed publication dates of the single parts] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.51973 download pdf download pdf -- Show included taxa

Simon, E. (1914). Les arachnides de France. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 1re partie. Roret, Paris, pp. 1-308. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Simon, E. & Fage, L. (1922). Biospeologica XLIV. Araneae des grottes de l'Afrique orientale. Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale 60: 523-555. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Soares, B. A. M. (1944b). Notas sôbre aranhas. I. Papéis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria de Agricultura, Sao Paolo 4: 319-320. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Tabrizi, S. S., Rad, S. P. & Hedayati, Z. (2014). A faunistic study on the spiders of several metropolis parks in Tehran, Iran. Indian Journal of Arachnology 3(2): 28-39. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Taucare-Ríos, A. (2021a). Familia Pholcidae. In: Taucare-Ríos, A. & Canals, M. (eds.) Arácnidos comunes de Chile. Revista Parasitología Latinoamericana 20(2): 197-204. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Torres, V. M., Pardo, P. L., González-Reyes, A. X., Rodríguez Artigas, S. M. & Corronca, J. A. (2015). New records of seven species of pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae) from the northern Argentina. Check List 11(2, 1629): 1-9. doi:10.15560/11.3.1629 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Uhl, G. (1994). Genital morphology and sperm storage in Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) (Pholcidae; Araneae). Acta Zoologica, Stockholm 75(1): 1-12. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.1994.tb00957.x download pdf -- Show included taxa

Uhl, G., Huber, B. A. & Rose, W. (1995). Male pedipalp morphology and copulatory mechanism in Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 10: 1-9. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Uyemura, T. (1938a). Reports on some Japanese spiders (2). Acta Arachnologica 3: 19-30. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Walckenaer, C. A. (1805). Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions. Dentu, Paris, 88 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Walckenaer, C. A. (1837). Histoire naturelle des insectes. Aptères. Tome premier. Roret, Paris, 682 pp., pl. 1-15. [plates in second pdf] doi:10.5962/bhl.title.61095 download pdf download pdf -- Show included taxa

Wiehle, H. (1953). Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea (Araneae) IX: Orthognatha-Cribellatae-Haplogynae-Entelegynae (Pholcidae, Zodariidae, Oxyopidae, Mimetidae, Nesticidae). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 42: 1-150. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Wunderlich, J. (1987a). Die Spinnen der Kanarischen Inseln und Madeiras: Adaptive Radiation, Biogeographie, Revisionen und Neubeschreibungen. Triops, Langen, 435 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Yaginuma, T. (1986a). Spiders of Japan in color (new ed.). Hoikusha Publishing Co., Osaka, 305 pp., 64 pls. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Zhang, F. & Zhu, M. S. (2009a). A review of the genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from China. Zootaxa 2037: 1-114. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2037.1.1 download pdf -- Show included taxa

External Resource References

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As External Resources, the World Spider Catalog links here to species pages of other databases. They may contain further information for the given species. The databases, listed as External Resources, however, are not managed by World Spider Catalog and the information given there is not necessarily in agreement with the World Spider Catalog. All responsibility for such data is with the external database.

GBIF.org (2019). GBIF Home Page (via GBIF API). Available from: https://www.gbif.org [1 September 2019]

Nentwig, W., Blick, T., Bosmans, R., Gloor, D., Hänggi, A., Kropf, C.: Spiders of Europe. www.araneae.nmbe.ch. Version 05.2018. doi: 10.24436/1

Edit history
Date Type Reference Detail
2023-11-06 New taxonomic reference entry Hamidian, Keikhosravi & Moradmand, 2023 n/a
2021-10-21 New taxonomic reference entry Taucare-Ríos, 2021a n/a
2021-09-10 New taxonomic reference entry Gerhardt, 1921 n/a
2018-04-05 New taxonomic reference entry Dolejš, 2017 n/a
2017-11-22 New taxonomic reference entry Hula, 2017 n/a
2017-10-27 New taxonomic reference entry Baba & Tanikawa, 2015 n/a
2016-09-24 New taxonomic reference entry Kovács & Szinetár, 2016 n/a
2015-12-10 New taxonomic reference entry Sen et al., 2015 n/a
2015-11-04 New taxonomic reference entry Torres et al., 2015 n/a
2015-02-16 New taxonomic reference entry Tabrizi, Rad & Hedayati, 2014 n/a