Taxon details


Parawixia audax (Blackwall, 1863)

  • Rank: Species
  • Status: accepted
  • Described: m f
  • Last updated: 2023-04-29
  • LSID: [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:016889]
  • Distribution: Colombia to Argentina
  • External Resources *:
Type deposit provide information
  • Holotype: Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ), Brazil (database excerpt, August 2019); Araneus ribeiroi Mello-Leitão, 1917, (00184); 1 f (probably destroyed by the fire 2018)
  • Syntype: Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main (SMF), Germany (data base search of type material, 11.01.2019); Aranea eumeniphila Strand, 1915, 1 m, 1 f (4180-117)
  • Syntype: Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main (SMF), Germany (data base search of type material, 11.01.2019); Parawixia eumeniphila Strand, 1916, 12 j, 7 m (4181-117)
Taxonomic references
Epeira audax Blackwall, 1863a: 29 (Df).
Epeira meridionalis Keyserling, 1865: 810, pl. 19, f. 19-20 (Df).
Epeira amaurophila Holmberg, 1876: 17 (Df).
Epeira coronigera Taczanowski, 1878b: 157, pl. 1, f. 9 (Dmf) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057868].
Epeira duodecimtuberculata Bertkau, 1880a: 91, pl. 2, f. 33 (Df).
Epeira audax Keyserling, 1892: 85, pl. 4, f. 64 (f, Dm).
Araneus audax Simon, 1897e: 2.
Araneus coronigerus Petrunkevitch, 1911: 287.
Aranea audax Strand, 1916b: 113.
Aranea (Parawixia) eumeniphila Strand, 1916b: 115 (Dm) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057871].
Araneus rugosus Badcock, 1932: 24 (Df) [urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:057880].
Verrucosa audax Mello-Leitão, 1933b: 42.
Araneus audax Franganillo, 1936c: 73, f. 32 (m).
Parawixia audax Mello-Leitão, 1940b: 38 (T from Verrucosa).
Parawixia eumeniphila Roewer, 1942a: 870.
Parawixia rugosa Levi, 1991a: 178 (T from Araneus).
Parawixia coronigera Levi, 1991a: 179 (T from Araneus).
Parawixia audax Levi, 1992b: 36, f. 1-5, 7-8, 136-142 (mf, S of Parawixia coronigera, P. eumeniphila and P. rugosa).
Parawixia audax Cabra-García & Hormiga, 2020: 1015, f. 19H, 24G, 30G, 32D, 33B, 38B, 43E-F, 48C, 55C, 58D, 60E, 62E, 64E, 77A-F, 100A-B, 102D, 111A-G (mf).
References

Badcock, H. D. (1932). Reports of an expedition to Paraguay and Brazil in 1926–7, supported by the Trustees of the Percy Sladen Memorial Fund and the Executive Committee of the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland. Arachnida from the Paraguayan Chaco. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 38(257): 1-48. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1932.tb00987.x download pdf -- Show included taxa

Bertkau, P. (1880a). Verzeichniss der von Prof. Ed. van Beneden auf seiner im Auftrage der Belgischen Regierung unternommenen wissenschaftlichen Reise nach Brasilien und La Plata i. J. 1872-73 gesammelten Arachniden. Mémoires Couronnés et Mémoires des Savants Étrangers de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique 43: 1-120. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Blackwall, J. (1863a). Description of newly discovered spiders captured in Rio de Janeiro, by John Gray and the Rev. Hamlet Clark (continued). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (3) 11(61): 29-45. doi:10.1080/00222936308681375 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Cabra-García, J. & Hormiga, G. (2020). Exploring the impact of morphology, multiple sequence alignment and choice of optimality criteria in phylogenetic inference: a case study with the Neotropical orb-weaving spider genus Wagneriana (Araneae: Araneidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 188(4): 976-1151. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz088 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Franganillo B., P. (1936c). Los arácnidos de Cuba hasta 1936. Cultural, La Habana, 183 pp. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Holmberg, E. L. (1876). Arácnidos argentinos. Anales de Agricultura de la República Argentina 4: 1-30. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Keyserling, E. (1865). Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Orbitelae Latr. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 15: 799-856, pl. 18-21. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Keyserling, E. (1892). Die Spinnen Amerikas. Epeiridae. Bauer & Raspe, Nürnberg 4, 1-208. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.64832 download pdf -- Show included taxa

Levi, H. W. (1991a). The Neotropical and Mexican species of the orb-weaver genera Araneus, Dubiepeira, and Aculepeira (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 152: 167-315. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Levi, H. W. (1992b). Spiders of the orb-weaver genus Parawixia in America (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 153: 1-46. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Mello-Leitão, C. F. de (1933b). Catalogo das aranhas argentinas. Archivos da Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina Veterinaria, Rio de Janeiro 10: 3-63. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Mello-Leitão, C. F. de (1940b). Arañas de la provincia de Buenos Aires y de las gobernaciones de La Pampa, Neuquén, Río Negro y Chubut. Revista del Museo de La Plata (N.S.,Zool.) 2: 3-62. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Petrunkevitch, A. (1911). A synonymic index-catalogue of spiders of North, Central and South America with all adjacent islands, Greenland, Bermuda, West Indies, Terra del Fuego, Galapagos, etc. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 29: 1-791. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Roewer, C. F. (1942a). Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940. 1. Band (Mesothelae, Orthognatha, Labidognatha: Dysderaeformia, Scytodiformia, Pholciformia, Zodariiformia, Hersiliaeformia, Argyopiformia). Natura, Buchhandlung für Naturkunde und exakte Wissenschaften Paul Budy, Bremen, 1040 pp. download pdf download pdf -- Show included taxa

Simon, E. (1897e). Viaggio del Dott. A. Borelli nella République Argentina e nel Paraguay. Liste des arachnides recueillis aux Iles du Cap-Vert, dans la République Argentine et le Paraguay et descriptions d'espèces nouvelles. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della Reale Università di Torino 12(270): 1-8. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Strand, E. (1916b). Systematische-faunistische Studien über paläarktische, afrikanische und amerikanische Spinnen des Senckenbergischen Museums. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 81(A9): 1-153. download pdf -- Show included taxa

Taczanowski, L. (1878b). Les Aranéides du Pérou central. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae 14: 140-175. download pdf -- Show included taxa

External Resource References

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As External Resources, the World Spider Catalog links here to species pages of other databases. They may contain further information for the given species. The databases, listed as External Resources, however, are not managed by World Spider Catalog and the information given there is not necessarily in agreement with the World Spider Catalog. All responsibility for such data is with the external database.

GBIF.org (2019). GBIF Home Page (via GBIF API). Available from: https://www.gbif.org [1 September 2019]

Edit history
Date Type Reference Detail
2020-04-02 New taxonomic reference entry Cabra-García & Hormiga, 2020 n/a